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Downstream node-template pull (#9915)
* downstream node template pull: README updated, add shell.nix * consistant cargo.toml style * Update bin/node-template/shell.nix Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <bkchr@users.noreply.github.com>
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# Substrate Node Template
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[](https://playground.substrate.dev/?deploy=node-template) [](https://matrix.to/#/#substrate-technical:matrix.org)
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A fresh FRAME-based [Substrate](https://www.substrate.io/) node, ready for hacking :rocket:
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## Getting Started
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Follow these steps to get started with the Node Template :hammer_and_wrench:
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Follow the steps below to get started with the Node Template, or get it up and running right from
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your browser in just a few clicks using [Playground](https://playground.substrate.dev/)
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:hammer_and_wrench:
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### Using Nix
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Install [nix](https://nixos.org/) and optionally [direnv](https://github.com/direnv/direnv) and
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[lorri](https://github.com/target/lorri) for a fully plug and play experience for setting up the
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development environment. To get all the correct dependencies activate direnv `direnv allow` and
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lorri `lorri shell`.
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### Rust Setup
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RUST_BACKTRACE=1 ./target/release/node-template -ldebug --dev
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```
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### Connect with Polkadot-JS Apps Front-end
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Once the node template is running locally, you can connect it with **Polkadot-JS Apps** front-end
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to interact with your chain. [Click
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here](https://polkadot.js.org/apps/#/explorer?rpc=ws://localhost:9944) connecting the Apps to your
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local node template.
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### Multi-Node Local Testnet
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If you want to see the multi-node consensus algorithm in action, refer to
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[our Start a Private Network tutorial](https://substrate.dev/docs/en/tutorials/start-a-private-network/).
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If you want to see the multi-node consensus algorithm in action, refer to our
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[Start a Private Network tutorial](https://substrate.dev/docs/en/tutorials/start-a-private-network/).
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## Template Structure
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@@ -77,34 +95,34 @@ directories.
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A blockchain node is an application that allows users to participate in a blockchain network.
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Substrate-based blockchain nodes expose a number of capabilities:
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- Networking: Substrate nodes use the [`libp2p`](https://libp2p.io/) networking stack to allow the
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nodes in the network to communicate with one another.
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- Consensus: Blockchains must have a way to come to
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[consensus](https://substrate.dev/docs/en/knowledgebase/advanced/consensus) on the state of the
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network. Substrate makes it possible to supply custom consensus engines and also ships with
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several consensus mechanisms that have been built on top of
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[Web3 Foundation research](https://research.web3.foundation/en/latest/polkadot/NPoS/index.html).
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- RPC Server: A remote procedure call (RPC) server is used to interact with Substrate nodes.
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- Networking: Substrate nodes use the [`libp2p`](https://libp2p.io/) networking stack to allow the
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nodes in the network to communicate with one another.
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- Consensus: Blockchains must have a way to come to
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[consensus](https://substrate.dev/docs/en/knowledgebase/advanced/consensus) on the state of the
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network. Substrate makes it possible to supply custom consensus engines and also ships with
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several consensus mechanisms that have been built on top of
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[Web3 Foundation research](https://research.web3.foundation/en/latest/polkadot/NPoS/index.html).
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- RPC Server: A remote procedure call (RPC) server is used to interact with Substrate nodes.
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There are several files in the `node` directory - take special note of the following:
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- [`chain_spec.rs`](./node/src/chain_spec.rs): A
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[chain specification](https://substrate.dev/docs/en/knowledgebase/integrate/chain-spec) is a
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source code file that defines a Substrate chain's initial (genesis) state. Chain specifications
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are useful for development and testing, and critical when architecting the launch of a
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production chain. Take note of the `development_config` and `testnet_genesis` functions, which
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are used to define the genesis state for the local development chain configuration. These
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functions identify some
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[well-known accounts](https://substrate.dev/docs/en/knowledgebase/integrate/subkey#well-known-keys)
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and use them to configure the blockchain's initial state.
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- [`service.rs`](./node/src/service.rs): This file defines the node implementation. Take note of
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the libraries that this file imports and the names of the functions it invokes. In particular,
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there are references to consensus-related topics, such as the
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[longest chain rule](https://substrate.dev/docs/en/knowledgebase/advanced/consensus#longest-chain-rule),
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the [Aura](https://substrate.dev/docs/en/knowledgebase/advanced/consensus#aura) block authoring
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mechanism and the
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[GRANDPA](https://substrate.dev/docs/en/knowledgebase/advanced/consensus#grandpa) finality
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gadget.
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- [`chain_spec.rs`](./node/src/chain_spec.rs): A
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[chain specification](https://substrate.dev/docs/en/knowledgebase/integrate/chain-spec) is a
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source code file that defines a Substrate chain's initial (genesis) state. Chain specifications
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are useful for development and testing, and critical when architecting the launch of a
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production chain. Take note of the `development_config` and `testnet_genesis` functions, which
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are used to define the genesis state for the local development chain configuration. These
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functions identify some
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[well-known accounts](https://substrate.dev/docs/en/knowledgebase/integrate/subkey#well-known-keys)
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and use them to configure the blockchain's initial state.
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- [`service.rs`](./node/src/service.rs): This file defines the node implementation. Take note of
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the libraries that this file imports and the names of the functions it invokes. In particular,
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there are references to consensus-related topics, such as the
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[longest chain rule](https://substrate.dev/docs/en/knowledgebase/advanced/consensus#longest-chain-rule),
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the [Aura](https://substrate.dev/docs/en/knowledgebase/advanced/consensus#aura) block authoring
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mechanism and the
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[GRANDPA](https://substrate.dev/docs/en/knowledgebase/advanced/consensus#grandpa) finality
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gadget.
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After the node has been [built](#build), refer to the embedded documentation to learn more about the
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capabilities and configuration parameters that it exposes:
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@@ -130,13 +148,13 @@ create pallets and flexibly compose them to create blockchains that can address
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Review the [FRAME runtime implementation](./runtime/src/lib.rs) included in this template and note
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the following:
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- This file configures several pallets to include in the runtime. Each pallet configuration is
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defined by a code block that begins with `impl $PALLET_NAME::Config for Runtime`.
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- The pallets are composed into a single runtime by way of the
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[`construct_runtime!`](https://crates.parity.io/frame_support/macro.construct_runtime.html)
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macro, which is part of the core
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[FRAME Support](https://substrate.dev/docs/en/knowledgebase/runtime/frame#support-library)
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library.
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- This file configures several pallets to include in the runtime. Each pallet configuration is
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defined by a code block that begins with `impl $PALLET_NAME::Config for Runtime`.
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- The pallets are composed into a single runtime by way of the
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[`construct_runtime!`](https://crates.parity.io/frame_support/macro.construct_runtime.html)
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macro, which is part of the core
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[FRAME Support](https://substrate.dev/docs/en/knowledgebase/runtime/frame#support-library)
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library.
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### Pallets
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@@ -146,17 +164,17 @@ template pallet that is [defined in the `pallets`](./pallets/template/src/lib.rs
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A FRAME pallet is compromised of a number of blockchain primitives:
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- Storage: FRAME defines a rich set of powerful
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[storage abstractions](https://substrate.dev/docs/en/knowledgebase/runtime/storage) that makes
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it easy to use Substrate's efficient key-value database to manage the evolving state of a
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blockchain.
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- Dispatchables: FRAME pallets define special types of functions that can be invoked (dispatched)
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from outside of the runtime in order to update its state.
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- Events: Substrate uses [events](https://substrate.dev/docs/en/knowledgebase/runtime/events) to
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notify users of important changes in the runtime.
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- Errors: When a dispatchable fails, it returns an error.
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- Config: The `Config` configuration interface is used to define the types and parameters upon
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which a FRAME pallet depends.
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- Storage: FRAME defines a rich set of powerful
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[storage abstractions](https://substrate.dev/docs/en/knowledgebase/runtime/storage) that makes
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it easy to use Substrate's efficient key-value database to manage the evolving state of a
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blockchain.
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- Dispatchables: FRAME pallets define special types of functions that can be invoked (dispatched)
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from outside of the runtime in order to update its state.
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- Events: Substrate uses [events](https://substrate.dev/docs/en/knowledgebase/runtime/events) to
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notify users of important changes in the runtime.
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- Errors: When a dispatchable fails, it returns an error.
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- Config: The `Config` configuration interface is used to define the types and parameters upon
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which a FRAME pallet depends.
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### Run in Docker
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@@ -170,7 +188,8 @@ Then run the following command to start a single node development chain.
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```
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This command will firstly compile your code, and then start a local development network. You can
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also replace the default command (`cargo build --release && ./target/release/node-template --dev --ws-external`)
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also replace the default command
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(`cargo build --release && ./target/release/node-template --dev --ws-external`)
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by appending your own. A few useful ones are as follow.
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```bash
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