Multiple storage root support (#902)

* Implement a non generic version of child delta trie

* Use delta_trie_root in state_machine

* Expand InMemory backend to support multi-storage

* Create Consolidate trait

* Fix all crate compile and remove unused OverlayedChanges::drain

* Implement child storage root support and overlay changes

* Add child storage reader

* Add child storage writer

* Implement child storage cleaning

* Fix light backend compile

* Add all required ext functions for wasm executor

* Add ext def to io

* Add all io functions

* Fix nostd compile

* Add simple test

* Remove unnecessary vec copy in child_storage_root_transaction

* Use values_mut/for_each to make it shorter

* Use extend to shorter a for loop

* Move record_all_keys to trie so it's easier to generic them later

* space -> tab

* Remove to_owned in debug format

* Clean out all to_owned

* Break debug_trace to multiple lines

* Remove 0..

* UserError copy/paste typo

* Replace Vec::from_raw_parts by slice::from_raw_parts

* Use iter::empty()

* Wrap some long lines

* Wrap a missing line

* Remove unnecessary map

https://github.com/paritytech/substrate/pull/856#discussion_r226222663

* Call ext_free after from_raw_parts

* Fix tests in other crates

substrate/core/client/src/cht.rs

@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ pub fn build_proof<Header, Hasher, I>(
 {
 	let transaction = build_pairs::<Header, I>(cht_size, cht_num, hashes)?
 		.into_iter()
-		.map(|(k, v)| (k, Some(v)))
+		.map(|(k, v)| (None, k, Some(v)))
 		.collect::<Vec<_>>();
 	let storage = InMemoryState::<Hasher>::default().update(transaction);
 	let (value, proof) = prove_read(storage, &encode_cht_key(block_num)).ok()?;
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ pub fn decode_cht_value(value: &[u8]) -> Option<H256> {
 		32 => Some(H256::from_slice(&value[0..32])),
 		_ => None,
 	}
-	
+
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]

substrate/core/client/src/light/backend.rs

@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ impl<Block, S, F, H> StateBackend<H> for OnDemandState<Block, S, F>
 		S: BlockchainStorage<Block>,
 		F: Fetcher<Block>,
 		H: Hasher,
-	
+
 {
 	type Error = ClientError;
 	type Transaction = ();
@@ -227,15 +227,32 @@ impl<Block, S, F, H> StateBackend<H> for OnDemandState<Block, S, F>
 			.into_future().wait()
 	}
 
+	fn child_storage(&self, _storage_key: &[u8], _key: &[u8]) -> ClientResult<Option<Vec<u8>>> {
+		Err(ClientErrorKind::NotAvailableOnLightClient.into())
+	}
+
 	fn for_keys_with_prefix<A: FnMut(&[u8])>(&self, _prefix: &[u8], _action: A) {
 		// whole state is not available on light node
 	}
 
+	fn for_keys_in_child_storage<A: FnMut(&[u8])>(&self, _storage_key: &[u8], _action: A) {
+		// whole state is not available on light node
+	}
+
 	fn storage_root<I>(&self, _delta: I) -> (H::Out, Self::Transaction)
-		where I: IntoIterator<Item=(Vec<u8>, Option<Vec<u8>>)> {
+	where
+		I: IntoIterator<Item=(Vec<u8>, Option<Vec<u8>>)>
+	{
 		(H::Out::default(), ())
 	}
 
+	fn child_storage_root<I>(&self, _key: &[u8], _delta: I) -> (Vec<u8>, Self::Transaction)
+	where
+		I: IntoIterator<Item=(Vec<u8>, Option<Vec<u8>>)>
+	{
+		(H::Out::default().as_ref().to_vec(), ())
+	}
+
 	fn pairs(&self) -> Vec<(Vec<u8>, Vec<u8>)> {
 		// whole state is not available on light node
 		Vec::new()