Fix key collision for child trie (#4162)

* In progress, runtime io must switch to future proof root +
child_specific (unique id) + u32 type.

* Switch interface, sr-io seems ok, rpc could use similar interface to
sr-io, genesis json broken if there is child trie in existing encoding
genesis.

* test from previous implementation.

* fix proving test.

* Restore Keyspacedb from other branch, only apply to child trie.

* Removing unneeded child_info from child root (child info are stored
if things changed, otherwhise the root does not change).

* Switch rpc to use same format as ext: more future proof.

* use root from child info for trie backend essence.

* Breaking long lines.

* Update doc and clean pr a bit.

* fix error type

* Restore removed doc on merge and update sr-io doc.

* Switch child storage api to use directly unique id, if managed id
where to be put in place, the api will change at this time.

* Clean deprecated host interface from child.

* Removing assertion on child info (can fail depending on root
memoization).

* merging child info in the overlay when possible.

* child iteration by prefix using child_info.

* Using ChainInfo in frame support. ChainInfo gets redesign to avoid
buffers allocation on every calls.

* Add length of root to the data of child info.

* comments

* Encode compact.

* Remove child info with root.

* Fix try_update condition.

* Comment Ext child root caching.

* Replace tuples by struct with field

* remove StorageTuple alias.

* Fix doc tests, and remove StorageOverlay and ChildStorageOverlay
aliases.

substrate/client/rpc-api/src/state/mod.rs

@@ -60,6 +60,8 @@ pub trait StateApi<Hash> {
 	fn child_storage_keys(
 		&self,
 		child_storage_key: StorageKey,
+		child_info: StorageKey,
+		child_type: u32,
 		prefix: StorageKey,
 		hash: Option<Hash>
 	) -> FutureResult<Vec<StorageKey>>;
@@ -69,6 +71,8 @@ pub trait StateApi<Hash> {
 	fn child_storage(
 		&self,
 		child_storage_key: StorageKey,
+		child_info: StorageKey,
+		child_type: u32,
 		key: StorageKey,
 		hash: Option<Hash>
 	) -> FutureResult<Option<StorageData>>;
@@ -78,6 +82,8 @@ pub trait StateApi<Hash> {
 	fn child_storage_hash(
 		&self,
 		child_storage_key: StorageKey,
+		child_info: StorageKey,
+		child_type: u32,
 		key: StorageKey,
 		hash: Option<Hash>
 	) -> FutureResult<Option<Hash>>;
@@ -87,6 +93,8 @@ pub trait StateApi<Hash> {
 	fn child_storage_size(
 		&self,
 		child_storage_key: StorageKey,
+		child_info: StorageKey,
+		child_type: u32,
 		key: StorageKey,
 		hash: Option<Hash>
 	) -> FutureResult<Option<u64>>;