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Update Node Template (#10710)

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* update node template from downsteam
template version = 4.0.0-dev
rust setup updated

* Update bin/node-template/runtime/Cargo.toml

Co-authored-by: Shawn Tabrizi <shawntabrizi@gmail.com>

* Review Rust setup README

* Apply suggestions from code review

Co-authored-by: Shawn Tabrizi <shawntabrizi@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Sacha Lansky <sacha@parity.io>
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Dan Shields
2022-01-26 15:47:17 -07:00
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substrate/bin/node-template/docs/rust-setup.md
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@@ -2,32 +2,21 @@
title: Installation
---
This page will guide you through the steps needed to prepare a computer for development with the
Substrate Node Template. Since Substrate is built with
[the Rust programming language](https://www.rust-lang.org/), the first thing you will need to do is
prepare the computer for Rust development - these steps will vary based on the computer's operating
system. Once Rust is configured, you will use its toolchains to interact with Rust projects; the
commands for Rust's toolchains will be the same for all supported, Unix-based operating systems.
This guide is for reference only, please check the latest information on getting starting with Substrate
[here](https://docs.substrate.io/v3/getting-started/installation/).
## Unix-Based Operating Systems
This page will guide you through the **2 steps** needed to prepare a computer for **Substrate** development.
Since Substrate is built with [the Rust programming language](https://www.rust-lang.org/), the first
thing you will need to do is prepare the computer for Rust development - these steps will vary based
on the computer's operating system. Once Rust is configured, you will use its toolchains to interact
with Rust projects; the commands for Rust's toolchains will be the same for all supported,
Unix-based operating systems.
## Build dependencies
Substrate development is easiest on Unix-based operating systems like macOS or Linux. The examples
in the Substrate [Tutorials](https://docs.substrate.io/tutorials/v3) and
[How-to Guides](https://docs.substrate.io/how-to-guides/v3) use Unix-style terminals to demonstrate
how to interact with Substrate from the command line.
### macOS
Open the Terminal application and execute the following commands:
```bash
# Install Homebrew if necessary https://brew.sh/
/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install.sh)"
# Make sure Homebrew is up-to-date, install openssl and cmake
brew update
brew install openssl cmake
```
in the [Substrate Docs](https://docs.substrate.io) use Unix-style terminals to demonstrate how to
interact with Substrate from the command line.
### Ubuntu/Debian
@@ -36,7 +25,7 @@ Use a terminal shell to execute the following commands:
```bash
sudo apt update
# May prompt for location information
sudo apt install -y cmake pkg-config libssl-dev git build-essential clang libclang-dev curl
sudo apt install -y git clang curl libssl-dev llvm libudev-dev
```
### Arch Linux
@@ -44,39 +33,193 @@ sudo apt install -y cmake pkg-config libssl-dev git build-essential clang libcla
Run these commands from a terminal:
```bash
pacman -Syu --needed --noconfirm cmake gcc openssl-1.0 pkgconf git clang
export OPENSSL_LIB_DIR="/usr/lib/openssl-1.0"
export OPENSSL_INCLUDE_DIR="/usr/include/openssl-1.0"
pacman -Syu --needed --noconfirm curl git clang
```
### Fedora/RHEL/CentOS
### Fedora
Use a terminal to run the following commands:
Run these commands from a terminal:
```bash
# Update
sudo dnf update
# Install packages
sudo dnf install cmake pkgconfig rocksdb rocksdb-devel llvm git libcurl libcurl-devel curl-devel clang
sudo dnf install clang curl git openssl-devel
```
## Rust Developer Environment
### OpenSUSE
This project uses [`rustup`](https://rustup.rs/) to help manage the Rust toolchain. First install
and configure `rustup`:
Run these commands from a terminal:
```bash
sudo zypper install clang curl git openssl-devel llvm-devel libudev-devel
```
### macOS
> **Apple M1 ARM**
> If you have an Apple M1 ARM system on a chip, make sure that you have Apple Rosetta 2
> installed through `softwareupdate --install-rosetta`. This is only needed to run the
> `protoc` tool during the build. The build itself and the target binaries would remain native.
Open the Terminal application and execute the following commands:
```bash
# Install Homebrew if necessary https://brew.sh/
/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install.sh)"
# Make sure Homebrew is up-to-date, install openssl
brew update
brew install openssl
```
### Windows
**_PLEASE NOTE:_** Native development of Substrate is _not_ very well supported! It is _highly_
recommend to use [Windows Subsystem Linux](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/wsl/install-win10)
(WSL) and follow the instructions for [Ubuntu/Debian](#ubuntudebian).
Please refer to the separate
[guide for native Windows development](https://docs.substrate.io/v3/getting-started/windows-users/).
## Rust developer environment
This guide uses <https://rustup.rs> installer and the `rustup` tool to manage the Rust toolchain.
First install and configure `rustup`:
```bash
# Install
curl https://sh.rustup.rs -sSf | sh
curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh
# Configure
source ~/.cargo/env
```
Finally, configure the Rust toolchain:
Configure the Rust toolchain to default to the latest stable version, add nightly and the nightly wasm target:
```bash
rustup default stable
rustup update
rustup update nightly
rustup update stable
rustup target add wasm32-unknown-unknown --toolchain nightly
```
## Test your set-up
Now the best way to ensure that you have successfully prepared a computer for Substrate
development is to follow the steps in [our first Substrate tutorial](https://docs.substrate.io/tutorials/v3/create-your-first-substrate-chain/).
## Troubleshooting Substrate builds
Sometimes you can't get the Substrate node template
to compile out of the box. Here are some tips to help you work through that.
### Rust configuration check
To see what Rust toolchain you are presently using, run:
```bash
rustup show
```
This will show something like this (Ubuntu example) output:
```text
Default host: x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
rustup home: /home/user/.rustup
installed toolchains
--------------------
stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu (default)
nightly-2020-10-06-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
nightly-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
installed targets for active toolchain
--------------------------------------
wasm32-unknown-unknown
x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
active toolchain
----------------
stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu (default)
rustc 1.50.0 (cb75ad5db 2021-02-10)
```
As you can see above, the default toolchain is stable, and the
`nightly-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu` toolchain as well as its `wasm32-unknown-unknown` target is installed.
You also see that `nightly-2020-10-06-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu` is installed, but is not used unless explicitly defined as illustrated in the [specify your nightly version](#specifying-nightly-version)
section.
### WebAssembly compilation
Substrate uses [WebAssembly](https://webassembly.org) (Wasm) to produce portable blockchain
runtimes. You will need to configure your Rust compiler to use
[`nightly` builds](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/appendix-07-nightly-rust.html) to allow you to
compile Substrate runtime code to the Wasm target.
> There are upstream issues in Rust that need to be resolved before all of Substrate can use the stable Rust toolchain.
> [This is our tracking issue](https://github.com/paritytech/substrate/issues/1252) if you're curious as to why and how this will be resolved.
#### Latest nightly for Substrate `master`
Developers who are building Substrate _itself_ should always use the latest bug-free versions of
Rust stable and nightly. This is because the Substrate codebase follows the tip of Rust nightly,
which means that changes in Substrate often depend on upstream changes in the Rust nightly compiler.
To ensure your Rust compiler is always up to date, you should run:
```bash
rustup update
rustup update nightly
rustup target add wasm32-unknown-unknown --toolchain nightly
```
> NOTE: It may be necessary to occasionally rerun `rustup update` if a change in the upstream Substrate
> codebase depends on a new feature of the Rust compiler. When you do this, both your nightly
> and stable toolchains will be pulled to the most recent release, and for nightly, it is
> generally _not_ expected to compile WASM without error (although it very often does).
> Be sure to [specify your nightly version](#specifying-nightly-version) if you get WASM build errors
> from `rustup` and [downgrade nightly as needed](#downgrading-rust-nightly).
#### Rust nightly toolchain
If you want to guarantee that your build works on your computer as you update Rust and other
dependencies, you should use a specific Rust nightly version that is known to be
compatible with the version of Substrate they are using; this version will vary from project to
project and different projects may use different mechanisms to communicate this version to
developers. For instance, the Polkadot client specifies this information in its
[release notes](https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot/releases).
```bash
# Specify the specific nightly toolchain in the date below:
rustup install nightly-<yyyy-MM-dd>
```
#### Wasm toolchain
Now, configure the nightly version to work with the Wasm compilation target:
```bash
rustup target add wasm32-unknown-unknown --toolchain nightly-<yyyy-MM-dd>
```
### Specifying nightly version
Use the `WASM_BUILD_TOOLCHAIN` environment variable to specify the Rust nightly version a Substrate
project should use for Wasm compilation:
```bash
WASM_BUILD_TOOLCHAIN=nightly-<yyyy-MM-dd> cargo build --release
```
> Note that this only builds _the runtime_ with the specified nightly. The rest of project will be
> compiled with **your default toolchain**, i.e. the latest installed stable toolchain.
### Downgrading Rust nightly
If your computer is configured to use the latest Rust nightly and you would like to downgrade to a
specific nightly version, follow these steps:
```bash
rustup uninstall nightly
rustup install nightly-<yyyy-MM-dd>
rustup target add wasm32-unknown-unknown --toolchain nightly-<yyyy-MM-dd>
```