Ensure inherent are first (#8173)

* impl

* fix tests

* impl in execute_block

* fix tests

* add a test in frame-executive

* fix some panic warning

* use trait to get call from extrinsic

* remove unused

* fix test

* fix testing

* fix tests

* return index of extrinsic on error

* fix test

* Update primitives/inherents/src/lib.rs

Co-authored-by: Kian Paimani <5588131+kianenigma@users.noreply.github.com>

* address comments

rename trait, and refactor

* refactor + doc improvment

* fix tests

Co-authored-by: Kian Paimani <5588131+kianenigma@users.noreply.github.com>

substrate/frame/support/procedural/src/construct_runtime/mod.rs

@@ -167,6 +167,7 @@ fn construct_runtime_parsed(definition: RuntimeDefinition) -> Result<TokenStream
 	let metadata = decl_runtime_metadata(&name, pallets.iter(), &scrate, &unchecked_extrinsic);
 	let outer_config = decl_outer_config(&name, pallets.iter(), &scrate);
 	let inherent = decl_outer_inherent(
+		&name,
 		&block,
 		&unchecked_extrinsic,
 		pallets.iter(),
@@ -235,6 +236,7 @@ fn decl_validate_unsigned<'a>(
 }
 
 fn decl_outer_inherent<'a>(
+	runtime: &'a Ident,
 	block: &'a syn::TypePath,
 	unchecked_extrinsic: &'a syn::TypePath,
 	pallet_declarations: impl Iterator<Item = &'a Pallet>,
@@ -251,7 +253,8 @@ fn decl_outer_inherent<'a>(
 		#scrate::impl_outer_inherent!(
 			impl Inherents where
 				Block = #block,
-				UncheckedExtrinsic = #unchecked_extrinsic
+				UncheckedExtrinsic = #unchecked_extrinsic,
+				Runtime = #runtime,
 			{
 				#(#pallets_tokens)*
 			}