feat: Rebrand Polkadot/Substrate references to PezkuwiChain

This commit systematically rebrands various references from Parity Technologies'
Polkadot/Substrate ecosystem to PezkuwiChain within the kurdistan-sdk.

Key changes include:
- Updated external repository URLs (zombienet-sdk, parity-db, parity-scale-codec, wasm-instrument) to point to pezkuwichain forks.
- Modified internal documentation and code comments to reflect PezkuwiChain naming and structure.
- Replaced direct references to  with  or specific paths within the  for XCM, Pezkuwi, and other modules.
- Cleaned up deprecated  issue and PR references in various  and  files, particularly in  and  modules.
- Adjusted image and logo URLs in documentation to point to PezkuwiChain assets.
- Removed or rephrased comments related to external Polkadot/Substrate PRs and issues.

This is a significant step towards fully customizing the SDK for the PezkuwiChain ecosystem.

bizinikiwi/pezframe/examples/authorization-tx-extension/src/extensions.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+// This file is part of Bizinikiwi.
+
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT-0
+
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
+// this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in
+// the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
+// use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies
+// of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do
+// so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+// copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+// SOFTWARE.
+
+use core::{fmt, marker::PhantomData};
+
+use codec::{Decode, DecodeWithMemTracking, Encode};
+use pezframe_support::{pezpallet_prelude::TransactionSource, traits::OriginTrait, Parameter};
+use scale_info::TypeInfo;
+use pezsp_runtime::{
+	impl_tx_ext_default,
+	traits::{
+		DispatchInfoOf, DispatchOriginOf, IdentifyAccount, TransactionExtension, ValidateResult,
+		Verify,
+	},
+	transaction_validity::{InvalidTransaction, ValidTransaction},
+};
+
+use crate::pezpallet_coownership::{Config, Origin};
+
+/// Helper struct to organize the data needed for signature verification of both parties involved.
+#[derive(Clone, Eq, PartialEq, Encode, Decode, DecodeWithMemTracking, TypeInfo)]
+pub struct AuthCredentials<Signer, Signature> {
+	first: (Signer, Signature),
+	second: (Signer, Signature),
+}
+
+/// Extension that, if activated by providing a pair of signers and signatures, will authorize a
+/// coowner origin of the two signers. Both signers have to construct their signatures on all of the
+/// data that follows this extension in the `TransactionExtension` pipeline, their implications and
+/// the call. Essentially re-sign the transaction from this point onwards in the pipeline by using
+/// the `inherited_implication`, as shown below.
+#[derive(Clone, Eq, PartialEq, Encode, Decode, DecodeWithMemTracking, TypeInfo)]
+#[scale_info(skip_type_params(T))]
+pub struct AuthorizeCoownership<T, Signer, Signature> {
+	inner: Option<AuthCredentials<Signer, Signature>>,
+	_phantom: PhantomData<T>,
+}
+
+impl<T: Config, Signer, Signature> Default for AuthorizeCoownership<T, Signer, Signature> {
+	fn default() -> Self {
+		Self { inner: None, _phantom: Default::default() }
+	}
+}
+
+impl<T: Config, Signer, Signature> AuthorizeCoownership<T, Signer, Signature> {
+	/// Creates an active extension that will try to authorize the coownership origin.
+	pub fn new(first: (Signer, Signature), second: (Signer, Signature)) -> Self {
+		Self { inner: Some(AuthCredentials { first, second }), _phantom: Default::default() }
+	}
+}
+
+impl<T: Config, Signer, Signature> fmt::Debug for AuthorizeCoownership<T, Signer, Signature> {
+	#[cfg(feature = "std")]
+	fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+		write!(f, "AuthorizeCoownership")
+	}
+
+	#[cfg(not(feature = "std"))]
+	fn fmt(&self, _: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+		Ok(())
+	}
+}
+
+impl<T: Config + Send + Sync, Signer, Signature> TransactionExtension<T::RuntimeCall>
+	for AuthorizeCoownership<T, Signer, Signature>
+where
+	Signer: IdentifyAccount<AccountId = T::AccountId> + Parameter + Send + Sync + 'static,
+	Signature: Verify<Signer = Signer> + Parameter + Send + Sync + 'static,
+{
+	const IDENTIFIER: &'static str = "AuthorizeCoownership";
+	type Implicit = ();
+	type Val = ();
+	type Pre = ();
+
+	fn validate(
+		&self,
+		mut origin: DispatchOriginOf<T::RuntimeCall>,
+		_call: &T::RuntimeCall,
+		_info: &DispatchInfoOf<T::RuntimeCall>,
+		_len: usize,
+		_self_implicit: Self::Implicit,
+		inherited_implication: &impl codec::Encode,
+		_source: TransactionSource,
+	) -> ValidateResult<Self::Val, T::RuntimeCall> {
+		// If the extension is inactive, just move on in the pipeline.
+		let Some(auth) = &self.inner else {
+			return Ok((ValidTransaction::default(), (), origin));
+		};
+		let first_account = auth.first.0.clone().into_account();
+		let second_account = auth.second.0.clone().into_account();
+
+		// Construct the payload to sign using the `inherited_implication`.
+		let msg = inherited_implication.using_encoded(pezsp_io::hashing::blake2_256);
+
+		// Both parties' signatures must be correct for the origin to be authorized.
+		// In a prod environment, we're just return a `InvalidTransaction::BadProof` if the
+		// signature isn't valid, but we return these custom errors to be able to assert them in
+		// tests.
+		if !auth.first.1.verify(&msg[..], &first_account) {
+			Err(InvalidTransaction::Custom(100))?
+		}
+		if !auth.second.1.verify(&msg[..], &second_account) {
+			Err(InvalidTransaction::Custom(200))?
+		}
+		// Construct a `pezpallet_coownership::Origin`.
+		let local_origin = Origin::Coowners(first_account, second_account);
+		// Turn it into a local `PalletsOrigin`.
+		let local_origin = <T as Config>::PalletsOrigin::from(local_origin);
+		// Then finally into a pallet `RuntimeOrigin`.
+		let local_origin = <T as Config>::RuntimeOrigin::from(local_origin);
+		// Which the `set_caller_from` function will convert into the overarching `RuntimeOrigin`
+		// created by `construct_runtime!`.
+		origin.set_caller_from(local_origin);
+		// Make sure to return the new origin.
+		Ok((ValidTransaction::default(), (), origin))
+	}
+	// We're not doing any special logic in `TransactionExtension::prepare`, so just impl a default.
+	impl_tx_ext_default!(T::RuntimeCall; weight prepare);
+}

bizinikiwi/pezframe/examples/authorization-tx-extension/src/lib.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+// This file is part of Bizinikiwi.
+
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT-0
+
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
+// this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in
+// the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
+// use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies
+// of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do
+// so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+// copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+// SOFTWARE.
+
+//! # Authorization Transaction Extension Example Pallet
+//!
+//! **This pallet serves as an example and is not meant to be used in production.**
+//!
+//! FRAME Transaction Extension reference implementation, origin mutation, origin authorization and
+//! integration in a `TransactionExtension` pipeline.
+//!
+//! The [TransactionExtension](pezsp_runtime::traits::TransactionExtension) used in this example is
+//! [AuthorizeCoownership](extensions::AuthorizeCoownership). If activated, the extension will
+//! authorize 2 signers as coowners, with a [coowner origin](pezpallet_coownership::Origin) specific to
+//! the [coownership example pallet](pezpallet_coownership), by validating a signature of the rest of
+//! the transaction from each party. This means any extensions after ours in the pipeline, their
+//! implicits and the actual call. The extension pipeline used in our example checks the genesis
+//! hash, transaction version and mortality of the transaction after the `AuthorizeCoownership` runs
+//! as we want these transactions to run regardless of what origin passes through them and/or we
+//! want their implicit data in any signature authorization happening earlier in the pipeline.
+//!
+//! In this example, aside from the [AuthorizeCoownership](extensions::AuthorizeCoownership)
+//! extension, we use the following pallets:
+//! - [pezpallet_coownership] - provides a coowner origin and the functionality to authorize it.
+//! - [pezpallet_assets] - a dummy asset pallet that tracks assets, identified by an
+//!   [AssetId](pezpallet_assets::AssetId), and their respective owners, which can be either an
+//!   [account](pezpallet_assets::Owner::Single) or a [pair of owners](pezpallet_assets::Owner::Double).
+//!
+//! Assets are created in [pezpallet_assets] using the
+//! [create_asset](pezpallet_assets::Call::create_asset) call, which accepts traditionally signed
+//! origins (a single account) or coowner origins, authorized through the
+//! [CoownerOrigin](pezpallet_assets::Config::CoownerOrigin) type.
+//!
+//! ### Example runtime setup
+#![doc = docify::embed!("src/mock.rs", example_runtime)]
+//!
+//! ### Example usage
+#![doc = docify::embed!("src/tests.rs", create_coowned_asset_works)]
+//!
+//! This example does not focus on any pallet logic or syntax, but rather on `TransactionExtension`
+//! functionality. The pallets used are just skeletons to provide storage state and custom origin
+//! choices and requirements, as shown in the examples. Any weight and/or
+//! transaction fee is out of scope for this example.
+
+#![cfg_attr(not(feature = "std"), no_std)]
+
+pub mod extensions;
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod mock;
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests;
+
+extern crate alloc;
+
+use pezframe_support::pezpallet_prelude::*;
+use pezframe_system::pezpallet_prelude::*;
+
+#[pezframe_support::pallet(dev_mode)]
+pub mod pezpallet_coownership {
+	use super::*;
+	use pezframe_support::traits::OriginTrait;
+
+	#[pallet::config]
+	pub trait Config: pezframe_system::Config {
+		/// The aggregated origin which the dispatch will take.
+		type RuntimeOrigin: OriginTrait<PalletsOrigin = Self::PalletsOrigin>
+			+ From<Self::PalletsOrigin>
+			+ IsType<<Self as pezframe_system::Config>::RuntimeOrigin>;
+
+		/// The caller origin, overarching type of all pallets origins.
+		type PalletsOrigin: From<Origin<Self>> + TryInto<Origin<Self>, Error = Self::PalletsOrigin>;
+	}
+
+	#[pallet::pallet]
+	pub struct Pallet<T>(_);
+
+	/// Origin that this pallet can authorize. For the purposes of this example, it's just two
+	/// accounts that own something together.
+	#[pallet::origin]
+	#[derive(
+		Clone,
+		PartialEq,
+		Eq,
+		RuntimeDebug,
+		Encode,
+		Decode,
+		DecodeWithMemTracking,
+		MaxEncodedLen,
+		TypeInfo,
+	)]
+	pub enum Origin<T: Config> {
+		Coowners(T::AccountId, T::AccountId),
+	}
+}
+
+#[pezframe_support::pallet(dev_mode)]
+pub mod pezpallet_assets {
+	use super::*;
+
+	pub type AssetId = u32;
+
+	/// Type that describes possible owners of a particular asset.
+	#[derive(Clone, PartialEq, Eq, RuntimeDebug, Encode, Decode, MaxEncodedLen, TypeInfo)]
+	pub enum Owner<AccountId> {
+		Single(AccountId),
+		Double(AccountId, AccountId),
+	}
+
+	#[pallet::config]
+	pub trait Config: pezframe_system::Config {
+		/// Type that can authorize an account pair coowner origin.
+		type CoownerOrigin: EnsureOrigin<
+			Self::RuntimeOrigin,
+			Success = (Self::AccountId, Self::AccountId),
+		>;
+	}
+
+	/// Map that holds the owner information for each asset it manages.
+	#[pallet::storage]
+	pub type AssetOwners<T> =
+		StorageMap<_, Blake2_128Concat, AssetId, Owner<<T as pezframe_system::Config>::AccountId>>;
+
+	#[pallet::pallet]
+	pub struct Pallet<T>(_);
+
+	#[pallet::error]
+	pub enum Error<T> {
+		/// Asset already exists.
+		AlreadyExists,
+	}
+
+	#[pallet::call]
+	impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
+		/// Simple call that just creates an asset with a specific `AssetId`. This call will fail if
+		/// there is already an asset with the same `AssetId`.
+		///
+		/// The origin is either a single account (traditionally signed origin) or a coowner origin.
+		#[pallet::call_index(0)]
+		pub fn create_asset(origin: OriginFor<T>, asset_id: AssetId) -> DispatchResult {
+			let owner: Owner<T::AccountId> = match T::CoownerOrigin::try_origin(origin) {
+				Ok((first, second)) => Owner::Double(first, second),
+				Err(origin) => ensure_signed(origin).map(|account| Owner::Single(account))?,
+			};
+			AssetOwners::<T>::try_mutate(asset_id, |maybe_owner| {
+				if maybe_owner.is_some() {
+					return Err(Error::<T>::AlreadyExists);
+				}
+				*maybe_owner = Some(owner);
+				Ok(())
+			})?;
+			Ok(())
+		}
+	}
+}

bizinikiwi/pezframe/examples/authorization-tx-extension/src/mock.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+// This file is part of Bizinikiwi.
+
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT-0
+
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
+// this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in
+// the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
+// use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies
+// of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do
+// so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+// copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+// SOFTWARE.
+
+use crate::*;
+pub(crate) use example_runtime::*;
+use extensions::AuthorizeCoownership;
+use pezframe_support::derive_impl;
+use pezframe_system::{CheckEra, CheckGenesis, CheckNonce, CheckTxVersion};
+use pezpallet_verify_signature::VerifySignature;
+use pezsp_runtime::{
+	generic,
+	traits::{BlakeTwo256, IdentifyAccount, IdentityLookup, Verify},
+	BuildStorage, MultiSignature, MultiSigner,
+};
+
+#[docify::export]
+mod example_runtime {
+	use super::*;
+
+	/// Our `TransactionExtension` fit for general transactions.
+	pub type TxExtension = (
+		// Validate the signature of regular account transactions (substitutes the old signed
+		// transaction).
+		VerifySignature<Runtime>,
+		// Nonce check (and increment) for the caller.
+		CheckNonce<Runtime>,
+		// If activated, will mutate the origin to a `pezpallet_coownership` origin of 2 accounts that
+		// own something.
+		AuthorizeCoownership<Runtime, MultiSigner, MultiSignature>,
+		// Some other extensions that we want to run for every possible origin and we want captured
+		// in any and all signature and authorization schemes (such as the traditional account
+		// signature or the double signature in `pezpallet_coownership`).
+		CheckGenesis<Runtime>,
+		CheckTxVersion<Runtime>,
+		CheckEra<Runtime>,
+	);
+	/// Convenience type to more easily construct the signature to be signed in case
+	/// `AuthorizeCoownership` is activated.
+	pub type InnerTxExtension = (CheckGenesis<Runtime>, CheckTxVersion<Runtime>, CheckEra<Runtime>);
+	pub type UncheckedExtrinsic =
+		generic::UncheckedExtrinsic<AccountId, RuntimeCall, Signature, TxExtension>;
+	pub type Header = generic::Header<BlockNumber, BlakeTwo256>;
+	pub type Block = generic::Block<Header, UncheckedExtrinsic>;
+	pub type AccountId = <<Signature as Verify>::Signer as IdentifyAccount>::AccountId;
+	pub type Signature = MultiSignature;
+	pub type BlockNumber = u32;
+
+	// For testing the pallet, we construct a mock runtime.
+	pezframe_support::construct_runtime!(
+		pub enum Runtime
+		{
+			System: pezframe_system,
+			VerifySignaturePallet: pezpallet_verify_signature,
+
+			Assets: pezpallet_assets,
+			Coownership: pezpallet_coownership,
+		}
+	);
+
+	#[derive_impl(pezframe_system::config_preludes::TestDefaultConfig)]
+	impl pezframe_system::Config for Runtime {
+		type AccountId = AccountId;
+		type Block = Block;
+		type Lookup = IdentityLookup<Self::AccountId>;
+	}
+
+	impl pezpallet_verify_signature::Config for Runtime {
+		type Signature = MultiSignature;
+		type AccountIdentifier = MultiSigner;
+		type WeightInfo = ();
+		#[cfg(feature = "runtime-benchmarks")]
+		type BenchmarkHelper = ();
+	}
+
+	/// Type that enables any pallet to ask for a coowner origin.
+	pub struct EnsureCoowner;
+	impl EnsureOrigin<RuntimeOrigin> for EnsureCoowner {
+		type Success = (AccountId, AccountId);
+
+		fn try_origin(o: RuntimeOrigin) -> Result<Self::Success, RuntimeOrigin> {
+			match o.clone().into() {
+				Ok(pezpallet_coownership::Origin::<Runtime>::Coowners(first, second)) =>
+					Ok((first, second)),
+				_ => Err(o),
+			}
+		}
+
+		#[cfg(feature = "runtime-benchmarks")]
+		fn try_successful_origin() -> Result<RuntimeOrigin, ()> {
+			unimplemented!()
+		}
+	}
+
+	impl pezpallet_assets::Config for Runtime {
+		type CoownerOrigin = EnsureCoowner;
+	}
+
+	impl pezpallet_coownership::Config for Runtime {
+		type RuntimeOrigin = RuntimeOrigin;
+		type PalletsOrigin = OriginCaller;
+	}
+}
+
+// This function basically just builds a genesis storage key/value store according to
+// our desired mockup.
+pub fn new_test_ext() -> pezsp_io::TestExternalities {
+	let t = RuntimeGenesisConfig {
+		// We use default for brevity, but you can configure as desired if needed.
+		system: Default::default(),
+	}
+	.build_storage()
+	.unwrap();
+	t.into()
+}

bizinikiwi/pezframe/examples/authorization-tx-extension/src/tests.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,280 @@
+// This file is part of Bizinikiwi.
+
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT-0
+
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
+// this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in
+// the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
+// use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies
+// of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do
+// so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+// copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+// SOFTWARE.
+
+//! Tests for pezpallet-example-authorization-tx-extension.
+
+use codec::Encode;
+use pezframe_support::{
+	assert_noop,
+	dispatch::GetDispatchInfo,
+	pezpallet_prelude::{InvalidTransaction, TransactionValidityError},
+};
+use pezpallet_verify_signature::VerifySignature;
+use pezsp_keyring::Sr25519Keyring;
+use pezsp_runtime::{
+	generic::ExtensionVersion,
+	traits::{Applyable, Checkable, IdentityLookup, TransactionExtension},
+	MultiSignature, MultiSigner,
+};
+
+use crate::{extensions::AuthorizeCoownership, mock::*, pezpallet_assets};
+
+#[test]
+fn create_asset_works() {
+	new_test_ext().execute_with(|| {
+		let alice_keyring = Sr25519Keyring::Alice;
+		let alice_account = AccountId::from(alice_keyring.public());
+		// Simple call to create asset with Id `42`.
+		let create_asset_call =
+			RuntimeCall::Assets(pezpallet_assets::Call::create_asset { asset_id: 42 });
+		let ext_version: ExtensionVersion = 0;
+		// Create extension that will be used for dispatch.
+		let initial_nonce = 23;
+		let tx_ext = (
+			pezframe_system::CheckNonce::<Runtime>::from(initial_nonce),
+			AuthorizeCoownership::<Runtime, MultiSigner, MultiSignature>::default(),
+			pezframe_system::CheckGenesis::<Runtime>::new(),
+			pezframe_system::CheckTxVersion::<Runtime>::new(),
+			pezframe_system::CheckEra::<Runtime>::from(pezsp_runtime::generic::Era::immortal()),
+		);
+		// Create the transaction signature, to be used in the top level `VerifyMultiSignature`
+		// extension.
+		let tx_sign = MultiSignature::Sr25519(
+			(&(ext_version, &create_asset_call), &tx_ext, tx_ext.implicit().unwrap())
+				.using_encoded(|e| alice_keyring.sign(&pezsp_io::hashing::blake2_256(e))),
+		);
+		// Add the signature to the extension.
+		let tx_ext = (
+			VerifySignature::new_with_signature(tx_sign, alice_account.clone()),
+			pezframe_system::CheckNonce::<Runtime>::from(initial_nonce),
+			AuthorizeCoownership::<Runtime, MultiSigner, MultiSignature>::default(),
+			pezframe_system::CheckGenesis::<Runtime>::new(),
+			pezframe_system::CheckTxVersion::<Runtime>::new(),
+			pezframe_system::CheckEra::<Runtime>::from(pezsp_runtime::generic::Era::immortal()),
+		);
+		// Create the transaction and we're ready for dispatch.
+		let uxt = UncheckedExtrinsic::new_transaction(create_asset_call, tx_ext);
+		// Check Extrinsic validity and apply it.
+		let uxt_info = uxt.get_dispatch_info();
+		let uxt_len = uxt.using_encoded(|e| e.len());
+		// Manually pay for Alice's nonce.
+		pezframe_system::Account::<Runtime>::mutate(&alice_account, |info| {
+			info.nonce = initial_nonce;
+			info.providers = 1;
+		});
+		// Check should pass.
+		let xt = <UncheckedExtrinsic as Checkable<IdentityLookup<AccountId>>>::check(
+			uxt,
+			&Default::default(),
+		)
+		.unwrap();
+		// Apply the extrinsic.
+		let res = xt.apply::<Runtime>(&uxt_info, uxt_len).unwrap();
+
+		// Asserting the results.
+		assert_eq!(pezframe_system::Account::<Runtime>::get(&alice_account).nonce, initial_nonce + 1);
+		assert_eq!(
+			pezpallet_assets::AssetOwners::<Runtime>::get(42),
+			Some(pezpallet_assets::Owner::<AccountId>::Single(alice_account))
+		);
+		assert!(res.is_ok());
+	});
+}
+
+#[docify::export]
+#[test]
+fn create_coowned_asset_works() {
+	new_test_ext().execute_with(|| {
+		let alice_keyring = Sr25519Keyring::Alice;
+		let bob_keyring = Sr25519Keyring::Bob;
+		let charlie_keyring = Sr25519Keyring::Charlie;
+		let alice_account = AccountId::from(alice_keyring.public());
+		let bob_account = AccountId::from(bob_keyring.public());
+		let charlie_account = AccountId::from(charlie_keyring.public());
+		// Simple call to create asset with Id `42`.
+		let create_asset_call =
+			RuntimeCall::Assets(pezpallet_assets::Call::create_asset { asset_id: 42 });
+		let ext_version: ExtensionVersion = 0;
+		// Create the inner transaction extension, to be signed by our coowners, Alice and Bob.
+		let inner_ext: InnerTxExtension = (
+			pezframe_system::CheckGenesis::<Runtime>::new(),
+			pezframe_system::CheckTxVersion::<Runtime>::new(),
+			pezframe_system::CheckEra::<Runtime>::from(pezsp_runtime::generic::Era::immortal()),
+		);
+		// Create the payload Alice and Bob need to sign.
+		let inner_payload =
+			(&(ext_version, &create_asset_call), &inner_ext, inner_ext.implicit().unwrap());
+		// Create Alice's signature.
+		let alice_inner_sig = MultiSignature::Sr25519(
+			inner_payload.using_encoded(|e| alice_keyring.sign(&pezsp_io::hashing::blake2_256(e))),
+		);
+		// Create Bob's signature.
+		let bob_inner_sig = MultiSignature::Sr25519(
+			inner_payload.using_encoded(|e| bob_keyring.sign(&pezsp_io::hashing::blake2_256(e))),
+		);
+		// Create the transaction extension, to be signed by the submitter of the extrinsic, let's
+		// have it be Charlie.
+		let initial_nonce = 23;
+		let tx_ext = (
+			pezframe_system::CheckNonce::<Runtime>::from(initial_nonce),
+			AuthorizeCoownership::<Runtime, MultiSigner, MultiSignature>::new(
+				(alice_keyring.into(), alice_inner_sig.clone()),
+				(bob_keyring.into(), bob_inner_sig.clone()),
+			),
+			pezframe_system::CheckGenesis::<Runtime>::new(),
+			pezframe_system::CheckTxVersion::<Runtime>::new(),
+			pezframe_system::CheckEra::<Runtime>::from(pezsp_runtime::generic::Era::immortal()),
+		);
+		// Create Charlie's transaction signature, to be used in the top level
+		// `VerifyMultiSignature` extension.
+		let tx_sign = MultiSignature::Sr25519(
+			(&(ext_version, &create_asset_call), &tx_ext, tx_ext.implicit().unwrap())
+				.using_encoded(|e| charlie_keyring.sign(&pezsp_io::hashing::blake2_256(e))),
+		);
+		// Add the signature to the extension.
+		let tx_ext = (
+			VerifySignature::new_with_signature(tx_sign, charlie_account.clone()),
+			pezframe_system::CheckNonce::<Runtime>::from(initial_nonce),
+			AuthorizeCoownership::<Runtime, MultiSigner, MultiSignature>::new(
+				(alice_keyring.into(), alice_inner_sig),
+				(bob_keyring.into(), bob_inner_sig),
+			),
+			pezframe_system::CheckGenesis::<Runtime>::new(),
+			pezframe_system::CheckTxVersion::<Runtime>::new(),
+			pezframe_system::CheckEra::<Runtime>::from(pezsp_runtime::generic::Era::immortal()),
+		);
+		// Create the transaction and we're ready for dispatch.
+		let uxt = UncheckedExtrinsic::new_transaction(create_asset_call, tx_ext);
+		// Check Extrinsic validity and apply it.
+		let uxt_info = uxt.get_dispatch_info();
+		let uxt_len = uxt.using_encoded(|e| e.len());
+		// Manually pay for Charlie's nonce.
+		pezframe_system::Account::<Runtime>::mutate(&charlie_account, |info| {
+			info.nonce = initial_nonce;
+			info.providers = 1;
+		});
+		// Check should pass.
+		let xt = <UncheckedExtrinsic as Checkable<IdentityLookup<AccountId>>>::check(
+			uxt,
+			&Default::default(),
+		)
+		.unwrap();
+		// Apply the extrinsic.
+		let res = xt.apply::<Runtime>(&uxt_info, uxt_len).unwrap();
+
+		// Asserting the results.
+		assert!(res.is_ok());
+		assert_eq!(pezframe_system::Account::<Runtime>::get(charlie_account).nonce, initial_nonce + 1);
+		assert_eq!(
+			pezpallet_assets::AssetOwners::<Runtime>::get(42),
+			Some(pezpallet_assets::Owner::<AccountId>::Double(alice_account, bob_account))
+		);
+	});
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn inner_authorization_works() {
+	new_test_ext().execute_with(|| {
+		let alice_keyring = Sr25519Keyring::Alice;
+		let bob_keyring = Sr25519Keyring::Bob;
+		let charlie_keyring = Sr25519Keyring::Charlie;
+		let charlie_account = AccountId::from(charlie_keyring.public());
+		// Simple call to create asset with Id `42`.
+		let create_asset_call =
+			RuntimeCall::Assets(pezpallet_assets::Call::create_asset { asset_id: 42 });
+		let ext_version: ExtensionVersion = 0;
+		// Create the inner transaction extension, to be signed by our coowners, Alice and Bob. They
+		// are going to sign this transaction as a mortal one.
+		let inner_ext: InnerTxExtension = (
+			pezframe_system::CheckGenesis::<Runtime>::new(),
+			pezframe_system::CheckTxVersion::<Runtime>::new(),
+			// Sign with mortal era check.
+			pezframe_system::CheckEra::<Runtime>::from(pezsp_runtime::generic::Era::mortal(4, 0)),
+		);
+		// Create the payload Alice and Bob need to sign.
+		let inner_payload = (&create_asset_call, &inner_ext, inner_ext.implicit().unwrap());
+		// Create Alice's signature.
+		let alice_inner_sig = MultiSignature::Sr25519(
+			inner_payload.using_encoded(|e| alice_keyring.sign(&pezsp_io::hashing::blake2_256(e))),
+		);
+		// Create Bob's signature.
+		let bob_inner_sig = MultiSignature::Sr25519(
+			inner_payload.using_encoded(|e| bob_keyring.sign(&pezsp_io::hashing::blake2_256(e))),
+		);
+		// Create the transaction extension, to be signed by the submitter of the extrinsic, let's
+		// have it be Charlie.
+		let initial_nonce = 23;
+		let tx_ext = (
+			pezframe_system::CheckNonce::<Runtime>::from(initial_nonce),
+			AuthorizeCoownership::<Runtime, MultiSigner, MultiSignature>::new(
+				(alice_keyring.into(), alice_inner_sig.clone()),
+				(bob_keyring.into(), bob_inner_sig.clone()),
+			),
+			pezframe_system::CheckGenesis::<Runtime>::new(),
+			pezframe_system::CheckTxVersion::<Runtime>::new(),
+			// Construct the transaction as immortal with a different era check.
+			pezframe_system::CheckEra::<Runtime>::from(pezsp_runtime::generic::Era::immortal()),
+		);
+		// Create Charlie's transaction signature, to be used in the top level
+		// `VerifyMultiSignature` extension.
+		let tx_sign = MultiSignature::Sr25519(
+			(&(ext_version, &create_asset_call), &tx_ext, tx_ext.implicit().unwrap())
+				.using_encoded(|e| charlie_keyring.sign(&pezsp_io::hashing::blake2_256(e))),
+		);
+		// Add the signature to the extension that Charlie signed.
+		let tx_ext = (
+			VerifySignature::new_with_signature(tx_sign, charlie_account.clone()),
+			pezframe_system::CheckNonce::<Runtime>::from(initial_nonce),
+			AuthorizeCoownership::<Runtime, MultiSigner, MultiSignature>::new(
+				(alice_keyring.into(), alice_inner_sig),
+				(bob_keyring.into(), bob_inner_sig),
+			),
+			pezframe_system::CheckGenesis::<Runtime>::new(),
+			pezframe_system::CheckTxVersion::<Runtime>::new(),
+			// Construct the transaction as immortal with a different era check.
+			pezframe_system::CheckEra::<Runtime>::from(pezsp_runtime::generic::Era::immortal()),
+		);
+		// Create the transaction and we're ready for dispatch.
+		let uxt = UncheckedExtrinsic::new_transaction(create_asset_call, tx_ext);
+		// Check Extrinsic validity and apply it.
+		let uxt_info = uxt.get_dispatch_info();
+		let uxt_len = uxt.using_encoded(|e| e.len());
+		// Manually pay for Charlie's nonce.
+		pezframe_system::Account::<Runtime>::mutate(charlie_account, |info| {
+			info.nonce = initial_nonce;
+			info.providers = 1;
+		});
+		// Check should pass.
+		let xt = <UncheckedExtrinsic as Checkable<IdentityLookup<AccountId>>>::check(
+			uxt,
+			&Default::default(),
+		)
+		.unwrap();
+		// The extrinsic should fail as the signature for the `AuthorizeCoownership` doesn't work
+		// for the provided payload with the changed transaction mortality.
+		assert_noop!(
+			xt.apply::<Runtime>(&uxt_info, uxt_len),
+			TransactionValidityError::Invalid(InvalidTransaction::Custom(100))
+		);
+	});
+}