Storage: Support iterating over NMaps with partial keys (#1079)

* implement partial key iters

* format

* make tests compile

* fix docs and try example

* codegen: Fetch and decode metadata version then fallback (#1092)

* codegen: Fetch and decode metadata version then fallback

Signed-off-by: Alexandru Vasile <alexandru.vasile@parity.io>

* cli: Add `unstable-metadata` attribute to the subxt macro

Signed-off-by: Alexandru Vasile <alexandru.vasile@parity.io>

* docs: Add missing comma

Signed-off-by: Alexandru Vasile <alexandru.vasile@parity.io>

* macro: Add `GenerateRuntimeApi`

Signed-off-by: Alexandru Vasile <alexandru.vasile@parity.io>

* Update subxt/src/lib.rs

Co-authored-by: James Wilson <james@jsdw.me>

* Update macro/src/lib.rs

Co-authored-by: James Wilson <james@jsdw.me>

* subxt: Adjust docs

Signed-off-by: Alexandru Vasile <alexandru.vasile@parity.io>

* cli: Import `GenerateRuntimeApi`

Signed-off-by: Alexandru Vasile <alexandru.vasile@parity.io>

---------

Signed-off-by: Alexandru Vasile <alexandru.vasile@parity.io>
Co-authored-by: James Wilson <james@jsdw.me>

* Bump darling from 0.20.1 to 0.20.3 (#1085)

Bumps [darling](https://github.com/TedDriggs/darling) from 0.20.1 to 0.20.3.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/TedDriggs/darling/releases)
- [Changelog](https://github.com/TedDriggs/darling/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md)
- [Commits](https://github.com/TedDriggs/darling/compare/v0.20.1...v0.20.3)

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* Bump either from 1.8.1 to 1.9.0 (#1084)

Bumps [either](https://github.com/bluss/either) from 1.8.1 to 1.9.0.
- [Commits](https://github.com/bluss/either/compare/1.8.1...1.9.0)

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* Bump clap from 4.3.11 to 4.3.19 (#1083)

Bumps [clap](https://github.com/clap-rs/clap) from 4.3.11 to 4.3.19.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/clap-rs/clap/releases)
- [Changelog](https://github.com/clap-rs/clap/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md)
- [Commits](https://github.com/clap-rs/clap/compare/v4.3.11...v4.3.19)

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* Bump trybuild from 1.0.81 to 1.0.82 (#1082)

Bumps [trybuild](https://github.com/dtolnay/trybuild) from 1.0.81 to 1.0.82.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/dtolnay/trybuild/releases)
- [Commits](https://github.com/dtolnay/trybuild/compare/1.0.81...1.0.82)

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* Prep for 0.30.1 release (#1094)

* Set minimum supported `rust-version` to `1.70` (#1097)

* Bump serde_json from 1.0.103 to 1.0.104 (#1100)

Bumps [serde_json](https://github.com/serde-rs/json) from 1.0.103 to 1.0.104.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/serde-rs/json/releases)
- [Commits](https://github.com/serde-rs/json/compare/v1.0.103...v1.0.104)

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* Bump serde from 1.0.175 to 1.0.179 (#1101)

Bumps [serde](https://github.com/serde-rs/serde) from 1.0.175 to 1.0.179.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/serde-rs/serde/releases)
- [Commits](https://github.com/serde-rs/serde/compare/v1.0.175...v1.0.179)

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* Tests: support 'substrate-node' too and allow multiple binary paths (#1102)

* Support 'substrate-node' too and allow multiple binary paths

* fmt

* clippy

* fix path

* adjust book

* remove the partial iteration example. there was nothing good to show

* revert spaces in changelog

* Support more types in Storage entry constructors  (#1105)

* implement test for type alias being used

* Bump serde from 1.0.179 to 1.0.183 (#1112)

Bumps [serde](https://github.com/serde-rs/serde) from 1.0.179 to 1.0.183.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/serde-rs/serde/releases)
- [Commits](https://github.com/serde-rs/serde/compare/v1.0.179...v1.0.183)

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* Bump regex from 1.9.1 to 1.9.3 (#1110)

Bumps [regex](https://github.com/rust-lang/regex) from 1.9.1 to 1.9.3.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/rust-lang/regex/releases)
- [Changelog](https://github.com/rust-lang/regex/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md)
- [Commits](https://github.com/rust-lang/regex/compare/1.9.1...1.9.3)

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* revert yaml changes

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* Update subxt/src/book/usage/storage.rs

Co-authored-by: James Wilson <james@jsdw.me>

* remove dynamic_iter

* fix example

* format

* add example, adjust book

* Update subxt/src/book/usage/storage.rs

Co-authored-by: Alexandru Vasile <60601340+lexnv@users.noreply.github.com>

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subxt/src/book/usage/storage.rs

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
 //! ```
 //!
 //! As well as accessing specific entries, some storage locations can also be iterated over (such as
-//! the map of account information). To do this, suffix `_root` onto the query constructor (this
+//! the map of account information). To do this, suffix `_iter` onto the query constructor (this
 //! will only be available on static constructors when iteration is actually possible):
 //!
 //! ```rust,no_run
@@ -47,11 +47,25 @@
 //! pub mod polkadot {}
 //!
 //! // A static query capable of iterating over accounts:
-//! let storage_query = polkadot::storage().system().account_root();
+//! let storage_query = polkadot::storage().system().account_iter();
 //! // A dynamic query to do the same:
-//! let storage_query = subxt::dynamic::storage_root("System", "Account");
+//! let storage_query = subxt::dynamic::storage("System", "Account", Vec::<u8>::new());
 //! ```
 //!
+//! Some storage entries are maps with multiple keys. As an example, we might end up with
+//! an API like `runtime::storage().foo().bar(u8, bool, u16, String)` to fetch some entry "bar".
+//! When this is the case, the codegen will generate multiple iterator query functions alongside
+//! the function to fetch an individual value:
+//!
+//! - `runtime::storage().foo().bar(u8, bool, u16, String)`: fetch a single entry from the "bar" map.
+//! - `runtime::storage().foo().bar_iter()`: iterate over all of the entries in the "bar" map.
+//! - `runtime::storage().foo().bar_iter1(u8)`: iterate over all of the entries in the "bar" map under
+//!   a given `u8`.
+//! - `runtime::storage().foo().bar_iter2(u8, bool)`: iterate over all of the entries in the "bar" map under
+//!   a given `u8` and `bool` value.
+//! - `runtime::storage().foo().bar_iter3(u8, bool, u16)`: iterate over all of the entries in the "bar" map under
+//!   a given `u8`, `bool` and `u16` value.
+//!
 //! All valid storage queries implement [`crate::storage::StorageAddress`]. As well as describing
 //! how to build a valid storage query, this trait also has some associated types that determine the
 //! shape of the result you'll get back, and determine what you can do with it (ie, can you iterate
@@ -99,6 +113,13 @@
 #![doc = include_str!("../../../examples/storage_iterating_dynamic.rs")]
 //! ```
 //!
+//! Here is an example of iterating over partial keys. In this example some multi-signature operations
+//! are sent to the node. We can iterate over the pending multisig operations of a single multisig account:
+//!
+//! ```rust,ignore
+#![doc = include_str!("../../../examples/storage_iterating_partial.rs")]
+//! ```
+//!
 //! ### Advanced
 //!
 //! For more advanced use cases, have a look at [`crate::storage::Storage::fetch_raw`] and