Make keystore return None when a key doesn't exist (#8163)

* Make keystore return `None` when a key doesn't exist

* Fixes

* More fixes

* Update comment

* Update primitives/keystore/src/lib.rs

Co-authored-by: André Silva <123550+andresilva@users.noreply.github.com>

* Update client/keystore/src/local.rs

Co-authored-by: André Silva <123550+andresilva@users.noreply.github.com>

* Address comments

* Update client/keystore/src/local.rs

Co-authored-by: André Silva <123550+andresilva@users.noreply.github.com>

Co-authored-by: André Silva <123550+andresilva@users.noreply.github.com>

substrate/bin/node/cli/src/service.rs

@@ -625,9 +625,7 @@ mod tests {
 					sp_consensus_babe::AuthorityId::ID,
 					&alice.to_public_crypto_pair(),
 					&to_sign,
-				).unwrap()
+				).unwrap().unwrap().try_into().unwrap();
-				 .try_into()
-				 .unwrap();
 				let item = <DigestItem as CompatibleDigestItem>::babe_seal(
 					signature,
 				);

substrate/client/authority-discovery/src/worker.rs

@@ -296,10 +296,10 @@ where
 		for (sign_result, key) in signatures.into_iter().zip(keys) {
 			let mut signed_addresses = vec![];
 
-			// sign_with_all returns Result<Signature, Error> signature
-			// is generated for a public key that is supported.
 			// Verify that all signatures exist for all provided keys.
-			let signature = sign_result.map_err(|_| Error::MissingSignature(key.clone()))?;
+			let signature = sign_result.ok()
+				.flatten()
+				.ok_or_else(|| Error::MissingSignature(key.clone()))?;
 			schema::SignedAuthorityAddresses {
 				addresses: serialized_addresses.clone(),
 				signature,

substrate/client/authority-discovery/src/worker/tests.rs

@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ async fn build_dht_event(
 			serialized_addresses.as_slice(),
 		)
 		.await
-		.map_err(|_| Error::Signing)
+		.unwrap()
 		.unwrap();
 
 	let mut signed_addresses = vec![];
@@ -195,9 +195,7 @@ async fn build_dht_event(
 		addresses: serialized_addresses.clone(),
 		signature,
 	}
-	.encode(&mut signed_addresses)
+	.encode(&mut signed_addresses).unwrap();
-		.map_err(Error::EncodingProto)
-		.unwrap();
 
 	let key = hash_authority_id(&public_key.to_raw_vec());
 	let value = signed_addresses;

substrate/client/consensus/aura/src/lib.rs

@@ -255,8 +255,8 @@ where
 		let expected_author = slot_author::<P>(slot, epoch_data);
 		expected_author.and_then(|p| {
 			if SyncCryptoStore::has_keys(
-				 &*self.keystore,
+				&*self.keystore,
-				 &[(p.to_raw_vec(), sp_application_crypto::key_types::AURA)],
+				&[(p.to_raw_vec(), sp_application_crypto::key_types::AURA)],
 			) {
 				Some(p.clone())
 			} else {
@@ -299,6 +299,9 @@ where
 				header_hash.as_ref()
 			).map_err(|e| sp_consensus::Error::CannotSign(
 				public.clone(), e.to_string(),
+			))?
+			.ok_or_else(|| sp_consensus::Error::CannotSign(
+				public.clone(), "Could not find key in keystore.".into(),
 			))?;
 			let signature = signature.clone().try_into()
 				.map_err(|_| sp_consensus::Error::InvalidSignature(

substrate/client/consensus/babe/src/authorship.rs

@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ fn claim_secondary_slot(
 					authority_id.as_ref(),
 					transcript_data,
 				);
-				if let Ok(signature)  = result {
+				if let Ok(Some(signature)) = result {
 					Some(PreDigest::SecondaryVRF(SecondaryVRFPreDigest {
 						slot,
 						vrf_output: VRFOutput(signature.output),
@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ fn claim_primary_slot(
 			authority_id.as_ref(),
 			transcript_data,
 		);
-		if let Ok(signature)  = result {
+		if let Ok(Some(signature)) = result {
 			let public = PublicKey::from_bytes(&authority_id.to_raw_vec()).ok()?;
 			let inout = match signature.output.attach_input_hash(&public, transcript) {
 				Ok(inout) => inout,

substrate/client/consensus/babe/src/lib.rs

@@ -649,6 +649,9 @@ where
 			)
 			.map_err(|e| sp_consensus::Error::CannotSign(
 				public.clone(), e.to_string(),
+			))?
+			.ok_or_else(|| sp_consensus::Error::CannotSign(
+				public.clone(), "Could not find key in keystore.".into(),
 			))?;
 			let signature: AuthoritySignature = signature.clone().try_into()
 				.map_err(|_| sp_consensus::Error::InvalidSignature(

substrate/client/keystore/src/lib.rs

@@ -46,9 +46,6 @@ pub enum Error {
 	/// Public key type is not supported
 	#[display(fmt="Key crypto type is not supported")]
 	KeyNotSupported(KeyTypeId),
-	/// Pair not found for public key and KeyTypeId
-	#[display(fmt="Pair not found for {} public key", "_0")]
-	PairNotFound(String),
 	/// Keystore unavailable
 	#[display(fmt="Keystore unavailable")]
 	Unavailable,
@@ -61,7 +58,6 @@ impl From<Error> for TraitError {
 	fn from(error: Error) -> Self {
 		match error {
 			Error::KeyNotSupported(id) => TraitError::KeyNotSupported(id),
-			Error::PairNotFound(e) => TraitError::PairNotFound(e),
 			Error::InvalidSeed | Error::InvalidPhrase | Error::InvalidPassword => {
 				TraitError::ValidationError(error.to_string())
 			},

substrate/client/keystore/src/local.rs

@@ -60,9 +60,9 @@ impl LocalKeystore {
 
 	/// Get a key pair for the given public key.
 	///
-	/// This function is only available for a local keystore. If your application plans to work with
+	/// Returns `Ok(None)` if the key doesn't exist, `Ok(Some(_))` if the key exists and
-	/// remote keystores, you do not want to depend on it.
+	/// `Err(_)` when something failed.
-	pub fn key_pair<Pair: AppPair>(&self, public: &<Pair as AppKey>::Public) -> Result<Pair> {
+	pub fn key_pair<Pair: AppPair>(&self, public: &<Pair as AppKey>::Public) -> Result<Option<Pair>> {
 		self.0.read().key_pair::<Pair>(public)
 	}
 }
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ impl CryptoStore for LocalKeystore {
 		id: KeyTypeId,
 		key: &CryptoTypePublicPair,
 		msg: &[u8],
-	) -> std::result::Result<Vec<u8>, TraitError> {
+	) -> std::result::Result<Option<Vec<u8>>, TraitError> {
 		SyncCryptoStore::sign_with(self, id, key, msg)
 	}
 
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ impl CryptoStore for LocalKeystore {
 		key_type: KeyTypeId,
 		public: &sr25519::Public,
 		transcript_data: VRFTranscriptData,
-	) -> std::result::Result<VRFSignature, TraitError> {
+	) -> std::result::Result<Option<VRFSignature>, TraitError> {
 		SyncCryptoStore::sr25519_vrf_sign(self, key_type, public, transcript_data)
 	}
 }
@@ -175,28 +175,28 @@ impl SyncCryptoStore for LocalKeystore {
 		id: KeyTypeId,
 		key: &CryptoTypePublicPair,
 		msg: &[u8],
-	) -> std::result::Result<Vec<u8>, TraitError> {
+	) -> std::result::Result<Option<Vec<u8>>, TraitError> {
 		match key.0 {
 			ed25519::CRYPTO_ID => {
 				let pub_key = ed25519::Public::from_slice(key.1.as_slice());
-				let key_pair: ed25519::Pair = self.0.read()
+				let key_pair = self.0.read()
 					.key_pair_by_type::<ed25519::Pair>(&pub_key, id)
 					.map_err(|e| TraitError::from(e))?;
-				Ok(key_pair.sign(msg).encode())
+				key_pair.map(|k| k.sign(msg).encode()).map(Ok).transpose()
 			}
 			sr25519::CRYPTO_ID => {
 				let pub_key = sr25519::Public::from_slice(key.1.as_slice());
-				let key_pair: sr25519::Pair = self.0.read()
+				let key_pair = self.0.read()
 					.key_pair_by_type::<sr25519::Pair>(&pub_key, id)
 					.map_err(|e| TraitError::from(e))?;
-				Ok(key_pair.sign(msg).encode())
+				key_pair.map(|k| k.sign(msg).encode()).map(Ok).transpose()
 			},
 			ecdsa::CRYPTO_ID => {
 				let pub_key = ecdsa::Public::from_slice(key.1.as_slice());
-				let key_pair: ecdsa::Pair = self.0.read()
+				let key_pair = self.0.read()
 					.key_pair_by_type::<ecdsa::Pair>(&pub_key, id)
 					.map_err(|e| TraitError::from(e))?;
-				Ok(key_pair.sign(msg).encode())
+				key_pair.map(|k| k.sign(msg).encode()).map(Ok).transpose()
 			}
 			_ => Err(TraitError::KeyNotSupported(id))
 		}
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ impl SyncCryptoStore for LocalKeystore {
 				 .map(|k| ed25519::Public::from_slice(k.as_slice()))
 				 .collect()
 			})
-    		.unwrap_or_default()
+			.unwrap_or_default()
 	}
 
 	fn ed25519_generate_new(
@@ -278,7 +278,8 @@ impl SyncCryptoStore for LocalKeystore {
 	}
 
 	fn has_keys(&self, public_keys: &[(Vec<u8>, KeyTypeId)]) -> bool {
-		public_keys.iter().all(|(p, t)| self.0.read().key_phrase_by_type(&p, *t).is_ok())
+		public_keys.iter()
+			.all(|(p, t)| self.0.read().key_phrase_by_type(&p, *t).ok().flatten().is_some())
 	}
 
 	fn sr25519_vrf_sign(
@@ -286,16 +287,19 @@ impl SyncCryptoStore for LocalKeystore {
 		key_type: KeyTypeId,
 		public: &Sr25519Public,
 		transcript_data: VRFTranscriptData,
-	) -> std::result::Result<VRFSignature, TraitError> {
+	) -> std::result::Result<Option<VRFSignature>, TraitError> {
 		let transcript = make_transcript(transcript_data);
-		let pair = self.0.read().key_pair_by_type::<Sr25519Pair>(public, key_type)
+		let pair = self.0.read().key_pair_by_type::<Sr25519Pair>(public, key_type)?;
-			.map_err(|e| TraitError::PairNotFound(e.to_string()))?;
 
-		let (inout, proof, _) = pair.as_ref().vrf_sign(transcript);
+		if let Some(pair) = pair {
-		Ok(VRFSignature {
+			let (inout, proof, _) = pair.as_ref().vrf_sign(transcript);
-			output: inout.to_output(),
+			Ok(Some(VRFSignature {
-			proof,
+				output: inout.to_output(),
-		})
+				proof,
+			}))
+		} else {
+			Ok(None)
+		}
 	}
 }
 
@@ -411,36 +415,53 @@ impl KeystoreInner {
 	}
 
 	/// Get the key phrase for a given public key and key type.
-	fn key_phrase_by_type(&self, public: &[u8], key_type: KeyTypeId) -> Result<String> {
+	fn key_phrase_by_type(&self, public: &[u8], key_type: KeyTypeId) -> Result<Option<String>> {
 		if let Some(phrase) = self.get_additional_pair(public, key_type) {
-			return Ok(phrase.clone())
+			return Ok(Some(phrase.clone()))
 		}
 
-		let path = self.key_file_path(public, key_type).ok_or_else(|| Error::Unavailable)?;
+		let path = if let Some(path) = self.key_file_path(public, key_type) {
-		let file = File::open(path)?;
+			path
+		} else {
+			return Ok(None);
+		};
 
-		serde_json::from_reader(&file).map_err(Into::into)
+		if path.exists() {
+			let file = File::open(path)?;
+
+			serde_json::from_reader(&file).map_err(Into::into).map(Some)
+		} else {
+			Ok(None)
+		}
 	}
 
 	/// Get a key pair for the given public key and key type.
-	fn key_pair_by_type<Pair: PairT>(&self,
+	fn key_pair_by_type<Pair: PairT>(
+		&self,
 		public: &Pair::Public,
 		key_type: KeyTypeId,
-	) -> Result<Pair> {
+	) -> Result<Option<Pair>> {
-		let phrase = self.key_phrase_by_type(public.as_slice(), key_type)?;
+		let phrase = if let Some(p) = self.key_phrase_by_type(public.as_slice(), key_type)? {
+			p
+		} else {
+			return Ok(None)
+		};
+
 		let pair = Pair::from_string(
 			&phrase,
 			self.password(),
 		).map_err(|_| Error::InvalidPhrase)?;
 
 		if &pair.public() == public {
-			Ok(pair)
+			Ok(Some(pair))
 		} else {
 			Err(Error::InvalidPassword)
 		}
 	}
 
-	/// Returns the file path for the given public key and key type.
+	/// Get the file path for the given public key and key type.
+	///
+	/// Returns `None` if the keystore only exists in-memory and there isn't any path to provide.
 	fn key_file_path(&self, public: &[u8], key_type: KeyTypeId) -> Option<PathBuf> {
 		let mut buf = self.path.as_ref()?.clone();
 		let key_type = hex::encode(key_type.0);
@@ -481,8 +502,12 @@ impl KeystoreInner {
 	}
 
 	/// Get a key pair for the given public key.
-	pub fn key_pair<Pair: AppPair>(&self, public: &<Pair as AppKey>::Public) -> Result<Pair> {
+	///
-		self.key_pair_by_type::<Pair::Generic>(IsWrappedBy::from_ref(public), Pair::ID).map(Into::into)
+	/// Returns `Ok(None)` if the key doesn't exist, `Ok(Some(_))` if the key exists or `Err(_)` when
+	/// something failed.
+	pub fn key_pair<Pair: AppPair>(&self, public: &<Pair as AppKey>::Public) -> Result<Option<Pair>> {
+		self.key_pair_by_type::<Pair::Generic>(IsWrappedBy::from_ref(public), Pair::ID)
+			.map(|v| v.map(Into::into))
 	}
 }
 
@@ -531,13 +556,40 @@ mod tests {
 		assert!(store.public_keys::<ed25519::AppPublic>().unwrap().is_empty());
 
 		let key: ed25519::AppPair = store.generate().unwrap();
-		let key2: ed25519::AppPair = store.key_pair(&key.public()).unwrap();
+		let key2: ed25519::AppPair = store.key_pair(&key.public()).unwrap().unwrap();
 
 		assert_eq!(key.public(), key2.public());
 
 		assert_eq!(store.public_keys::<ed25519::AppPublic>().unwrap()[0], key.public());
 	}
 
+	#[test]
+	fn has_keys_works() {
+		let temp_dir = TempDir::new().unwrap();
+		let store = LocalKeystore::open(temp_dir.path(), None).unwrap();
+
+		let key: ed25519::AppPair = store.0.write().generate().unwrap();
+		let key2 = ed25519::Pair::generate().0;
+
+		assert!(
+			!SyncCryptoStore::has_keys(&store, &[(key2.public().to_vec(), ed25519::AppPublic::ID)])
+		);
+
+		assert!(
+			!SyncCryptoStore::has_keys(
+				&store,
+				&[
+					(key2.public().to_vec(), ed25519::AppPublic::ID),
+					(key.public().to_raw_vec(), ed25519::AppPublic::ID),
+				],
+			)
+		);
+
+		assert!(
+			SyncCryptoStore::has_keys(&store, &[(key.public().to_raw_vec(), ed25519::AppPublic::ID)])
+		);
+	}
+
 	#[test]
 	fn test_insert_ephemeral_from_seed() {
 		let temp_dir = TempDir::new().unwrap();
@@ -554,7 +606,7 @@ mod tests {
 		drop(store);
 		let store = KeystoreInner::open(temp_dir.path(), None).unwrap();
 		// Keys generated from seed should not be persisted!
-		assert!(store.key_pair::<ed25519::AppPair>(&pair.public()).is_err());
+		assert!(store.key_pair::<ed25519::AppPair>(&pair.public()).unwrap().is_none());
 	}
 
 	#[test]
@@ -569,7 +621,7 @@ mod tests {
 		let pair: ed25519::AppPair = store.generate().unwrap();
 		assert_eq!(
 			pair.public(),
-			store.key_pair::<ed25519::AppPair>(&pair.public()).unwrap().public(),
+			store.key_pair::<ed25519::AppPair>(&pair.public()).unwrap().unwrap().public(),
 		);
 
 		// Without the password the key should not be retrievable
@@ -582,7 +634,7 @@ mod tests {
 		).unwrap();
 		assert_eq!(
 			pair.public(),
-			store.key_pair::<ed25519::AppPair>(&pair.public()).unwrap().public(),
+			store.key_pair::<ed25519::AppPair>(&pair.public()).unwrap().unwrap().public(),
 		);
 	}
 
@@ -626,7 +678,7 @@ mod tests {
 		let store_key_pair = store.key_pair_by_type::<sr25519::AppPair>(
 			&key_pair.public(),
 			SR25519,
-		).expect("Gets key pair from keystore");
+		).expect("Gets key pair from keystore").unwrap();
 
 		assert_eq!(key_pair.public(), store_key_pair.public());
 	}

substrate/primitives/finality-grandpa/src/lib.rs

@@ -400,7 +400,7 @@ where
 		AuthorityId::ID,
 		&public.to_public_crypto_pair(),
 		&encoded[..],
-	).ok()?.try_into().ok()?;
+	).ok().flatten()?.try_into().ok()?;
 
 	Some(grandpa::SignedMessage {
 		message,

substrate/primitives/io/src/lib.rs

@@ -474,8 +474,9 @@ pub trait Crypto {
 		let keystore = &***self.extension::<KeystoreExt>()
 			.expect("No `keystore` associated for the current context!");
 		SyncCryptoStore::sign_with(keystore, id, &pub_key.into(), msg)
-			.map(|sig| ed25519::Signature::from_slice(sig.as_slice()))
 			.ok()
+			.flatten()
+			.map(|sig| ed25519::Signature::from_slice(sig.as_slice()))
 	}
 
 	/// Verify `ed25519` signature.
@@ -600,8 +601,9 @@ pub trait Crypto {
 		let keystore = &***self.extension::<KeystoreExt>()
 			.expect("No `keystore` associated for the current context!");
 		SyncCryptoStore::sign_with(keystore, id, &pub_key.into(), msg)
-			.map(|sig| sr25519::Signature::from_slice(sig.as_slice()))
 			.ok()
+			.flatten()
+			.map(|sig| sr25519::Signature::from_slice(sig.as_slice()))
 	}
 
 	/// Verify an `sr25519` signature.
@@ -646,8 +648,9 @@ pub trait Crypto {
 		let keystore = &***self.extension::<KeystoreExt>()
 			.expect("No `keystore` associated for the current context!");
 		SyncCryptoStore::sign_with(keystore, id, &pub_key.into(), msg)
-			.map(|sig| ecdsa::Signature::from_slice(sig.as_slice()))
 			.ok()
+			.flatten()
+			.map(|sig| ecdsa::Signature::from_slice(sig.as_slice()))
 	}
 
 	/// Verify `ecdsa` signature.

substrate/primitives/keystore/src/lib.rs

@@ -34,9 +34,6 @@ pub enum Error {
 	/// Public key type is not supported
 	#[display(fmt="Key not supported: {:?}", _0)]
 	KeyNotSupported(KeyTypeId),
-	/// Pair not found for public key and KeyTypeId
-	#[display(fmt="Pair was not found: {}", _0)]
-	PairNotFound(String),
 	/// Validation error
 	#[display(fmt="Validation error: {}", _0)]
 	ValidationError(String),
@@ -125,37 +122,39 @@ pub trait CryptoStore: Send + Sync {
 	/// Signs a message with the private key that matches
 	/// the public key passed.
 	///
-	/// Returns the SCALE encoded signature if key is found & supported,
+	/// Returns the SCALE encoded signature if key is found and supported, `None` if the key doesn't
-	/// an error otherwise.
+	/// exist or an error when something failed.
 	async fn sign_with(
 		&self,
 		id: KeyTypeId,
 		key: &CryptoTypePublicPair,
 		msg: &[u8],
-	) -> Result<Vec<u8>, Error>;
+	) -> Result<Option<Vec<u8>>, Error>;
 
 	/// Sign with any key
 	///
 	/// Given a list of public keys, find the first supported key and
 	/// sign the provided message with that key.
 	///
-	/// Returns a tuple of the used key and the SCALE encoded signature.
+	/// Returns a tuple of the used key and the SCALE encoded signature or `None` if no key could
+	/// be found to sign.
 	async fn sign_with_any(
 		&self,
 		id: KeyTypeId,
 		keys: Vec<CryptoTypePublicPair>,
 		msg: &[u8]
-	) -> Result<(CryptoTypePublicPair, Vec<u8>), Error> {
+	) -> Result<Option<(CryptoTypePublicPair, Vec<u8>)>, Error> {
 		if keys.len() == 1 {
-			return self.sign_with(id, &keys[0], msg).await.map(|s| (keys[0].clone(), s));
+			return Ok(self.sign_with(id, &keys[0], msg).await?.map(|s| (keys[0].clone(), s)));
 		} else {
 			for k in self.supported_keys(id, keys).await? {
-				if let Ok(sign) = self.sign_with(id, &k, msg).await {
+				if let Ok(Some(sign)) = self.sign_with(id, &k, msg).await {
-					return Ok((k, sign));
+					return Ok(Some((k, sign)));
 				}
 			}
 		}
-		Err(Error::KeyNotSupported(id))
+
+		Ok(None)
 	}
 
 	/// Sign with all keys
@@ -164,13 +163,13 @@ pub trait CryptoStore: Send + Sync {
 	/// each key given that the key is supported.
 	///
 	/// Returns a list of `Result`s each representing the SCALE encoded
-	/// signature of each key or a Error for non-supported keys.
+	/// signature of each key, `None` if the key doesn't exist or a error when something failed.
 	async fn sign_with_all(
 		&self,
 		id: KeyTypeId,
 		keys: Vec<CryptoTypePublicPair>,
 		msg: &[u8],
-	) -> Result<Vec<Result<Vec<u8>, Error>>, ()> {
+	) -> Result<Vec<Result<Option<Vec<u8>>, Error>>, ()> {
 		let futs = keys.iter()
 			.map(|k| self.sign_with(id, k, msg));
 
@@ -187,16 +186,14 @@ pub trait CryptoStore: Send + Sync {
 	/// Namely, VRFOutput and VRFProof which are returned
 	/// inside the `VRFSignature` container struct.
 	///
-	/// This function will return an error in the cases where
+	/// This function will return `None` if the given `key_type` and `public` combination
-	/// the public key and key type provided do not match a private
+	/// doesn't exist in the keystore or an `Err` when something failed.
-	/// key in the keystore. Or, in the context of remote signing
-	/// an error could be a network one.
 	async fn sr25519_vrf_sign(
 		&self,
 		key_type: KeyTypeId,
 		public: &sr25519::Public,
 		transcript_data: VRFTranscriptData,
-	) -> Result<VRFSignature, Error>;
+	) -> Result<Option<VRFSignature>, Error>;
 }
 
 /// Sync version of the CryptoStore
@@ -285,37 +282,41 @@ pub trait SyncCryptoStore: CryptoStore + Send + Sync {
 	/// Signs a message with the private key that matches
 	/// the public key passed.
 	///
-	/// Returns the SCALE encoded signature if key is found & supported,
+	/// Returns the SCALE encoded signature if key is found and supported, `None` if the key doesn't
-	/// an error otherwise.
+	/// exist or an error when something failed.
 	fn sign_with(
 		&self,
 		id: KeyTypeId,
 		key: &CryptoTypePublicPair,
 		msg: &[u8],
-	) -> Result<Vec<u8>, Error>;
+	) -> Result<Option<Vec<u8>>, Error>;
 
 	/// Sign with any key
 	///
 	/// Given a list of public keys, find the first supported key and
 	/// sign the provided message with that key.
 	///
-	/// Returns a tuple of the used key and the SCALE encoded signature.
+	/// Returns a tuple of the used key and the SCALE encoded signature or `None` if no key could
+	/// be found to sign.
 	fn sign_with_any(
 		&self,
 		id: KeyTypeId,
 		keys: Vec<CryptoTypePublicPair>,
 		msg: &[u8]
-	) -> Result<(CryptoTypePublicPair, Vec<u8>), Error> {
+	) -> Result<Option<(CryptoTypePublicPair, Vec<u8>)>, Error> {
 		if keys.len() == 1 {
-			return SyncCryptoStore::sign_with(self, id, &keys[0], msg).map(|s| (keys[0].clone(), s));
+			return Ok(
+				SyncCryptoStore::sign_with(self, id, &keys[0], msg)?.map(|s| (keys[0].clone(), s)),
+			)
 		} else {
 			for k in SyncCryptoStore::supported_keys(self, id, keys)? {
-				if let Ok(sign) = SyncCryptoStore::sign_with(self, id, &k, msg) {
+				if let Ok(Some(sign)) = SyncCryptoStore::sign_with(self, id, &k, msg) {
-					return Ok((k, sign));
+					return Ok(Some((k, sign)));
 				}
 			}
 		}
-		Err(Error::KeyNotSupported(id))
+
+		Ok(None)
 	}
 
 	/// Sign with all keys
@@ -324,13 +325,13 @@ pub trait SyncCryptoStore: CryptoStore + Send + Sync {
 	/// each key given that the key is supported.
 	///
 	/// Returns a list of `Result`s each representing the SCALE encoded
-	/// signature of each key or a Error for non-supported keys.
+	/// signature of each key, `None` if the key doesn't exist or an error when something failed.
 	fn sign_with_all(
 		&self,
 		id: KeyTypeId,
 		keys: Vec<CryptoTypePublicPair>,
 		msg: &[u8],
-	) -> Result<Vec<Result<Vec<u8>, Error>>, ()>{
+	) -> Result<Vec<Result<Option<Vec<u8>>, Error>>, ()> {
 		Ok(keys.iter().map(|k| SyncCryptoStore::sign_with(self, id, k, msg)).collect())
 	}
 
@@ -344,16 +345,14 @@ pub trait SyncCryptoStore: CryptoStore + Send + Sync {
 	/// Namely, VRFOutput and VRFProof which are returned
 	/// inside the `VRFSignature` container struct.
 	///
-	/// This function will return an error in the cases where
+	/// This function will return `None` if the given `key_type` and `public` combination
-	/// the public key and key type provided do not match a private
+	/// doesn't exist in the keystore or an `Err` when something failed.
-	/// key in the keystore. Or, in the context of remote signing
-	/// an error could be a network one.
 	fn sr25519_vrf_sign(
 		&self,
 		key_type: KeyTypeId,
 		public: &sr25519::Public,
 		transcript_data: VRFTranscriptData,
-	) -> Result<VRFSignature, Error>;
+	) -> Result<Option<VRFSignature>, Error>;
 }
 
 /// A pointer to a keystore.

substrate/primitives/keystore/src/testing.rs

@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ impl CryptoStore for KeyStore {
 		id: KeyTypeId,
 		key: &CryptoTypePublicPair,
 		msg: &[u8],
-	) -> Result<Vec<u8>, Error> {
+	) -> Result<Option<Vec<u8>>, Error> {
 		SyncCryptoStore::sign_with(self, id, key, msg)
 	}
 
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ impl CryptoStore for KeyStore {
 		key_type: KeyTypeId,
 		public: &sr25519::Public,
 		transcript_data: VRFTranscriptData,
-	) -> Result<VRFSignature, Error> {
+	) -> Result<Option<VRFSignature>, Error> {
 		SyncCryptoStore::sr25519_vrf_sign(self, key_type, public, transcript_data)
 	}
 }
@@ -280,27 +280,27 @@ impl SyncCryptoStore for KeyStore {
 		id: KeyTypeId,
 		key: &CryptoTypePublicPair,
 		msg: &[u8],
-	) -> Result<Vec<u8>, Error> {
+	) -> Result<Option<Vec<u8>>, Error> {
 		use codec::Encode;
 
 		match key.0 {
 			ed25519::CRYPTO_ID => {
-				let key_pair: ed25519::Pair = self
+				let key_pair = self
-					.ed25519_key_pair(id, &ed25519::Public::from_slice(key.1.as_slice()))
+					.ed25519_key_pair(id, &ed25519::Public::from_slice(key.1.as_slice()));
-					.ok_or_else(|| Error::PairNotFound("ed25519".to_owned()))?;
+
-				return Ok(key_pair.sign(msg).encode());
+				key_pair.map(|k| k.sign(msg).encode()).map(Ok).transpose()
 			}
 			sr25519::CRYPTO_ID => {
-				let key_pair: sr25519::Pair = self
+				let key_pair = self
-					.sr25519_key_pair(id, &sr25519::Public::from_slice(key.1.as_slice()))
+					.sr25519_key_pair(id, &sr25519::Public::from_slice(key.1.as_slice()));
-					.ok_or_else(|| Error::PairNotFound("sr25519".to_owned()))?;
+
-				return Ok(key_pair.sign(msg).encode());
+				key_pair.map(|k| k.sign(msg).encode()).map(Ok).transpose()
 			}
 			ecdsa::CRYPTO_ID => {
-				let key_pair: ecdsa::Pair = self
+				let key_pair = self
-					.ecdsa_key_pair(id, &ecdsa::Public::from_slice(key.1.as_slice()))
+					.ecdsa_key_pair(id, &ecdsa::Public::from_slice(key.1.as_slice()));
-					.ok_or_else(|| Error::PairNotFound("ecdsa".to_owned()))?;
+
-				return Ok(key_pair.sign(msg).encode());
+				key_pair.map(|k| k.sign(msg).encode()).map(Ok).transpose()
 			}
 			_ => Err(Error::KeyNotSupported(id))
 		}
@@ -311,15 +311,19 @@ impl SyncCryptoStore for KeyStore {
 		key_type: KeyTypeId,
 		public: &sr25519::Public,
 		transcript_data: VRFTranscriptData,
-	) -> Result<VRFSignature, Error> {
+	) -> Result<Option<VRFSignature>, Error> {
 		let transcript = make_transcript(transcript_data);
-		let pair = self.sr25519_key_pair(key_type, public)
+		let pair = if let Some(k) = self.sr25519_key_pair(key_type, public) {
-			.ok_or_else(|| Error::PairNotFound("Not found".to_owned()))?;
+			k
+		} else {
+			return Ok(None)
+		};
+
 		let (inout, proof, _) = pair.as_ref().vrf_sign(transcript);
-		Ok(VRFSignature {
+		Ok(Some(VRFSignature {
 			output: inout.to_output(),
 			proof,
-		})
+		}))
 	}
 }
 
@@ -394,7 +398,7 @@ mod tests {
 			&key_pair.public(),
 			transcript_data.clone(),
 		);
-		assert!(result.is_err());
+		assert!(result.unwrap().is_none());
 
 		SyncCryptoStore::insert_unknown(
 			&store,
@@ -410,6 +414,6 @@ mod tests {
 			transcript_data,
 		);
 
-		assert!(result.is_ok());
+		assert!(result.unwrap().is_some());
 	}
 }