feat: Rebrand Polkadot/Substrate references to PezkuwiChain

This commit systematically rebrands various references from Parity Technologies'
Polkadot/Substrate ecosystem to PezkuwiChain within the kurdistan-sdk.

Key changes include:
- Updated external repository URLs (zombienet-sdk, parity-db, parity-scale-codec, wasm-instrument) to point to pezkuwichain forks.
- Modified internal documentation and code comments to reflect PezkuwiChain naming and structure.
- Replaced direct references to  with  or specific paths within the  for XCM, Pezkuwi, and other modules.
- Cleaned up deprecated  issue and PR references in various  and  files, particularly in  and  modules.
- Adjusted image and logo URLs in documentation to point to PezkuwiChain assets.
- Removed or rephrased comments related to external Polkadot/Substrate PRs and issues.

This is a significant step towards fully customizing the SDK for the PezkuwiChain ecosystem.

bizinikiwi/primitives/tracing/src/lib.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,508 @@
+// This file is part of Bizinikiwi.
+
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// 	http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+//! Bizinikiwi tracing primitives and macros.
+//!
+//! To trace functions or individual code in Bizinikiwi, this crate provides [`within_span`]
+//! and [`enter_span`]. See the individual docs for how to use these macros.
+//!
+//! Note that to allow traces from wasm execution environment there are
+//! 2 reserved identifiers for tracing `Field` recording, stored in the consts:
+//! `WASM_TARGET_KEY` and `WASM_NAME_KEY` - if you choose to record fields, you
+//! must ensure that your identifiers do not clash with either of these.
+//!
+//! Additionally, we have a const: `WASM_TRACE_IDENTIFIER`, which holds a span name used
+//! to signal that the 'actual' span name and target should be retrieved instead from
+//! the associated Fields mentioned above.
+//!
+//! Note: The `tracing` crate requires trace metadata to be static. This does not work
+//! for wasm code in bizinikiwi, as it is regularly updated with new code from on-chain
+//! events. The workaround for this is for the wasm tracing wrappers to put the
+//! `name` and `target` data in the `values` map (normally they would be in the static
+//! metadata assembled at compile time).
+
+#![cfg_attr(not(feature = "std"), no_std)]
+
+extern crate alloc;
+
+#[cfg(feature = "std")]
+pub use tracing;
+pub use tracing::{
+	debug, debug_span, error, error_span, event, info, info_span, span, trace, trace_span, warn,
+	warn_span, Level, Span,
+};
+
+#[cfg(feature = "std")]
+pub use tracing_subscriber;
+
+pub use crate::types::{
+	WasmEntryAttributes, WasmFieldName, WasmFields, WasmLevel, WasmMetadata, WasmValue,
+	WasmValuesSet,
+};
+#[cfg(not(bizinikiwi_runtime))]
+pub use crate::types::{WASM_NAME_KEY, WASM_TARGET_KEY, WASM_TRACE_IDENTIFIER};
+
+/// Tracing facilities and helpers.
+///
+/// This is modeled after the `tracing`/`tracing-core` interface and uses that more or
+/// less directly for the native side. Because of certain optimisations the these crates
+/// have done, the wasm implementation diverges slightly and is optimised for that use
+/// case (like being able to cross the wasm/native boundary via scale codecs).
+///
+/// One of said optimisations is that all macros will yield to a `noop` in non-std unless
+/// the `with-tracing` feature is explicitly activated. This allows you to just use the
+/// tracing wherever you deem fit and without any performance impact by default. Only if
+/// the specific `with-tracing`-feature is activated on this crate will it actually include
+/// the tracing code in the non-std environment.
+///
+/// Because of that optimisation, you should not use the `span!` and `span_*!` macros
+/// directly as they yield nothing without the feature present. Instead you should use
+/// `enter_span!` and `within_span!` – which would strip away even any parameter conversion
+/// you do within the span-definition (and thus optimise your performance). For your
+/// convenience you directly specify the `Level` and name of the span or use the full
+/// feature set of `span!`/`span_*!` on it:
+///
+/// # Example
+///
+/// ```rust
+/// pezsp_tracing::enter_span!(pezsp_tracing::Level::TRACE, "fn wide span");
+/// {
+/// 		pezsp_tracing::enter_span!(pezsp_tracing::trace_span!("outer-span"));
+/// 		{
+/// 			pezsp_tracing::enter_span!(pezsp_tracing::Level::TRACE, "inner-span");
+/// 			// ..
+/// 		}  // inner span exists here
+/// 	} // outer span exists here
+///
+/// pezsp_tracing::within_span! {
+/// 		pezsp_tracing::debug_span!("debug-span", you_can_pass="any params");
+///     1 + 1;
+///     // some other complex code
+/// } // debug span ends here
+/// ```
+///
+///
+/// # Setup
+///
+/// This project only provides the macros and facilities to manage tracing
+/// it doesn't implement the tracing subscriber or backend directly – that is
+/// up to the developer integrating it into a specific environment. In native
+/// this can and must be done through the regular `tracing`-facilities, please
+/// see their documentation for details.
+///
+/// On the wasm-side we've adopted a similar approach of having a global
+/// `TracingSubscriber` that the macros call and that does the actual work
+/// of tracking. To provide your tracking, you must implement `TracingSubscriber`
+/// and call `set_tracing_subscriber` at the very beginning of your execution –
+/// the default subscriber is doing nothing, so any spans or events happening before
+/// will not be recorded!
+mod types;
+
+/// Try to init a simple tracing subscriber with log compatibility layer.
+///
+/// Ignores any error. Useful for testing. Uses the default filter for logs.
+///
+/// Related functions:
+/// - [`init_for_tests()`]: Enables `TRACE` level.
+/// - [`test_log_capture::init_log_capture()`]: Captures logs for assertions and/or outputs logs.
+/// - [`capture_test_logs!()`]: A macro for capturing logs within test blocks.
+#[cfg(feature = "std")]
+pub fn try_init_simple() {
+	let _ = tracing_subscriber::fmt()
+		.with_env_filter(tracing_subscriber::EnvFilter::from_default_env())
+		.with_writer(std::io::stderr)
+		.try_init();
+}
+
+/// Init a tracing subscriber for logging in tests.
+///
+/// Be aware that this enables `TRACE` by default. It also ignores any error
+/// while setting up the logger.
+///
+/// The logs are not shown by default, logs are only shown when the test fails
+/// or if [`nocapture`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/commands/cargo-test.html#display-options)
+/// is being used.
+///
+/// Related functions:
+/// - [`try_init_simple()`]: Uses the default filter.
+/// - [`test_log_capture::init_log_capture()`]: Captures logs for assertions and/or outputs logs.
+/// - [`capture_test_logs!()`]: A macro for capturing logs within test blocks.
+#[cfg(feature = "std")]
+pub fn init_for_tests() {
+	let _ = tracing_subscriber::fmt()
+		.with_max_level(tracing::Level::TRACE)
+		.with_test_writer()
+		.try_init();
+}
+
+/// Runs given code within a tracing span, measuring it's execution time.
+///
+/// If tracing is not enabled, the code is still executed. Pass in level and name or
+/// use any valid `pezsp_tracing::Span`followed by `;` and the code to execute,
+///
+/// # Example
+///
+/// ```
+/// pezsp_tracing::within_span! {
+///     pezsp_tracing::Level::TRACE,
+///     "test-span";
+///     1 + 1;
+///     // some other complex code
+/// }
+///
+/// pezsp_tracing::within_span! {
+///     pezsp_tracing::span!(pezsp_tracing::Level::WARN, "warn-span", you_can_pass="any params");
+///     1 + 1;
+///     // some other complex code
+/// }
+///
+/// pezsp_tracing::within_span! {
+///     pezsp_tracing::debug_span!("debug-span", you_can_pass="any params");
+///     1 + 1;
+///     // some other complex code
+/// }
+/// ```
+#[cfg(any(feature = "std", feature = "with-tracing"))]
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! within_span {
+	(
+		$span:expr;
+		$( $code:tt )*
+	) => {
+		$span.in_scope(||
+			{
+				$( $code )*
+			}
+		)
+	};
+	(
+		$lvl:expr,
+		$name:expr;
+		$( $code:tt )*
+	) => {
+		{
+			$crate::within_span!($crate::span!($lvl, $name); $( $code )*)
+		}
+	};
+}
+
+#[cfg(all(not(feature = "std"), not(feature = "with-tracing")))]
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! within_span {
+	(
+		$span:stmt;
+		$( $code:tt )*
+	) => {
+		$( $code )*
+	};
+	(
+		$lvl:expr,
+		$name:expr;
+		$( $code:tt )*
+	) => {
+		$( $code )*
+	};
+}
+
+/// Enter a span - noop for `no_std` without `with-tracing`
+#[cfg(all(not(feature = "std"), not(feature = "with-tracing")))]
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! enter_span {
+	( $lvl:expr, $name:expr ) => {};
+	( $name:expr ) => {}; // no-op
+}
+
+/// Enter a span.
+///
+/// The span will be valid, until the scope is left. Use either level and name
+/// or pass in any valid `pezsp_tracing::Span` for extended usage. The span will
+/// be exited on drop – which is at the end of the block or to the next
+/// `enter_span!` calls, as this overwrites the local variable. For nested
+/// usage or to ensure the span closes at certain time either put it into a block
+/// or use `within_span!`
+///
+/// # Example
+///
+/// ```
+/// pezsp_tracing::enter_span!(pezsp_tracing::Level::TRACE, "test-span");
+/// // previous will be dropped here
+/// pezsp_tracing::enter_span!(
+/// 	pezsp_tracing::span!(pezsp_tracing::Level::DEBUG, "debug-span", params="value"));
+/// pezsp_tracing::enter_span!(pezsp_tracing::info_span!("info-span",  params="value"));
+///
+/// {
+/// 		pezsp_tracing::enter_span!(pezsp_tracing::Level::TRACE, "outer-span");
+/// 		{
+/// 			pezsp_tracing::enter_span!(pezsp_tracing::Level::TRACE, "inner-span");
+/// 			// ..
+/// 		}  // inner span exists here
+/// 	} // outer span exists here
+/// ```
+#[cfg(any(feature = "std", feature = "with-tracing"))]
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! enter_span {
+	( $span:expr ) => {
+		// Calling this twice in a row will overwrite (and drop) the earlier
+		// that is a _documented feature_!
+		let __within_span__ = $span;
+		let __tracing_guard__ = __within_span__.enter();
+	};
+	( $lvl:expr, $name:expr ) => {
+		$crate::enter_span!($crate::span!($lvl, $name))
+	};
+}
+
+#[cfg(feature = "std")]
+pub mod test_log_capture {
+	use std::{
+		io::Write,
+		sync::{Arc, Mutex},
+	};
+	use tracing::level_filters::LevelFilter;
+	use tracing_subscriber::{fmt, fmt::MakeWriter, layer::SubscriberExt, Layer, Registry};
+
+	/// A reusable log capturing struct for unit tests.
+	/// Captures logs written during test execution for assertions.
+	///
+	/// # Examples
+	/// ```
+	/// use pezsp_tracing::test_log_capture::LogCapture;
+	/// use std::io::Write;
+	///
+	/// let mut log_capture = LogCapture::new();
+	/// writeln!(log_capture, "Test log message").unwrap();
+	/// assert!(log_capture.contains("Test log message"));
+	/// ```
+	pub struct LogCapture {
+		buffer: Arc<Mutex<Vec<u8>>>,
+	}
+
+	impl LogCapture {
+		/// Creates a new `LogCapture` instance with an internal buffer.
+		///
+		/// # Examples
+		/// ```
+		/// use pezsp_tracing::test_log_capture::LogCapture;
+		///
+		/// let log_capture = LogCapture::new();
+		/// assert!(log_capture.get_logs().is_empty());
+		/// ```
+		pub fn new() -> Self {
+			LogCapture { buffer: Arc::new(Mutex::new(Vec::new())) }
+		}
+
+		/// Checks if the captured logs contain a specific substring.
+		///
+		/// # Examples
+		/// ```
+		/// use pezsp_tracing::test_log_capture::LogCapture;
+		/// use std::io::Write;
+		///
+		/// let mut log_capture = LogCapture::new();
+		/// writeln!(log_capture, "Hello, world!").unwrap();
+		/// assert!(log_capture.contains("Hello"));
+		/// assert!(!log_capture.contains("Goodbye"));
+		/// ```
+		pub fn contains(&self, expected: &str) -> bool {
+			let logs = self.get_logs();
+			logs.contains(expected)
+		}
+
+		/// Retrieves the captured logs as a `String`.
+		///
+		/// # Examples
+		/// ```
+		/// use pezsp_tracing::test_log_capture::LogCapture;
+		/// use std::io::Write;
+		///
+		/// let mut log_capture = LogCapture::new();
+		/// writeln!(log_capture, "Log entry").unwrap();
+		/// assert_eq!(log_capture.get_logs().trim(), "Log entry");
+		/// ```
+		pub fn get_logs(&self) -> String {
+			let raw_logs = String::from_utf8(self.buffer.lock().unwrap().clone()).unwrap();
+			let ansi_escape = regex::Regex::new(r"\x1B\[[0-9;]*[mK]").unwrap(); // Regex to match ANSI codes
+			ansi_escape.replace_all(&raw_logs, "").to_string() // Remove ANSI codes
+		}
+
+		/// Returns a clone of the internal buffer for use in `MakeWriter`.
+		pub fn writer(&self) -> Self {
+			LogCapture { buffer: Arc::clone(&self.buffer) }
+		}
+	}
+
+	impl Write for LogCapture {
+		/// Writes log data into the internal buffer.
+		fn write(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> std::io::Result<usize> {
+			let mut logs = self.buffer.lock().unwrap();
+			logs.extend_from_slice(buf);
+			Ok(buf.len())
+		}
+
+		/// Flushes the internal buffer (no-op in this implementation).
+		fn flush(&mut self) -> std::io::Result<()> {
+			Ok(())
+		}
+	}
+
+	impl<'a> MakeWriter<'a> for LogCapture {
+		type Writer = Self;
+
+		/// Provides a `MakeWriter` implementation for `tracing_subscriber`.
+		fn make_writer(&'a self) -> Self::Writer {
+			self.writer()
+		}
+	}
+
+	/// Initialises a log capture utility for testing, with optional log printing.
+	///
+	/// This function sets up a `LogCapture` instance to capture logs during test execution.
+	/// It also configures a `tracing_subscriber` with the specified maximum log level
+	/// and a writer that directs logs to `LogCapture`. If `print_logs` is enabled, logs
+	/// up to `max_level` are also printed to the test output.
+	///
+	/// # Arguments
+	///
+	/// * `max_level` - The maximum log level to capture and print, which can be converted into
+	///   `LevelFilter`.
+	/// * `print_logs` - If `true`, logs up to `max_level` will also be printed to the test output.
+	///
+	/// # Returns
+	///
+	/// A tuple containing:
+	/// - `LogCapture`: The log capture instance.
+	/// - `Subscriber`: A configured `tracing_subscriber` that captures logs.
+	///
+	/// # Examples
+	///
+	/// ```
+	/// use pezsp_tracing::{
+	///     test_log_capture::init_log_capture,
+	///     tracing::{info, subscriber, Level},
+	/// };
+	///
+	/// let (log_capture, subscriber) = init_log_capture(Level::INFO, false);
+	/// subscriber::with_default(subscriber, || {
+	///     info!("This log will be captured");
+	///     assert!(log_capture.contains("This log will be captured"));
+	/// });
+	/// ```
+	///
+	/// # Usage Guide
+	///
+	/// - If you only need to **capture logs for assertions** without printing them, use
+	///   `init_log_capture(max_level, false)`.
+	/// - If you need both **capturing and printing logs**, use `init_log_capture(max_level, true)`.
+	/// - If you only need to **print logs** but not capture them, use
+	///   `pezsp_tracing::init_for_tests()`.
+	pub fn init_log_capture(
+		max_level: impl Into<LevelFilter>,
+		print_logs: bool,
+	) -> (LogCapture, impl tracing::Subscriber + Send + Sync) {
+		// Create a new log capture instance
+		let log_capture = LogCapture::new();
+
+		// Convert the max log level into LevelFilter
+		let level_filter = max_level.into();
+
+		// Create a layer for capturing logs into LogCapture
+		let capture_layer = fmt::layer()
+			.with_writer(log_capture.writer()) // Use LogCapture as the writer
+			.with_filter(level_filter); // Set the max log level
+
+		// Base subscriber with log capturing
+		let subscriber = Registry::default().with(capture_layer);
+
+		// If `print_logs` is enabled, add a layer that prints logs to test output up to `max_level`
+		let test_layer = if print_logs {
+			Some(
+				fmt::layer()
+					.with_test_writer() // Direct logs to test output
+					.with_filter(level_filter), // Apply the same max log level filter
+			)
+		} else {
+			None
+		};
+
+		// Combine the log capture subscriber with the test layer (if applicable)
+		let combined_subscriber = subscriber.with(test_layer);
+
+		(log_capture, combined_subscriber)
+	}
+
+	/// Macro for capturing logs during test execution.
+	///
+	/// This macro sets up a log subscriber with a specified maximum log level
+	/// and an option to print logs to the test output while capturing them.
+	///
+	/// # Arguments
+	///
+	/// - `$max_level`: The maximum log level to capture.
+	/// - `$print_logs`: Whether to also print logs to the test output.
+	/// - `$test`: The block of code where logs are captured.
+	///
+	/// # Examples
+	///
+	/// ```
+	/// use pezsp_tracing::{
+	///     capture_test_logs,
+	///     tracing::{info, warn, Level},
+	/// };
+	///
+	/// // Capture logs at WARN level without printing them
+	/// let log_capture = capture_test_logs!(Level::WARN, false, {
+	///     info!("Captured info message");
+	///     warn!("Captured warning");
+	/// });
+	///
+	/// assert!(!log_capture.contains("Captured info message"));
+	/// assert!(log_capture.contains("Captured warning"));
+	///
+	/// // Capture logs at TRACE level and also print them
+	/// let log_capture = capture_test_logs!(Level::TRACE, true, {
+	///     info!("This will be captured and printed");
+	/// });
+	///
+	/// assert!(log_capture.contains("This will be captured and printed"));
+	/// ```
+	///
+	/// # Related functions:
+	/// - [`init_log_capture()`]: Captures logs for assertions.
+	/// - `pezsp_tracing::init_for_tests()`: Outputs logs but does not capture them.
+	#[macro_export]
+	macro_rules! capture_test_logs {
+		// Case when max_level and print_logs are provided
+		($max_level:expr, $print_logs:expr, $test:block) => {{
+			let (log_capture, subscriber) =
+				pezsp_tracing::test_log_capture::init_log_capture($max_level, $print_logs);
+
+			pezsp_tracing::tracing::subscriber::with_default(subscriber, || $test);
+
+			log_capture
+		}};
+
+		// Case when only max_level is provided (defaults to not printing logs)
+		($max_level:expr, $test:block) => {{
+			capture_test_logs!($max_level, false, $test)
+		}};
+
+		// Case when max_level is omitted (defaults to DEBUG, no printing)
+		($test:block) => {{
+			capture_test_logs!(pezsp_tracing::tracing::Level::DEBUG, false, $test)
+		}};
+	}
+}

bizinikiwi/primitives/tracing/src/types.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,669 @@
+// This file is part of Bizinikiwi.
+
+// Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// 	http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+use alloc::{vec, vec::Vec};
+use codec::{Decode, Encode};
+/// Types for wasm based tracing. Loosely inspired by `tracing-core` but
+/// optimised for the specific use case.
+use core::{fmt::Debug, format_args};
+
+/// The Tracing Level – the user can filter by this
+#[derive(Clone, Encode, Decode, Debug)]
+pub enum WasmLevel {
+	/// This is a fatal errors
+	ERROR,
+	/// This is a warning you should be aware of
+	WARN,
+	/// Nice to now info
+	INFO,
+	/// Further information for debugging purposes
+	DEBUG,
+	/// The lowest level, keeping track of minute detail
+	TRACE,
+}
+
+impl From<&tracing_core::Level> for WasmLevel {
+	fn from(l: &tracing_core::Level) -> WasmLevel {
+		match *l {
+			tracing_core::Level::ERROR => WasmLevel::ERROR,
+			tracing_core::Level::WARN => WasmLevel::WARN,
+			tracing_core::Level::INFO => WasmLevel::INFO,
+			tracing_core::Level::DEBUG => WasmLevel::DEBUG,
+			tracing_core::Level::TRACE => WasmLevel::TRACE,
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+impl core::default::Default for WasmLevel {
+	fn default() -> Self {
+		WasmLevel::TRACE
+	}
+}
+
+/// A parameter value provided to the span/event
+#[derive(Encode, Decode, Clone)]
+pub enum WasmValue {
+	U8(u8),
+	I8(i8),
+	U32(u32),
+	I32(i32),
+	I64(i64),
+	U64(u64),
+	Bool(bool),
+	Str(Vec<u8>),
+	/// Debug or Display call, this is most-likely a print-able UTF8 String
+	Formatted(Vec<u8>),
+	/// SCALE CODEC encoded object – the name should allow the received to know
+	/// how to decode this.
+	Encoded(Vec<u8>),
+}
+
+impl core::fmt::Debug for WasmValue {
+	fn fmt(&self, f: &mut core::fmt::Formatter) -> core::fmt::Result {
+		match self {
+			WasmValue::U8(ref i) => f.write_fmt(format_args!("{}_u8", i)),
+			WasmValue::I8(ref i) => f.write_fmt(format_args!("{}_i8", i)),
+			WasmValue::U32(ref i) => f.write_fmt(format_args!("{}_u32", i)),
+			WasmValue::I32(ref i) => f.write_fmt(format_args!("{}_i32", i)),
+			WasmValue::I64(ref i) => f.write_fmt(format_args!("{}_i64", i)),
+			WasmValue::U64(ref i) => f.write_fmt(format_args!("{}_u64", i)),
+			WasmValue::Bool(ref i) => f.write_fmt(format_args!("{}_bool", i)),
+			WasmValue::Formatted(ref i) | WasmValue::Str(ref i) => {
+				if let Ok(v) = core::str::from_utf8(i) {
+					f.write_fmt(format_args!("{}", v))
+				} else {
+					f.write_fmt(format_args!("{:?}", i))
+				}
+			},
+			WasmValue::Encoded(ref v) => {
+				f.write_str("Scale(")?;
+				for byte in v {
+					f.write_fmt(format_args!("{:02x}", byte))?;
+				}
+				f.write_str(")")
+			},
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+impl From<u8> for WasmValue {
+	fn from(u: u8) -> WasmValue {
+		WasmValue::U8(u)
+	}
+}
+
+impl From<&i8> for WasmValue {
+	fn from(inp: &i8) -> WasmValue {
+		WasmValue::I8(*inp)
+	}
+}
+
+impl From<&str> for WasmValue {
+	fn from(inp: &str) -> WasmValue {
+		WasmValue::Str(inp.as_bytes().to_vec())
+	}
+}
+
+impl From<&&str> for WasmValue {
+	fn from(inp: &&str) -> WasmValue {
+		WasmValue::Str((*inp).as_bytes().to_vec())
+	}
+}
+
+impl From<bool> for WasmValue {
+	fn from(inp: bool) -> WasmValue {
+		WasmValue::Bool(inp)
+	}
+}
+
+impl From<core::fmt::Arguments<'_>> for WasmValue {
+	fn from(inp: core::fmt::Arguments<'_>) -> WasmValue {
+		let mut buf = alloc::string::String::default();
+		core::fmt::write(&mut buf, inp).expect("Writing of arguments doesn't fail");
+		WasmValue::Formatted(buf.into_bytes())
+	}
+}
+
+impl From<i8> for WasmValue {
+	fn from(u: i8) -> WasmValue {
+		WasmValue::I8(u)
+	}
+}
+
+impl From<i32> for WasmValue {
+	fn from(u: i32) -> WasmValue {
+		WasmValue::I32(u)
+	}
+}
+
+impl From<&i32> for WasmValue {
+	fn from(u: &i32) -> WasmValue {
+		WasmValue::I32(*u)
+	}
+}
+
+impl From<u32> for WasmValue {
+	fn from(u: u32) -> WasmValue {
+		WasmValue::U32(u)
+	}
+}
+
+impl From<&u32> for WasmValue {
+	fn from(u: &u32) -> WasmValue {
+		WasmValue::U32(*u)
+	}
+}
+
+impl From<u64> for WasmValue {
+	fn from(u: u64) -> WasmValue {
+		WasmValue::U64(u)
+	}
+}
+
+impl From<i64> for WasmValue {
+	fn from(u: i64) -> WasmValue {
+		WasmValue::I64(u)
+	}
+}
+
+/// The name of a field provided as the argument name when constructing an
+/// `event!` or `span!`.
+/// Generally generated automatically via `stringify` from an `'static &str`.
+/// Likely print-able.
+#[derive(Encode, Decode, Clone)]
+pub struct WasmFieldName(Vec<u8>);
+
+impl core::fmt::Debug for WasmFieldName {
+	fn fmt(&self, f: &mut core::fmt::Formatter) -> core::fmt::Result {
+		if let Ok(v) = core::str::from_utf8(&self.0) {
+			f.write_fmt(format_args!("{}", v))
+		} else {
+			for byte in self.0.iter() {
+				f.write_fmt(format_args!("{:02x}", byte))?;
+			}
+			Ok(())
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+impl From<Vec<u8>> for WasmFieldName {
+	fn from(v: Vec<u8>) -> Self {
+		WasmFieldName(v)
+	}
+}
+
+impl From<&str> for WasmFieldName {
+	fn from(v: &str) -> Self {
+		WasmFieldName(v.as_bytes().to_vec())
+	}
+}
+
+/// A list of `WasmFieldName`s in the order provided
+#[derive(Encode, Decode, Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct WasmFields(Vec<WasmFieldName>);
+
+impl WasmFields {
+	/// Iterate over the fields
+	pub fn iter(&self) -> core::slice::Iter<'_, WasmFieldName> {
+		self.0.iter()
+	}
+}
+
+impl From<Vec<WasmFieldName>> for WasmFields {
+	fn from(v: Vec<WasmFieldName>) -> WasmFields {
+		WasmFields(v)
+	}
+}
+
+impl From<Vec<&str>> for WasmFields {
+	fn from(v: Vec<&str>) -> WasmFields {
+		WasmFields(v.into_iter().map(|v| v.into()).collect())
+	}
+}
+
+impl WasmFields {
+	/// Create an empty entry
+	pub fn empty() -> Self {
+		WasmFields(Vec::with_capacity(0))
+	}
+}
+
+impl From<&tracing_core::field::FieldSet> for WasmFields {
+	fn from(wm: &tracing_core::field::FieldSet) -> WasmFields {
+		WasmFields(wm.iter().map(|s| s.name().into()).collect())
+	}
+}
+
+/// A list of `WasmFieldName`s with the given `WasmValue` (if provided)
+/// in the order specified.
+#[derive(Encode, Decode, Clone)]
+pub struct WasmValuesSet(Vec<(WasmFieldName, Option<WasmValue>)>);
+
+impl core::fmt::Debug for WasmValuesSet {
+	fn fmt(&self, f: &mut core::fmt::Formatter) -> core::fmt::Result {
+		let mut wrt = f.debug_struct("");
+		let mut non_str = false;
+		for (f, v) in self.0.iter() {
+			if let Ok(s) = core::str::from_utf8(&f.0) {
+				match v {
+					Some(ref i) => wrt.field(s, i),
+					None => wrt.field(s, &(None as Option<WasmValue>)),
+				};
+			} else {
+				non_str = true;
+			}
+		}
+
+		// FIXME: replace with using `finish_non_exhaustive()` once stable
+		//        https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/67364
+		if non_str {
+			wrt.field("..", &"..");
+		}
+
+		wrt.finish()
+	}
+}
+
+impl From<Vec<(WasmFieldName, Option<WasmValue>)>> for WasmValuesSet {
+	fn from(v: Vec<(WasmFieldName, Option<WasmValue>)>) -> Self {
+		WasmValuesSet(v)
+	}
+}
+impl From<Vec<(&&WasmFieldName, Option<WasmValue>)>> for WasmValuesSet {
+	fn from(v: Vec<(&&WasmFieldName, Option<WasmValue>)>) -> Self {
+		WasmValuesSet(v.into_iter().map(|(k, v)| ((**k).clone(), v)).collect())
+	}
+}
+
+impl From<Vec<(&&str, Option<WasmValue>)>> for WasmValuesSet {
+	fn from(v: Vec<(&&str, Option<WasmValue>)>) -> Self {
+		WasmValuesSet(v.into_iter().map(|(k, v)| ((*k).into(), v)).collect())
+	}
+}
+
+impl WasmValuesSet {
+	/// Create an empty entry
+	pub fn empty() -> Self {
+		WasmValuesSet(Vec::with_capacity(0))
+	}
+}
+
+impl tracing_core::field::Visit for WasmValuesSet {
+	fn record_debug(&mut self, field: &tracing_core::field::Field, value: &dyn Debug) {
+		self.0
+			.push((field.name().into(), Some(WasmValue::from(format_args!("{:?}", value)))))
+	}
+	fn record_i64(&mut self, field: &tracing_core::field::Field, value: i64) {
+		self.0.push((field.name().into(), Some(WasmValue::from(value))))
+	}
+	fn record_u64(&mut self, field: &tracing_core::field::Field, value: u64) {
+		self.0.push((field.name().into(), Some(WasmValue::from(value))))
+	}
+	fn record_bool(&mut self, field: &tracing_core::field::Field, value: bool) {
+		self.0.push((field.name().into(), Some(WasmValue::from(value))))
+	}
+	fn record_str(&mut self, field: &tracing_core::field::Field, value: &str) {
+		self.0.push((field.name().into(), Some(WasmValue::from(value))))
+	}
+}
+/// Metadata provides generic information about the specific location of the
+/// `span!` or `event!` call on the wasm-side.
+#[derive(Encode, Decode, Clone)]
+pub struct WasmMetadata {
+	/// The name given to `event!`/`span!`, `&'static str` converted to bytes
+	pub name: Vec<u8>,
+	/// The given target to `event!`/`span!` – or module-name, `&'static str` converted to bytes
+	pub target: Vec<u8>,
+	/// The level of this entry
+	pub level: WasmLevel,
+	/// The file this was emitted from – useful for debugging;  `&'static str` converted to bytes
+	pub file: Vec<u8>,
+	/// The specific line number in the file – useful for debugging
+	pub line: u32,
+	/// The module path;  `&'static str` converted to bytes
+	pub module_path: Vec<u8>,
+	/// Whether this is a call  to `span!` or `event!`
+	pub is_span: bool,
+	/// The list of fields specified in the call
+	pub fields: WasmFields,
+}
+
+impl From<&tracing_core::Metadata<'_>> for WasmMetadata {
+	fn from(wm: &tracing_core::Metadata<'_>) -> WasmMetadata {
+		WasmMetadata {
+			name: wm.name().as_bytes().to_vec(),
+			target: wm.target().as_bytes().to_vec(),
+			level: wm.level().into(),
+			file: wm.file().map(|f| f.as_bytes().to_vec()).unwrap_or_default(),
+			line: wm.line().unwrap_or_default(),
+			module_path: wm.module_path().map(|m| m.as_bytes().to_vec()).unwrap_or_default(),
+			is_span: wm.is_span(),
+			fields: wm.fields().into(),
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+impl core::fmt::Debug for WasmMetadata {
+	fn fmt(&self, f: &mut core::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> core::fmt::Result {
+		f.debug_struct("WasmMetadata")
+			.field("name", &decode_field(&self.name))
+			.field("target", &decode_field(&self.target))
+			.field("level", &self.level)
+			.field("file", &decode_field(&self.file))
+			.field("line", &self.line)
+			.field("module_path", &decode_field(&self.module_path))
+			.field("is_span", &self.is_span)
+			.field("fields", &self.fields)
+			.finish()
+	}
+}
+
+impl core::default::Default for WasmMetadata {
+	fn default() -> Self {
+		let target = "default".as_bytes().to_vec();
+		WasmMetadata {
+			target,
+			name: Default::default(),
+			level: Default::default(),
+			file: Default::default(),
+			line: Default::default(),
+			module_path: Default::default(),
+			is_span: true,
+			fields: WasmFields::empty(),
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+fn decode_field(field: &[u8]) -> &str {
+	core::str::from_utf8(field).unwrap_or_default()
+}
+
+/// Span or Event Attributes
+#[derive(Encode, Decode, Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct WasmEntryAttributes {
+	/// the parent, if directly specified – otherwise assume most inner span
+	pub parent_id: Option<u64>,
+	/// the metadata of the location
+	pub metadata: WasmMetadata,
+	/// the Values provided
+	pub fields: WasmValuesSet,
+}
+
+impl From<&tracing_core::Event<'_>> for WasmEntryAttributes {
+	fn from(evt: &tracing_core::Event<'_>) -> WasmEntryAttributes {
+		let mut fields = WasmValuesSet(Vec::new());
+		evt.record(&mut fields);
+		WasmEntryAttributes {
+			parent_id: evt.parent().map(|id| id.into_u64()),
+			metadata: evt.metadata().into(),
+			fields,
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+impl From<&tracing_core::span::Attributes<'_>> for WasmEntryAttributes {
+	fn from(attrs: &tracing_core::span::Attributes<'_>) -> WasmEntryAttributes {
+		let mut fields = WasmValuesSet(Vec::new());
+		attrs.record(&mut fields);
+		WasmEntryAttributes {
+			parent_id: attrs.parent().map(|id| id.into_u64()),
+			metadata: attrs.metadata().into(),
+			fields,
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+impl core::default::Default for WasmEntryAttributes {
+	fn default() -> Self {
+		WasmEntryAttributes {
+			parent_id: None,
+			metadata: Default::default(),
+			fields: WasmValuesSet(vec![]),
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+#[cfg(not(bizinikiwi_runtime))]
+mod std_features {
+
+	use tracing_core::callsite;
+
+	/// Static entry use for wasm-originated metadata.
+	pub struct WasmCallsite;
+	impl callsite::Callsite for WasmCallsite {
+		fn set_interest(&self, _: tracing_core::Interest) {
+			unimplemented!()
+		}
+		fn metadata(&self) -> &tracing_core::Metadata<'_> {
+			unimplemented!()
+		}
+	}
+	static CALLSITE: WasmCallsite = WasmCallsite;
+	/// The identifier we are using to inject the wasm events in the generic `tracing` system
+	pub static WASM_TRACE_IDENTIFIER: &str = "wasm_tracing";
+	/// The fieldname for the wasm-originated name
+	pub static WASM_NAME_KEY: &str = "name";
+	/// The fieldname for the wasm-originated target
+	pub static WASM_TARGET_KEY: &str = "target";
+	/// The the list of all static field names we construct from the given metadata
+	pub static GENERIC_FIELDS: &[&str] =
+		&[WASM_TARGET_KEY, WASM_NAME_KEY, "file", "line", "module_path", "params"];
+
+	// Implementation Note:
+	// the original `tracing` crate generates these static metadata entries at every `span!` and
+	// `event!` location to allow for highly optimised filtering. For us to allow level-based
+	// emitting of wasm events we need these static metadata entries to inject into that system. We
+	// then provide generic `From`-implementations picking the right metadata to refer to.
+
+	static SPAN_ERROR_METADATA: tracing_core::Metadata<'static> = tracing::Metadata::new(
+		WASM_TRACE_IDENTIFIER,
+		WASM_TRACE_IDENTIFIER,
+		tracing::Level::ERROR,
+		None,
+		None,
+		None,
+		tracing_core::field::FieldSet::new(
+			GENERIC_FIELDS,
+			tracing_core::identify_callsite!(&CALLSITE),
+		),
+		tracing_core::metadata::Kind::SPAN,
+	);
+
+	static SPAN_WARN_METADATA: tracing_core::Metadata<'static> = tracing::Metadata::new(
+		WASM_TRACE_IDENTIFIER,
+		WASM_TRACE_IDENTIFIER,
+		tracing::Level::WARN,
+		None,
+		None,
+		None,
+		tracing_core::field::FieldSet::new(
+			GENERIC_FIELDS,
+			tracing_core::identify_callsite!(&CALLSITE),
+		),
+		tracing_core::metadata::Kind::SPAN,
+	);
+	static SPAN_INFO_METADATA: tracing_core::Metadata<'static> = tracing::Metadata::new(
+		WASM_TRACE_IDENTIFIER,
+		WASM_TRACE_IDENTIFIER,
+		tracing::Level::INFO,
+		None,
+		None,
+		None,
+		tracing_core::field::FieldSet::new(
+			GENERIC_FIELDS,
+			tracing_core::identify_callsite!(&CALLSITE),
+		),
+		tracing_core::metadata::Kind::SPAN,
+	);
+
+	static SPAN_DEBUG_METADATA: tracing_core::Metadata<'static> = tracing::Metadata::new(
+		WASM_TRACE_IDENTIFIER,
+		WASM_TRACE_IDENTIFIER,
+		tracing::Level::DEBUG,
+		None,
+		None,
+		None,
+		tracing_core::field::FieldSet::new(
+			GENERIC_FIELDS,
+			tracing_core::identify_callsite!(&CALLSITE),
+		),
+		tracing_core::metadata::Kind::SPAN,
+	);
+
+	static SPAN_TRACE_METADATA: tracing_core::Metadata<'static> = tracing::Metadata::new(
+		WASM_TRACE_IDENTIFIER,
+		WASM_TRACE_IDENTIFIER,
+		tracing::Level::TRACE,
+		None,
+		None,
+		None,
+		tracing_core::field::FieldSet::new(
+			GENERIC_FIELDS,
+			tracing_core::identify_callsite!(&CALLSITE),
+		),
+		tracing_core::metadata::Kind::SPAN,
+	);
+
+	static EVENT_ERROR_METADATA: tracing_core::Metadata<'static> = tracing::Metadata::new(
+		WASM_TRACE_IDENTIFIER,
+		WASM_TRACE_IDENTIFIER,
+		tracing::Level::ERROR,
+		None,
+		None,
+		None,
+		tracing_core::field::FieldSet::new(
+			GENERIC_FIELDS,
+			tracing_core::identify_callsite!(&CALLSITE),
+		),
+		tracing_core::metadata::Kind::EVENT,
+	);
+
+	static EVENT_WARN_METADATA: tracing_core::Metadata<'static> = tracing::Metadata::new(
+		WASM_TRACE_IDENTIFIER,
+		WASM_TRACE_IDENTIFIER,
+		tracing::Level::WARN,
+		None,
+		None,
+		None,
+		tracing_core::field::FieldSet::new(
+			GENERIC_FIELDS,
+			tracing_core::identify_callsite!(&CALLSITE),
+		),
+		tracing_core::metadata::Kind::EVENT,
+	);
+
+	static EVENT_INFO_METADATA: tracing_core::Metadata<'static> = tracing::Metadata::new(
+		WASM_TRACE_IDENTIFIER,
+		WASM_TRACE_IDENTIFIER,
+		tracing::Level::INFO,
+		None,
+		None,
+		None,
+		tracing_core::field::FieldSet::new(
+			GENERIC_FIELDS,
+			tracing_core::identify_callsite!(&CALLSITE),
+		),
+		tracing_core::metadata::Kind::EVENT,
+	);
+
+	static EVENT_DEBUG_METADATA: tracing_core::Metadata<'static> = tracing::Metadata::new(
+		WASM_TRACE_IDENTIFIER,
+		WASM_TRACE_IDENTIFIER,
+		tracing::Level::DEBUG,
+		None,
+		None,
+		None,
+		tracing_core::field::FieldSet::new(
+			GENERIC_FIELDS,
+			tracing_core::identify_callsite!(&CALLSITE),
+		),
+		tracing_core::metadata::Kind::EVENT,
+	);
+
+	static EVENT_TRACE_METADATA: tracing_core::Metadata<'static> = tracing::Metadata::new(
+		WASM_TRACE_IDENTIFIER,
+		WASM_TRACE_IDENTIFIER,
+		tracing::Level::TRACE,
+		None,
+		None,
+		None,
+		tracing_core::field::FieldSet::new(
+			GENERIC_FIELDS,
+			tracing_core::identify_callsite!(&CALLSITE),
+		),
+		tracing_core::metadata::Kind::EVENT,
+	);
+
+	// FIXME: this could be done a lot in 0.2 if they opt for using `Cow<str,'static>` instead
+	// 			https://github.com/pezkuwichain/kurdistan-sdk/issues/29
+	impl From<&crate::WasmMetadata> for &'static tracing_core::Metadata<'static> {
+		fn from(wm: &crate::WasmMetadata) -> &'static tracing_core::Metadata<'static> {
+			match (&wm.level, wm.is_span) {
+				(&crate::WasmLevel::ERROR, true) => &SPAN_ERROR_METADATA,
+				(&crate::WasmLevel::WARN, true) => &SPAN_WARN_METADATA,
+				(&crate::WasmLevel::INFO, true) => &SPAN_INFO_METADATA,
+				(&crate::WasmLevel::DEBUG, true) => &SPAN_DEBUG_METADATA,
+				(&crate::WasmLevel::TRACE, true) => &SPAN_TRACE_METADATA,
+				(&crate::WasmLevel::ERROR, false) => &EVENT_ERROR_METADATA,
+				(&crate::WasmLevel::WARN, false) => &EVENT_WARN_METADATA,
+				(&crate::WasmLevel::INFO, false) => &EVENT_INFO_METADATA,
+				(&crate::WasmLevel::DEBUG, false) => &EVENT_DEBUG_METADATA,
+				(&crate::WasmLevel::TRACE, false) => &EVENT_TRACE_METADATA,
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	impl From<crate::WasmEntryAttributes> for tracing::Span {
+		fn from(a: crate::WasmEntryAttributes) -> tracing::Span {
+			let name = core::str::from_utf8(&a.metadata.name).unwrap_or_default();
+			let target = core::str::from_utf8(&a.metadata.target).unwrap_or_default();
+			let file = core::str::from_utf8(&a.metadata.file).unwrap_or_default();
+			let line = a.metadata.line;
+			let module_path = core::str::from_utf8(&a.metadata.module_path).unwrap_or_default();
+			let params = a.fields;
+			let metadata: &tracing_core::metadata::Metadata<'static> = (&a.metadata).into();
+
+			tracing::span::Span::child_of(
+				a.parent_id.map(tracing_core::span::Id::from_u64),
+				metadata,
+				&tracing::valueset! { metadata.fields(), target, name, file, line, module_path, ?params },
+			)
+		}
+	}
+
+	impl crate::WasmEntryAttributes {
+		/// convert the given Attributes to an event and emit it using `tracing_core`.
+		pub fn emit(self: crate::WasmEntryAttributes) {
+			let name = core::str::from_utf8(&self.metadata.name).unwrap_or_default();
+			let target = core::str::from_utf8(&self.metadata.target).unwrap_or_default();
+			let file = core::str::from_utf8(&self.metadata.file).unwrap_or_default();
+			let line = self.metadata.line;
+			let module_path = core::str::from_utf8(&self.metadata.module_path).unwrap_or_default();
+			let params = self.fields;
+			let metadata: &tracing_core::metadata::Metadata<'static> = (&self.metadata).into();
+
+			tracing_core::Event::child_of(
+				self.parent_id.map(tracing_core::span::Id::from_u64),
+				metadata,
+				&tracing::valueset! { metadata.fields(), target, name, file, line, module_path, ?params },
+			)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+#[cfg(not(bizinikiwi_runtime))]
+pub use std_features::*;