Adds Snowbridge to Rococo runtime (#2522)

# Description Adds Snowbridge to the Rococo bridge hub runtime. Includes config changes required in Rococo asset hub. --------- Co-authored-by: Alistair Singh <alistair.singh7@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: ron <yrong1997@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: Vincent Geddes <vincent.geddes@hey.com> Co-authored-by: claravanstaden <Cats 4 life!>
2026-05-31 09:51:02 +00:00 · 2023-12-21 18:06:36 +02:00
parent 9f5221cc2f
commit 18d53dbf91
151 changed files with 19379 additions and 149 deletions
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+[package]
+name = "snowbridge-core"
+description = "Snowbridge Core"
+version = "0.1.1"
+authors = ["Snowfork <contact@snowfork.com>"]
+edition = "2021"
+license = "Apache-2.0"
+
+[dependencies]
+serde = { version = "1.0.188", optional = true, features = ["alloc", "derive"], default-features = false }
+codec = { package = "parity-scale-codec", version = "3.6.1", default-features = false }
+scale-info = { version = "2.9.0", default-features = false, features = ["derive"] }
+hex-literal = { version = "0.4.1" }
+
+polkadot-parachain-primitives = { path = "../../../../../polkadot/parachain", default-features = false }
+xcm = { package = "staging-xcm", path = "../../../../../polkadot/xcm", default-features = false }
+xcm-builder = { package = "staging-xcm-builder", path = "../../../../../polkadot/xcm/xcm-builder", default-features = false }
+
+frame-support = { path = "../../../../../substrate/frame/support", default-features = false }
+frame-system = { path = "../../../../../substrate/frame/system", default-features = false }
+sp-runtime = { path = "../../../../../substrate/primitives/runtime", default-features = false }
+sp-std = { path = "../../../../../substrate/primitives/std", default-features = false }
+sp-io = { path = "../../../../../substrate/primitives/io", default-features = false }
+sp-core = { path = "../../../../../substrate/primitives/core", default-features = false }
+sp-arithmetic = { path = "../../../../../substrate/primitives/arithmetic", default-features = false }
+
+snowbridge-beacon-primitives = { path = "../../primitives/beacon", default-features = false }
+
+ethabi = { git = "https://github.com/Snowfork/ethabi-decode.git", package = "ethabi-decode", branch = "master", default-features = false }
+
+[dev-dependencies]
+hex = { version = "0.4.3" }
+
+[features]
+default = ["std"]
+std = [
+	"codec/std",
+	"ethabi/std",
+	"frame-support/std",
+	"frame-system/std",
+	"polkadot-parachain-primitives/std",
+	"scale-info/std",
+	"serde/std",
+	"snowbridge-beacon-primitives/std",
+	"sp-arithmetic/std",
+	"sp-core/std",
+	"sp-io/std",
+	"sp-runtime/std",
+	"sp-std/std",
+	"xcm-builder/std",
+	"xcm/std",
+]
+serde = ["dep:serde", "scale-info/serde"]
+runtime-benchmarks = [
+	"frame-support/runtime-benchmarks",
+	"frame-system/runtime-benchmarks",
+	"polkadot-parachain-primitives/runtime-benchmarks",
+	"sp-runtime/runtime-benchmarks",
+	"xcm-builder/runtime-benchmarks",
+]
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2023 Snowfork <hello@snowfork.com>
+//! Types for representing inbound messages
+
+use codec::{Decode, Encode};
+use frame_support::PalletError;
+use scale_info::TypeInfo;
+use sp_core::{H160, H256};
+use sp_runtime::RuntimeDebug;
+use sp_std::vec::Vec;
+
+/// A trait for verifying inbound messages from Ethereum.
+pub trait Verifier {
+	fn verify(event: &Log, proof: &Proof) -> Result<(), VerificationError>;
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Encode, Decode, RuntimeDebug, PalletError, TypeInfo)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", derive(PartialEq))]
+pub enum VerificationError {
+	/// Execution header is missing
+	HeaderNotFound,
+	/// Event log was not found in the verified transaction receipt
+	LogNotFound,
+	/// Event log has an invalid format
+	InvalidLog,
+	/// Unable to verify the transaction receipt with the provided proof
+	InvalidProof,
+}
+
+pub type MessageNonce = u64;
+
+/// A bridge message from the Gateway contract on Ethereum
+#[derive(Clone, Encode, Decode, PartialEq, RuntimeDebug, TypeInfo)]
+pub struct Message {
+	/// Event log emitted by Gateway contract
+	pub event_log: Log,
+	/// Inclusion proof for a transaction receipt containing the event log
+	pub proof: Proof,
+}
+
+const MAX_TOPICS: usize = 4;
+
+#[derive(Clone, RuntimeDebug)]
+pub enum LogValidationError {
+	TooManyTopics,
+}
+
+/// Event log
+#[derive(Clone, Encode, Decode, PartialEq, RuntimeDebug, TypeInfo)]
+pub struct Log {
+	pub address: H160,
+	pub topics: Vec<H256>,
+	pub data: Vec<u8>,
+}
+
+impl Log {
+	pub fn validate(&self) -> Result<(), LogValidationError> {
+		if self.topics.len() > MAX_TOPICS {
+			return Err(LogValidationError::TooManyTopics)
+		}
+		Ok(())
+	}
+}
+
+/// Inclusion proof for a transaction receipt
+#[derive(Clone, Encode, Decode, PartialEq, RuntimeDebug, TypeInfo)]
+pub struct Proof {
+	// The block hash of the block in which the receipt was included.
+	pub block_hash: H256,
+	// The index of the transaction (and receipt) within the block.
+	pub tx_index: u32,
+	// Proof keys and values (receipts tree)
+	pub data: (Vec<Vec<u8>>, Vec<Vec<u8>>),
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2023 Snowfork <hello@snowfork.com>
+//! # Core
+//!
+//! Common traits and types
+#![cfg_attr(not(feature = "std"), no_std)]
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests;
+
+pub mod inbound;
+pub mod operating_mode;
+pub mod outbound;
+pub mod pricing;
+pub mod ringbuffer;
+
+pub use polkadot_parachain_primitives::primitives::{
+	Id as ParaId, IsSystem, Sibling as SiblingParaId,
+};
+pub use ringbuffer::{RingBufferMap, RingBufferMapImpl};
+pub use sp_core::U256;
+
+use codec::{Decode, Encode, MaxEncodedLen};
+use frame_support::traits::Contains;
+use hex_literal::hex;
+use scale_info::TypeInfo;
+use sp_core::H256;
+use sp_io::hashing::keccak_256;
+use sp_runtime::{traits::AccountIdConversion, RuntimeDebug};
+use sp_std::prelude::*;
+use xcm::prelude::{
+	Junction::Parachain,
+	Junctions::{Here, X1},
+	MultiLocation,
+};
+use xcm_builder::{DescribeAllTerminal, DescribeFamily, DescribeLocation, HashedDescription};
+
+/// The ID of an agent contract
+pub type AgentId = H256;
+pub use operating_mode::BasicOperatingMode;
+
+pub use pricing::{PricingParameters, Rewards};
+
+pub fn sibling_sovereign_account<T>(para_id: ParaId) -> T::AccountId
+where
+	T: frame_system::Config,
+{
+	SiblingParaId::from(para_id).into_account_truncating()
+}
+
+pub fn sibling_sovereign_account_raw(para_id: ParaId) -> [u8; 32] {
+	SiblingParaId::from(para_id).into_account_truncating()
+}
+
+pub struct AllowSiblingsOnly;
+impl Contains<MultiLocation> for AllowSiblingsOnly {
+	fn contains(location: &MultiLocation) -> bool {
+		matches!(location, MultiLocation { parents: 1, interior: X1(Parachain(_)) })
+	}
+}
+
+pub fn gwei(x: u128) -> U256 {
+	U256::from(1_000_000_000u128).saturating_mul(x.into())
+}
+
+pub fn meth(x: u128) -> U256 {
+	U256::from(1_000_000_000_000_000u128).saturating_mul(x.into())
+}
+
+pub fn eth(x: u128) -> U256 {
+	U256::from(1_000_000_000_000_000_000u128).saturating_mul(x.into())
+}
+
+pub const ROC: u128 = 1_000_000_000_000;
+
+/// Identifier for a message channel
+#[derive(
+	Clone, Copy, Encode, Decode, PartialEq, Eq, Default, RuntimeDebug, MaxEncodedLen, TypeInfo,
+)]
+pub struct ChannelId([u8; 32]);
+
+/// Deterministically derive a ChannelId for a sibling parachain
+/// Generator: keccak256("para" + big_endian_bytes(para_id))
+///
+/// The equivalent generator on the Solidity side is in
+/// contracts/src/Types.sol:into().
+fn derive_channel_id_for_sibling(para_id: ParaId) -> ChannelId {
+	let para_id: u32 = para_id.into();
+	let para_id_bytes: [u8; 4] = para_id.to_be_bytes();
+	let prefix: [u8; 4] = *b"para";
+	let preimage: Vec<u8> = prefix.into_iter().chain(para_id_bytes).collect();
+	keccak_256(&preimage).into()
+}
+
+impl ChannelId {
+	pub const fn new(id: [u8; 32]) -> Self {
+		ChannelId(id)
+	}
+}
+
+impl From<ParaId> for ChannelId {
+	fn from(value: ParaId) -> Self {
+		derive_channel_id_for_sibling(value)
+	}
+}
+
+impl From<[u8; 32]> for ChannelId {
+	fn from(value: [u8; 32]) -> Self {
+		ChannelId(value)
+	}
+}
+
+impl From<ChannelId> for [u8; 32] {
+	fn from(value: ChannelId) -> Self {
+		value.0
+	}
+}
+
+impl<'a> From<&'a [u8; 32]> for ChannelId {
+	fn from(value: &'a [u8; 32]) -> Self {
+		ChannelId(*value)
+	}
+}
+
+impl From<H256> for ChannelId {
+	fn from(value: H256) -> Self {
+		ChannelId(value.into())
+	}
+}
+
+impl AsRef<[u8]> for ChannelId {
+	fn as_ref(&self) -> &[u8] {
+		&self.0
+	}
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Encode, Decode, RuntimeDebug, MaxEncodedLen, TypeInfo)]
+pub struct Channel {
+	/// ID of the agent contract deployed on Ethereum
+	pub agent_id: AgentId,
+	/// ID of the parachain who will receive or send messages using this channel
+	pub para_id: ParaId,
+}
+
+pub trait StaticLookup {
+	/// Type to lookup from.
+	type Source;
+	/// Type to lookup into.
+	type Target;
+	/// Attempt a lookup.
+	fn lookup(s: Self::Source) -> Option<Self::Target>;
+}
+
+/// Channel for high-priority governance commands
+pub const PRIMARY_GOVERNANCE_CHANNEL: ChannelId =
+	ChannelId::new(hex!("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001"));
+
+/// Channel for lower-priority governance commands
+pub const SECONDARY_GOVERNANCE_CHANNEL: ChannelId =
+	ChannelId::new(hex!("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000002"));
+
+pub struct DescribeHere;
+impl DescribeLocation for DescribeHere {
+	fn describe_location(l: &MultiLocation) -> Option<Vec<u8>> {
+		match (l.parents, l.interior) {
+			(0, Here) => Some(Vec::<u8>::new().encode()),
+			_ => None,
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+/// Creates an AgentId from a MultiLocation. An AgentId is a unique mapping to a Agent contract on
+/// Ethereum which acts as the sovereign account for the MultiLocation.
+pub type AgentIdOf = HashedDescription<H256, (DescribeHere, DescribeFamily<DescribeAllTerminal>)>;
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+use codec::{Decode, Encode, MaxEncodedLen};
+use scale_info::TypeInfo;
+use sp_runtime::RuntimeDebug;
+
+/// Basic operating modes for a bridges module (Normal/Halted).
+#[derive(Encode, Decode, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, RuntimeDebug, TypeInfo, MaxEncodedLen)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize))]
+pub enum BasicOperatingMode {
+	/// Normal mode, when all operations are allowed.
+	Normal,
+	/// The pallet is halted. All non-governance operations are disabled.
+	Halted,
+}
+
+impl Default for BasicOperatingMode {
+	fn default() -> Self {
+		Self::Normal
+	}
+}
+
+impl BasicOperatingMode {
+	pub fn is_halted(&self) -> bool {
+		*self == BasicOperatingMode::Halted
+	}
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,413 @@
+use codec::{Decode, Encode};
+use frame_support::PalletError;
+use scale_info::TypeInfo;
+use sp_arithmetic::traits::{BaseArithmetic, Unsigned};
+use sp_core::{RuntimeDebug, H256};
+pub use v1::{AgentExecuteCommand, Command, Initializer, Message, OperatingMode, QueuedMessage};
+
+/// Enqueued outbound messages need to be versioned to prevent data corruption
+/// or loss after forkless runtime upgrades
+#[derive(Encode, Decode, TypeInfo, Clone, RuntimeDebug)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", derive(PartialEq))]
+pub enum VersionedQueuedMessage {
+	V1(QueuedMessage),
+}
+
+impl TryFrom<VersionedQueuedMessage> for QueuedMessage {
+	type Error = ();
+	fn try_from(x: VersionedQueuedMessage) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+		use VersionedQueuedMessage::*;
+		match x {
+			V1(x) => Ok(x),
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+impl<T: Into<QueuedMessage>> From<T> for VersionedQueuedMessage {
+	fn from(x: T) -> Self {
+		VersionedQueuedMessage::V1(x.into())
+	}
+}
+
+mod v1 {
+	use crate::{pricing::UD60x18, ChannelId};
+	use codec::{Decode, Encode};
+	use ethabi::Token;
+	use scale_info::TypeInfo;
+	use sp_core::{RuntimeDebug, H160, H256, U256};
+	use sp_std::{borrow::ToOwned, vec, vec::Vec};
+
+	/// A message which can be accepted by implementations of `/[`SendMessage`\]`
+	#[derive(Encode, Decode, TypeInfo, Clone, RuntimeDebug)]
+	#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", derive(PartialEq))]
+	pub struct Message {
+		/// ID for this message. One will be automatically generated if not provided.
+		///
+		/// When this message is created from an XCM message, the ID should be extracted
+		/// from the `SetTopic` instruction.
+		///
+		/// The ID plays no role in bridge consensus, and is purely meant for message tracing.
+		pub id: Option<H256>,
+		/// The message channel ID
+		pub channel_id: ChannelId,
+		/// The stable ID for a receiving gateway contract
+		pub command: Command,
+	}
+
+	/// The operating mode of Channels and Gateway contract on Ethereum.
+	#[derive(Copy, Clone, Encode, Decode, PartialEq, Eq, RuntimeDebug, TypeInfo)]
+	pub enum OperatingMode {
+		/// Normal operations. Allow sending and receiving messages.
+		Normal,
+		/// Reject outbound messages. This allows receiving governance messages but does now allow
+		/// enqueuing of new messages from the Ethereum side. This can be used to close off an
+		/// deprecated channel or pause the bridge for upgrade operations.
+		RejectingOutboundMessages,
+	}
+
+	/// A command which is executable by the Gateway contract on Ethereum
+	#[derive(Clone, Encode, Decode, RuntimeDebug, TypeInfo)]
+	#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", derive(PartialEq))]
+	pub enum Command {
+		/// Execute a sub-command within an agent for a consensus system in Polkadot
+		AgentExecute {
+			/// The ID of the agent
+			agent_id: H256,
+			/// The sub-command to be executed
+			command: AgentExecuteCommand,
+		},
+		/// Upgrade the Gateway contract
+		Upgrade {
+			/// Address of the new implementation contract
+			impl_address: H160,
+			/// Codehash of the implementation contract
+			impl_code_hash: H256,
+			/// Optionally invoke an initializer in the implementation contract
+			initializer: Option<Initializer>,
+		},
+		/// Create an agent representing a consensus system on Polkadot
+		CreateAgent {
+			/// The ID of the agent, derived from the `MultiLocation` of the consensus system on
+			/// Polkadot
+			agent_id: H256,
+		},
+		/// Create bidirectional messaging channel to a parachain
+		CreateChannel {
+			/// The ID of the channel
+			channel_id: ChannelId,
+			/// The agent ID of the parachain
+			agent_id: H256,
+			/// Initial operating mode
+			mode: OperatingMode,
+		},
+		/// Update the configuration of a channel
+		UpdateChannel {
+			/// The ID of the channel
+			channel_id: ChannelId,
+			/// The new operating mode
+			mode: OperatingMode,
+		},
+		/// Set the global operating mode of the Gateway contract
+		SetOperatingMode {
+			/// The new operating mode
+			mode: OperatingMode,
+		},
+		/// Transfer ether from an agent contract to a recipient account
+		TransferNativeFromAgent {
+			/// The agent ID
+			agent_id: H256,
+			/// The recipient of the ether
+			recipient: H160,
+			/// The amount to transfer
+			amount: u128,
+		},
+		/// Set token fees of the Gateway contract
+		SetTokenTransferFees {
+			/// The fee(DOT) for the cost of creating asset on AssetHub
+			create_asset_xcm: u128,
+			/// The fee(DOT) for the cost of sending asset on AssetHub
+			transfer_asset_xcm: u128,
+			/// The fee(Ether) for register token to discourage spamming
+			register_token: U256,
+		},
+		/// Set pricing parameters
+		SetPricingParameters {
+			// ETH/DOT exchange rate
+			exchange_rate: UD60x18,
+			// Cost of delivering a message from Ethereum to BridgeHub, in ROC/KSM/DOT
+			delivery_cost: u128,
+		},
+	}
+
+	impl Command {
+		/// Compute the enum variant index
+		pub fn index(&self) -> u8 {
+			match self {
+				Command::AgentExecute { .. } => 0,
+				Command::Upgrade { .. } => 1,
+				Command::CreateAgent { .. } => 2,
+				Command::CreateChannel { .. } => 3,
+				Command::UpdateChannel { .. } => 4,
+				Command::SetOperatingMode { .. } => 5,
+				Command::TransferNativeFromAgent { .. } => 6,
+				Command::SetTokenTransferFees { .. } => 7,
+				Command::SetPricingParameters { .. } => 8,
+			}
+		}
+
+		/// ABI-encode the Command.
+		pub fn abi_encode(&self) -> Vec<u8> {
+			match self {
+				Command::AgentExecute { agent_id, command } =>
+					ethabi::encode(&[Token::Tuple(vec![
+						Token::FixedBytes(agent_id.as_bytes().to_owned()),
+						Token::Bytes(command.abi_encode()),
+					])]),
+				Command::Upgrade { impl_address, impl_code_hash, initializer, .. } =>
+					ethabi::encode(&[Token::Tuple(vec![
+						Token::Address(*impl_address),
+						Token::FixedBytes(impl_code_hash.as_bytes().to_owned()),
+						initializer
+							.clone()
+							.map_or(Token::Bytes(vec![]), |i| Token::Bytes(i.params)),
+					])]),
+				Command::CreateAgent { agent_id } =>
+					ethabi::encode(&[Token::Tuple(vec![Token::FixedBytes(
+						agent_id.as_bytes().to_owned(),
+					)])]),
+				Command::CreateChannel { channel_id, agent_id, mode } =>
+					ethabi::encode(&[Token::Tuple(vec![
+						Token::FixedBytes(channel_id.as_ref().to_owned()),
+						Token::FixedBytes(agent_id.as_bytes().to_owned()),
+						Token::Uint(U256::from((*mode) as u64)),
+					])]),
+				Command::UpdateChannel { channel_id, mode } =>
+					ethabi::encode(&[Token::Tuple(vec![
+						Token::FixedBytes(channel_id.as_ref().to_owned()),
+						Token::Uint(U256::from((*mode) as u64)),
+					])]),
+				Command::SetOperatingMode { mode } =>
+					ethabi::encode(&[Token::Tuple(vec![Token::Uint(U256::from((*mode) as u64))])]),
+				Command::TransferNativeFromAgent { agent_id, recipient, amount } =>
+					ethabi::encode(&[Token::Tuple(vec![
+						Token::FixedBytes(agent_id.as_bytes().to_owned()),
+						Token::Address(*recipient),
+						Token::Uint(U256::from(*amount)),
+					])]),
+				Command::SetTokenTransferFees {
+					create_asset_xcm,
+					transfer_asset_xcm,
+					register_token,
+				} => ethabi::encode(&[Token::Tuple(vec![
+					Token::Uint(U256::from(*create_asset_xcm)),
+					Token::Uint(U256::from(*transfer_asset_xcm)),
+					Token::Uint(*register_token),
+				])]),
+				Command::SetPricingParameters { exchange_rate, delivery_cost } =>
+					ethabi::encode(&[Token::Tuple(vec![
+						Token::Uint(exchange_rate.clone().into_inner()),
+						Token::Uint(U256::from(*delivery_cost)),
+					])]),
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	/// Representation of a call to the initializer of an implementation contract.
+	/// The initializer has the following ABI signature: `initialize(bytes)`.
+	#[derive(Clone, Encode, Decode, PartialEq, RuntimeDebug, TypeInfo)]
+	pub struct Initializer {
+		/// ABI-encoded params of type `bytes` to pass to the initializer
+		pub params: Vec<u8>,
+		/// The initializer is allowed to consume this much gas at most.
+		pub maximum_required_gas: u64,
+	}
+
+	/// A Sub-command executable within an agent
+	#[derive(Clone, Encode, Decode, RuntimeDebug, TypeInfo)]
+	#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", derive(PartialEq))]
+	pub enum AgentExecuteCommand {
+		/// Transfer ERC20 tokens
+		TransferToken {
+			/// Address of the ERC20 token
+			token: H160,
+			/// The recipient of the tokens
+			recipient: H160,
+			/// The amount of tokens to transfer
+			amount: u128,
+		},
+	}
+
+	impl AgentExecuteCommand {
+		fn index(&self) -> u8 {
+			match self {
+				AgentExecuteCommand::TransferToken { .. } => 0,
+			}
+		}
+
+		/// ABI-encode the sub-command
+		pub fn abi_encode(&self) -> Vec<u8> {
+			match self {
+				AgentExecuteCommand::TransferToken { token, recipient, amount } =>
+					ethabi::encode(&[
+						Token::Uint(self.index().into()),
+						Token::Bytes(ethabi::encode(&[
+							Token::Address(*token),
+							Token::Address(*recipient),
+							Token::Uint(U256::from(*amount)),
+						])),
+					]),
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	/// Message which is awaiting processing in the MessageQueue pallet
+	#[derive(Clone, Encode, Decode, RuntimeDebug, TypeInfo)]
+	#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", derive(PartialEq))]
+	pub struct QueuedMessage {
+		/// Message ID
+		pub id: H256,
+		/// Channel ID
+		pub channel_id: ChannelId,
+		/// Command to execute in the Gateway contract
+		pub command: Command,
+	}
+}
+
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", derive(PartialEq, Debug))]
+/// Fee for delivering message
+pub struct Fee<Balance>
+where
+	Balance: BaseArithmetic + Unsigned + Copy,
+{
+	/// Fee to cover cost of processing the message locally
+	pub local: Balance,
+	/// Fee to cover cost processing the message remotely
+	pub remote: Balance,
+}
+
+impl<Balance> Fee<Balance>
+where
+	Balance: BaseArithmetic + Unsigned + Copy,
+{
+	pub fn total(&self) -> Balance {
+		self.local.saturating_add(self.remote)
+	}
+}
+
+impl<Balance> From<(Balance, Balance)> for Fee<Balance>
+where
+	Balance: BaseArithmetic + Unsigned + Copy,
+{
+	fn from((local, remote): (Balance, Balance)) -> Self {
+		Self { local, remote }
+	}
+}
+
+/// A trait for sending messages to Ethereum
+pub trait SendMessage: SendMessageFeeProvider {
+	type Ticket: Clone + Encode + Decode;
+
+	/// Validate an outbound message and return a tuple:
+	/// 1. Ticket for submitting the message
+	/// 2. Delivery fee
+	fn validate(
+		message: &Message,
+	) -> Result<(Self::Ticket, Fee<<Self as SendMessageFeeProvider>::Balance>), SendError>;
+
+	/// Submit the message ticket for eventual delivery to Ethereum
+	fn deliver(ticket: Self::Ticket) -> Result<H256, SendError>;
+}
+
+pub trait Ticket: Encode + Decode + Clone {
+	fn message_id(&self) -> H256;
+}
+
+/// A trait for getting the local costs associated with sending a message.
+pub trait SendMessageFeeProvider {
+	type Balance: BaseArithmetic + Unsigned + Copy;
+
+	/// The local component of the message processing fees in native currency
+	fn local_fee() -> Self::Balance;
+}
+
+/// Reasons why sending to Ethereum could not be initiated
+#[derive(Copy, Clone, Encode, Decode, PartialEq, Eq, RuntimeDebug, PalletError, TypeInfo)]
+pub enum SendError {
+	/// Message is too large to be safely executed on Ethereum
+	MessageTooLarge,
+	/// The bridge has been halted for maintenance
+	Halted,
+	/// Invalid Channel
+	InvalidChannel,
+}
+
+pub trait GasMeter {
+	/// All the gas used for submitting a message to Ethereum, minus the cost of dispatching
+	/// the command within the message
+	const MAXIMUM_BASE_GAS: u64;
+
+	fn maximum_gas_used_at_most(command: &Command) -> u64 {
+		Self::MAXIMUM_BASE_GAS + Self::maximum_dispatch_gas_used_at_most(command)
+	}
+
+	/// Measures the maximum amount of gas a command payload will require to dispatch, AFTER
+	/// validation & verification.
+	fn maximum_dispatch_gas_used_at_most(command: &Command) -> u64;
+}
+
+/// A meter that assigns a constant amount of gas for the execution of a command
+///
+/// The gas figures are extracted from this report:
+/// > forge test --match-path test/Gateway.t.sol --gas-report
+///
+/// A healthy buffer is added on top of these figures to account for:
+/// * The EIP-150 63/64 rule
+/// * Future EVM upgrades that may increase gas cost
+pub struct ConstantGasMeter;
+
+impl GasMeter for ConstantGasMeter {
+	// The base transaction cost, which includes:
+	// 21_000 transaction cost, roughly worst case 64_000 for calldata, and 100_000
+	// for message verification
+	const MAXIMUM_BASE_GAS: u64 = 185_000;
+
+	fn maximum_dispatch_gas_used_at_most(command: &Command) -> u64 {
+		match command {
+			Command::CreateAgent { .. } => 275_000,
+			Command::CreateChannel { .. } => 100_000,
+			Command::UpdateChannel { .. } => 50_000,
+			Command::TransferNativeFromAgent { .. } => 60_000,
+			Command::SetOperatingMode { .. } => 40_000,
+			Command::AgentExecute { command, .. } => match command {
+				// Execute IERC20.transferFrom
+				//
+				// Worst-case assumptions are important:
+				// * No gas refund for clearing storage slot of source account in ERC20 contract
+				// * Assume dest account in ERC20 contract does not yet have a storage slot
+				// * ERC20.transferFrom possibly does other business logic besides updating balances
+				AgentExecuteCommand::TransferToken { .. } => 100_000,
+			},
+			Command::Upgrade { initializer, .. } => {
+				let initializer_max_gas = match *initializer {
+					Some(Initializer { maximum_required_gas, .. }) => maximum_required_gas,
+					None => 0,
+				};
+				// total maximum gas must also include the gas used for updating the proxy before
+				// the the initializer is called.
+				50_000 + initializer_max_gas
+			},
+			Command::SetTokenTransferFees { .. } => 60_000,
+			Command::SetPricingParameters { .. } => 60_000,
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+impl GasMeter for () {
+	const MAXIMUM_BASE_GAS: u64 = 1;
+
+	fn maximum_dispatch_gas_used_at_most(_: &Command) -> u64 {
+		1
+	}
+}
+
+pub const ETHER_DECIMALS: u8 = 18;
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+use codec::{Decode, Encode, MaxEncodedLen};
+use scale_info::TypeInfo;
+use sp_arithmetic::traits::{BaseArithmetic, Unsigned, Zero};
+use sp_core::U256;
+use sp_runtime::{FixedU128, RuntimeDebug};
+use sp_std::prelude::*;
+
+#[derive(Clone, Encode, Decode, PartialEq, RuntimeDebug, MaxEncodedLen, TypeInfo)]
+pub struct PricingParameters<Balance> {
+	/// ETH/DOT exchange rate
+	pub exchange_rate: FixedU128,
+	/// Relayer rewards
+	pub rewards: Rewards<Balance>,
+	/// Ether (wei) fee per gas unit
+	pub fee_per_gas: U256,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Encode, Decode, PartialEq, RuntimeDebug, MaxEncodedLen, TypeInfo)]
+pub struct Rewards<Balance> {
+	/// Local reward in DOT
+	pub local: Balance,
+	/// Remote reward in ETH (wei)
+	pub remote: U256,
+}
+
+#[derive(RuntimeDebug)]
+pub struct InvalidPricingParameters;
+
+impl<Balance> PricingParameters<Balance>
+where
+	Balance: BaseArithmetic + Unsigned + Copy,
+{
+	pub fn validate(&self) -> Result<(), InvalidPricingParameters> {
+		if self.exchange_rate == FixedU128::zero() {
+			return Err(InvalidPricingParameters)
+		}
+		if self.fee_per_gas == U256::zero() {
+			return Err(InvalidPricingParameters)
+		}
+		if self.rewards.local.is_zero() {
+			return Err(InvalidPricingParameters)
+		}
+		if self.rewards.remote.is_zero() {
+			return Err(InvalidPricingParameters)
+		}
+		Ok(())
+	}
+}
+
+/// Holder for fixed point number implemented in <https://github.com/PaulRBerg/prb-math>
+#[derive(Clone, Encode, Decode, RuntimeDebug, TypeInfo)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", derive(PartialEq))]
+pub struct UD60x18(U256);
+
+impl From<FixedU128> for UD60x18 {
+	fn from(value: FixedU128) -> Self {
+		// Both FixedU128 and UD60x18 have 18 decimal places
+		let inner: u128 = value.into_inner();
+		UD60x18(inner.into())
+	}
+}
+
+impl UD60x18 {
+	pub fn into_inner(self) -> U256 {
+		self.0
+	}
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2023 Snowfork <hello@snowfork.com>
+use codec::FullCodec;
+use core::{cmp::Ord, marker::PhantomData, ops::Add};
+use frame_support::storage::{types::QueryKindTrait, StorageMap, StorageValue};
+use sp_core::{Get, GetDefault};
+use sp_runtime::traits::{One, Zero};
+
+/// Trait object presenting the ringbuffer interface.
+pub trait RingBufferMap<Key, Value, QueryKind>
+where
+	Key: FullCodec,
+	Value: FullCodec,
+	QueryKind: QueryKindTrait<Value, GetDefault>,
+{
+	/// Insert a map entry.
+	fn insert(k: Key, v: Value);
+
+	/// Check if map contains a key
+	fn contains_key(k: Key) -> bool;
+
+	/// Get the value of the key
+	fn get(k: Key) -> QueryKind::Query;
+}
+
+pub struct RingBufferMapImpl<Index, B, CurrentIndex, Intermediate, M, QueryKind>(
+	PhantomData<(Index, B, CurrentIndex, Intermediate, M, QueryKind)>,
+);
+
+/// Ringbuffer implementation based on `RingBufferTransient`
+impl<Key, Value, Index, B, CurrentIndex, Intermediate, M, QueryKind>
+	RingBufferMap<Key, Value, QueryKind>
+	for RingBufferMapImpl<Index, B, CurrentIndex, Intermediate, M, QueryKind>
+where
+	Key: FullCodec + Clone,
+	Value: FullCodec,
+	Index: Ord + One + Zero + Add<Output = Index> + Copy + FullCodec + Eq,
+	B: Get<Index>,
+	CurrentIndex: StorageValue<Index, Query = Index>,
+	Intermediate: StorageMap<Index, Key, Query = Key>,
+	M: StorageMap<Key, Value, Query = QueryKind::Query>,
+	QueryKind: QueryKindTrait<Value, GetDefault>,
+{
+	/// Insert a map entry.
+	fn insert(k: Key, v: Value) {
+		let bound = B::get();
+		let mut current_index = CurrentIndex::get();
+
+		// Adding one here as bound denotes number of items but our index starts with zero.
+		if (current_index + Index::one()) >= bound {
+			current_index = Index::zero();
+		} else {
+			current_index = current_index + Index::one();
+		}
+
+		// Deleting earlier entry if it exists
+		if Intermediate::contains_key(current_index) {
+			let older_key = Intermediate::get(current_index);
+			M::remove(older_key);
+		}
+
+		Intermediate::insert(current_index, k.clone());
+		CurrentIndex::set(current_index);
+		M::insert(k, v);
+	}
+
+	/// Check if map contains a key
+	fn contains_key(k: Key) -> bool {
+		M::contains_key(k)
+	}
+
+	/// Get the value associated with key
+	fn get(k: Key) -> M::Query {
+		M::get(k)
+	}
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+use crate::{ChannelId, ParaId};
+use hex_literal::hex;
+
+const EXPECT_CHANNEL_ID: [u8; 32] =
+	hex!("c173fac324158e77fb5840738a1a541f633cbec8884c6a601c567d2b376a0539");
+
+// The Solidity equivalent code is tested in Gateway.t.sol:testDeriveChannelID
+#[test]
+fn generate_channel_id() {
+	let para_id: ParaId = 1000.into();
+	let channel_id: ChannelId = para_id.into();
+	assert_eq!(channel_id, EXPECT_CHANNEL_ID.into());
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+	use frame_support::traits::Contains;
+	use snowbridge_core::AllowSiblingsOnly;
+	use xcm::prelude::{Junction::Parachain, Junctions::X1, MultiLocation};
+
+	#[test]
+	fn allow_siblings_predicate_only_allows_siblings() {
+		let sibling = MultiLocation::new(1, X1(Parachain(1000)));
+		let child = MultiLocation::new(0, X1(Parachain(1000)));
+		assert!(AllowSiblingsOnly::contains(&sibling), "Sibling returns true.");
+		assert!(!AllowSiblingsOnly::contains(&child), "Child returns false.");
+	}
+}