Merge v0.50.x to master (#2127)

* v0.50.0: Integrate frame-decode, redo storage APIs and break up Error. (#2100)

* WIP integrating new frame-decode and working out new storage APIS

* WIP: first pass adding new storage things to subxt-core

* Second pass over Address type and start impl in Subxt

* WIP new storage APIs

* WIP New storage APIs roughly completed, lots of errors still

* Remove PlainorMap enum; plain and map values now use same struct to simplify usage

* Begin 'fixing' errors

* WIP splitting errors and tidying payload/address traits

* Get subxt-core compiling

* Small fixes in subxt-core and remove metadata mod

* subxt-core: cargo check --all-targets passes

* Fix test

* WIP starting to update subxt from subxt-core changes

* WIP splitting up subxt errors into smaller variants

* WIP errors: add DispatchError errors

* Port new Storage APIs to subxt-core

* cargo check -p subxt passes

* Quick-fix errors in subxt-cli (explore subcommand)

* fmt

* Finish fixing codegen up and start fixing examples

* get Subxt examples compiling and bytes_at for constants

* Add some arcs to limit lifetimes in subxt/subxt-core storage APIs

* A little Arcing to allow more method chaining in Storage APIs, aligning with Subxt

* Update codegen test

* cargo check --all-targets passing

* cargo check --features 'unstable-light-client' passing

* clippy

* Remove unused dep in subxt

* use published frame-decode

* fix wasm-example

* Add new tx extension to fix daily tests

* Remove unused subxt_core::dynamic::DecodedValue type

* Update book to match changes

* Update docs to fix more broken bits

* Add missing docs

* fmt

* allow larger result errs for now

* Add missing alloc imports in subxt-core

* Fix doc tests and fix bug getting constant info

* Fix V14 -> Metadata transform for storage & constants

* Fix parachain example

* Fix FFI example

* BlockLength decodes t ostruct, not u128

* use fetch/iter shorthands rather than entry in most storage tests

* Fix some integration tests

* Fix Runtime codegen tests

* Expose the dynamic custom_value selecter and use in a UI test

* Update codegen metadata

* Tidy CLI storage query and support (str,str) as a storage address

* Add (str,str) as valid constant address too

* Show string tuple in constants example

* Via the magic of traits, avoid needing any clones of queries/addresses and accept references to them

* clippy

* [v0.50] update scale-info-legacy and frame-decode to latest (#2119)

* bump scale-info-legacy and frame-decode to latest

* Remove something we don't need in this PR

* Fully remove unused for now dep

* [v0.50] Convert historic metadata to subxt::Metadata (#2120)

* First pass converting historic metadatas to our subxt::Metadata type

* use published frame-decode

* fmt and rename legacy metadata macro

* Enable legacy feature where needed in subxt_metadata so it compiles on its own

* Use cargo hack more in CI and fix subxt-metadata features

* Add tests for metadata conversion (need to optimise; some too expensive right now

* Address performance and equality issues in metadata conversion testing

* fmt

* fmt all

* clippy

* Fix a doc link

* Test codegen and fixes to make it work

* Remove local frame-decode patch

* bump frame-decode to latest

* [v0.50.0] Allow visiting extrinsic fields in subxt_historic (#2124)

* Allow visiting extrinsic fields

* fmt

* Don't use local scale-decode dep

* Clippy and tidy

* Extend 'subxt codegen' CLI to work with legacy metadatas

* Simplify historic extrinsics example now that AccountId32s have paths/names

* clippy

* clippy

* clippy..

* Allow visiting storage values, too, and clean up extrinsic visiting a little by narrowing lifetime

* Try to fix flaky test

* Add custom value decode to extrinsics example

* Remove useless else branch ra thought I needed

* Simplify examples

* Prep to release v0.0.5 (#2126)

subxt/examples/storage_iterating.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 #![allow(missing_docs)]
+use subxt::ext::futures::StreamExt;
 use subxt::{OnlineClient, PolkadotConfig};
 
-#[subxt::subxt(runtime_metadata_path = "../artifacts/polkadot_metadata_full.scale")]
+// Generate an interface that we can use from the node's metadata.
+#[subxt::subxt(runtime_metadata_path = "../artifacts/polkadot_metadata_small.scale")]
 pub mod polkadot {}
 
 #[tokio::main]
@@ -9,17 +11,31 @@ async fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
     // Create a new API client, configured to talk to Polkadot nodes.
     let api = OnlineClient::<PolkadotConfig>::new().await?;
 
-    // Build a storage query to iterate over account information.
-    let storage_query = polkadot::storage().system().account_iter();
+    // Build a storage query to access account information. Same as if we were
+    // fetching a single value from this entry.
+    let storage_query = polkadot::storage().system().account();
 
-    // Get back an iterator of results (here, we are fetching 10 items at
-    // a time from the node, but we always iterate over one at a time).
-    let mut results = api.storage().at_latest().await?.iter(storage_query).await?;
+    // Use that query to access a storage entry, iterate over it and decode values.
+    let client_at = api.storage().at_latest().await?;
 
-    while let Some(Ok(kv)) = results.next().await {
-        println!("Keys decoded: {:?}", kv.keys);
-        println!("Key: 0x{}", hex::encode(&kv.key_bytes));
-        println!("Value: {:?}", kv.value);
+    // We provide an empty tuple when iterating. If the storage entry had been an N map with
+    // multiple keys, then we could provide any prefix of those keys to iterate over. This is
+    // statically type checked, so only a valid number/type of keys in the tuple is accepted.
+    let mut values = client_at.entry(storage_query)?.iter(()).await?;
+
+    while let Some(kv) = values.next().await {
+        let kv = kv?;
+
+        // The key decodes into the type that the static address knows about, in this case a
+        // tuple of one entry, because the only part of the key that we can decode is the
+        // AccountId32 for each user.
+        let (account_id32,) = kv.key()?.decode()?;
+
+        // The value decodes into a statically generated type which holds account information.
+        let value = kv.value().decode()?;
+
+        let value_data = value.data;
+        println!("{account_id32}:\n  {value_data:?}");
     }
 
     Ok(())