Submit (& sign) extrinsics from the runtime. (#3514)

* Abstract constructing extrinsic and signing.

* Initial impl of signer.

* Implement get payload.

* Clean up the code.

* Improve docs.

* Bump version.

* Update core/sr-primitives/src/generic/unchecked_extrinsic.rs

Co-Authored-By: Bastian Köcher <bkchr@users.noreply.github.com>

* Fix tests & address grumbles.

* Fix build.

* Fix runtime tests.

* Fix bound test.

* Fix bound test.

substrate/core/sr-primitives/src/generic/mod.rs

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ mod digest;
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests;
 
-pub use self::unchecked_extrinsic::UncheckedExtrinsic;
+pub use self::unchecked_extrinsic::{UncheckedExtrinsic, SignedPayload};
 pub use self::era::{Era, Phase};
 pub use self::checked_extrinsic::CheckedExtrinsic;
 pub use self::header::Header;

substrate/core/sr-primitives/src/generic/unchecked_extrinsic.rs

@@ -72,12 +72,22 @@ impl<Address, Call, Signature, Extra: SignedExtension> Extrinsic
 {
 	type Call = Call;
 
+	type SignaturePayload = (
+		Address,
+		Signature,
+		Extra,
+	);
+
 	fn is_signed(&self) -> Option<bool> {
 		Some(self.signature.is_some())
 	}
 
-	fn new_unsigned(function: Call) -> Option<Self> {
+	fn new(function: Call, signed_data: Option<Self::SignaturePayload>) -> Option<Self> {
-		Some(UncheckedExtrinsic::new_unsigned(function))
+		Some(if let Some((address, signature, extra)) = signed_data {
+			UncheckedExtrinsic::new_signed(function, address, signature, extra)
+		} else {
+			UncheckedExtrinsic::new_unsigned(function)
+		})
 	}
 }
 
@@ -98,21 +108,18 @@ where
 	fn check(self, lookup: &Lookup) -> Result<Self::Checked, &'static str> {
 		Ok(match self.signature {
 			Some((signed, signature, extra)) => {
-				let additional_signed = extra.additional_signed()?;
-				let raw_payload = (self.function, extra, additional_signed);
 				let signed = lookup.lookup(signed)?;
+				let raw_payload = SignedPayload::new(self.function, extra)?;
 				if !raw_payload.using_encoded(|payload| {
-					if payload.len() > 256 {
+					signature.verify(payload, &signed)
-						signature.verify(&blake2_256(payload)[..], &signed)
-					} else {
-						signature.verify(payload, &signed)
-					}
 				}) {
 					return Err(crate::BAD_SIGNATURE)
 				}
+
+				let (function, extra, _) = raw_payload.deconstruct();
 				CheckedExtrinsic {
-					signed: Some((signed, raw_payload.1)),
+					signed: Some((signed, extra)),
-					function: raw_payload.0,
+					function,
 				}
 			}
 			None => CheckedExtrinsic {
@@ -123,6 +130,59 @@ where
 	}
 }
 
+/// A payload that has been signed for an unchecked extrinsics.
+///
+/// Note that the payload that we sign to produce unchecked extrinsic signature
+/// is going to be different than the `SignaturePayload` - so the thing the extrinsic
+/// actually contains.
+pub struct SignedPayload<Call, Extra: SignedExtension>((
+		Call,
+		Extra,
+		Extra::AdditionalSigned,
+));
+
+impl<Call, Extra> SignedPayload<Call, Extra> where
+	Call: Encode,
+	Extra: SignedExtension,
+{
+	/// Create new `SignedPayload`.
+	///
+	/// This function may fail if `additional_signed` of `Extra` is not available.
+	pub fn new(call: Call, extra: Extra) -> Result<Self, &'static str> {
+		let additional_signed = extra.additional_signed()?;
+		let raw_payload = (call, extra, additional_signed);
+		Ok(Self(raw_payload))
+	}
+
+	/// Create new `SignedPayload` from raw components.
+	pub fn from_raw(call: Call, extra: Extra, additional_signed: Extra::AdditionalSigned) -> Self {
+		Self((call, extra, additional_signed))
+	}
+
+	/// Deconstruct the payload into it's components.
+	pub fn deconstruct(self) -> (Call, Extra, Extra::AdditionalSigned) {
+		self.0
+	}
+}
+
+impl<Call, Extra> Encode for SignedPayload<Call, Extra> where
+	Call: Encode,
+	Extra: SignedExtension,
+{
+	/// Get an encoded version of this payload.
+	///
+	/// Payloads longer than 256 bytes are going to be `blake2_256`-hashed.
+	fn using_encoded<R, F: FnOnce(&[u8]) -> R>(&self, f: F) -> R {
+		self.0.using_encoded(|payload| {
+			if payload.len() > 256 {
+				f(&blake2_256(payload)[..])
+			} else {
+				f(payload)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
 impl<Address, Call, Signature, Extra> Decode
 	for UncheckedExtrinsic<Address, Call, Signature, Extra>
 where

substrate/core/sr-primitives/src/lib.rs

@@ -847,12 +847,7 @@ impl<'a> ::serde::Deserialize<'a> for OpaqueExtrinsic {
 
 impl traits::Extrinsic for OpaqueExtrinsic {
 	type Call = ();
-
+	type SignaturePayload = ();
-	fn is_signed(&self) -> Option<bool> {
-		None
-	}
-
-	fn new_unsigned(_call: Self::Call) -> Option<Self> { None }
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]

substrate/core/sr-primitives/src/testing.rs

@@ -187,6 +187,7 @@ pub struct ExtrinsicWrapper<Xt>(Xt);
 
 impl<Xt> traits::Extrinsic for ExtrinsicWrapper<Xt> {
 	type Call = ();
+	type SignaturePayload = ();
 
 	fn is_signed(&self) -> Option<bool> {
 		None
@@ -274,13 +275,14 @@ impl<Call: Codec + Sync + Send, Context, Extra> Checkable<Context> for TestXt<Ca
 }
 impl<Call: Codec + Sync + Send, Extra> traits::Extrinsic for TestXt<Call, Extra> {
 	type Call = Call;
+	type SignaturePayload = (u64, Extra);
 
 	fn is_signed(&self) -> Option<bool> {
 		Some(self.0.is_some())
 	}
 
-	fn new_unsigned(_c: Call) -> Option<Self> {
+	fn new(c: Call, sig: Option<Self::SignaturePayload>) -> Option<Self> {
-		None
+		Some(TestXt(sig, c))
 	}
 }
 

substrate/core/sr-primitives/src/traits.rs

@@ -743,13 +743,24 @@ pub trait Extrinsic: Sized {
 	/// The function call.
 	type Call;
 
+	/// The payload we carry for signed extrinsics.
+	///
+	/// Usually it will contain a `Signature` and
+	/// may include some additional data that are specific to signed
+	/// extrinsics.
+	type SignaturePayload;
+
 	/// Is this `Extrinsic` signed?
 	/// If no information are available about signed/unsigned, `None` should be returned.
 	fn is_signed(&self) -> Option<bool> { None }
 
-	/// New instance of an unsigned extrinsic aka "inherent". `None` if this is an opaque
+	/// Create new instance of the extrinsic.
-	/// extrinsic type.
+	///
-	fn new_unsigned(_call: Self::Call) -> Option<Self> { None }
+	/// Extrinsics can be split into:
+	/// 1. Inherents (no signature; created by validators during block production)
+	/// 2. Unsigned Transactions (no signature; represent "system calls" or other special kinds of calls)
+	/// 3. Signed Transactions (with signature; a regular transactions with known origin)
+	fn new(_call: Self::Call, _signed_data: Option<Self::SignaturePayload>) -> Option<Self> { None }
 }
 
 /// Extract the hashing type for a block.

substrate/core/test-runtime/src/lib.rs

@@ -141,6 +141,7 @@ impl BlindCheckable for Extrinsic {
 
 impl ExtrinsicT for Extrinsic {
 	type Call = Extrinsic;
+	type SignaturePayload = ();
 
 	fn is_signed(&self) -> Option<bool> {
 		if let Extrinsic::IncludeData(_) = *self {
@@ -150,7 +151,7 @@ impl ExtrinsicT for Extrinsic {
 		}
 	}
 
-	fn new_unsigned(call: Self::Call) -> Option<Self> {
+	fn new(call: Self::Call, _signature_payload: Option<Self::SignaturePayload>) -> Option<Self> {
 		Some(call)
 	}
 }

substrate/node/cli/src/service.rs

@@ -298,7 +298,7 @@ mod tests {
 		crypto::Pair as CryptoPair, blake2_256,
 		sr25519::Public as AddressPublic, H256,
 	};
-	use sr_primitives::{generic::{BlockId, Era, Digest}, traits::Block, OpaqueExtrinsic};
+	use sr_primitives::{generic::{BlockId, Era, Digest, SignedPayload}, traits::Block, OpaqueExtrinsic};
 	use timestamp;
 	use finality_tracker;
 	use keyring::AccountKeyring;
@@ -471,15 +471,17 @@ mod tests {
 				let check_weight = system::CheckWeight::new();
 				let take_fees = balances::TakeFees::from(0);
 				let extra = (check_version, check_genesis, check_era, check_nonce, check_weight, take_fees);
-
+				let raw_payload = SignedPayload::from_raw(
-				let raw_payload = (function, extra.clone(), version, genesis_hash, genesis_hash);
+					function,
-				let signature = raw_payload.using_encoded(|payload| if payload.len() > 256 {
+					extra,
-					signer.sign(&blake2_256(payload)[..])
+					(version, genesis_hash, genesis_hash, (), (), ())
-				} else {
+				);
+				let signature = raw_payload.using_encoded(|payload|	{
 					signer.sign(payload)
 				});
+				let (function, extra, _) = raw_payload.deconstruct();
 				let xt = UncheckedExtrinsic::new_signed(
-					raw_payload.0,
+					function,
 					from.into(),
 					signature.into(),
 					extra,

substrate/node/runtime/src/lib.rs

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ use sr_primitives::{ApplyResult, impl_opaque_keys, generic, create_runtime_str,
 use sr_primitives::transaction_validity::TransactionValidity;
 use sr_primitives::weights::Weight;
 use sr_primitives::traits::{
-	BlakeTwo256, Block as BlockT, DigestFor, NumberFor, StaticLookup,
+	self, BlakeTwo256, Block as BlockT, DigestFor, NumberFor, StaticLookup, SaturatedConversion,
 };
 use version::RuntimeVersion;
 use elections::VoteIndex;
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ use version::NativeVersion;
 use primitives::OpaqueMetadata;
 use grandpa::{AuthorityId as GrandpaId, AuthorityWeight as GrandpaWeight};
 use im_online::sr25519::{AuthorityId as ImOnlineId};
+use system::offchain::TransactionSubmitter;
 
 #[cfg(any(feature = "std", test))]
 pub use sr_primitives::BuildStorage;
@@ -80,7 +81,7 @@ pub const VERSION: RuntimeVersion = RuntimeVersion {
 	// implementation changes and behavior does not, then leave spec_version as
 	// is and increment impl_version.
 	spec_version: 154,
-	impl_version: 157,
+	impl_version: 158,
 	apis: RUNTIME_API_VERSIONS,
 };
 
@@ -392,11 +393,13 @@ impl sudo::Trait for Runtime {
 	type Proposal = Call;
 }
 
+type SubmitTransaction = TransactionSubmitter<ImOnlineId, Runtime, UncheckedExtrinsic>;
+
 impl im_online::Trait for Runtime {
 	type AuthorityId = ImOnlineId;
 	type Call = Call;
 	type Event = Event;
-	type UncheckedExtrinsic = UncheckedExtrinsic;
+	type SubmitTransaction = SubmitTransaction;
 	type ReportUnresponsiveness = Offences;
 	type CurrentElectedSet = staking::CurrentElectedStashAccounts<Runtime>;
 }
@@ -424,6 +427,33 @@ impl finality_tracker::Trait for Runtime {
 	type ReportLatency = ReportLatency;
 }
 
+impl system::offchain::CreateTransaction<Runtime, UncheckedExtrinsic> for Runtime {
+	type Signature = Signature;
+
+	fn create_transaction<F: system::offchain::Signer<AccountId, Self::Signature>>(
+		call: Call,
+		account: AccountId,
+		index: Index,
+	) -> Option<(Call, <UncheckedExtrinsic as traits::Extrinsic>::SignaturePayload)> {
+		let period = 1 << 8;
+		let current_block = System::block_number().saturated_into::<u64>();
+		let tip = 0;
+		let extra: SignedExtra = (
+			system::CheckVersion::<Runtime>::new(),
+			system::CheckGenesis::<Runtime>::new(),
+			system::CheckEra::<Runtime>::from(generic::Era::mortal(period, current_block)),
+			system::CheckNonce::<Runtime>::from(index),
+			system::CheckWeight::<Runtime>::new(),
+			balances::TakeFees::<Runtime>::from(tip),
+		);
+		let raw_payload = SignedPayload::new(call, extra).ok()?;
+		let signature = F::sign(account.clone(), &raw_payload)?;
+		let address = Indices::unlookup(account);
+		let (call, extra, _) = raw_payload.deconstruct();
+		Some((call, (address, signature, extra)))
+	}
+}
+
 construct_runtime!(
 	pub enum Runtime where
 		Block = Block,
@@ -475,6 +505,8 @@ pub type SignedExtra = (
 );
 /// Unchecked extrinsic type as expected by this runtime.
 pub type UncheckedExtrinsic = generic::UncheckedExtrinsic<Address, Call, Signature, SignedExtra>;
+/// The payload being signed in transactions.
+pub type SignedPayload = generic::SignedPayload<Call, SignedExtra>;
 /// Extrinsic type that has already been checked.
 pub type CheckedExtrinsic = generic::CheckedExtrinsic<AccountId, Call, SignedExtra>;
 /// Executive: handles dispatch to the various modules.
@@ -609,3 +641,28 @@ impl_runtime_apis! {
 		}
 	}
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+	use super::*;
+	use sr_primitives::app_crypto::RuntimeAppPublic;
+	use system::offchain::SubmitSignedTransaction;
+
+	fn is_submit_signed_transaction<T, Signer>(_arg: T) where
+		T: SubmitSignedTransaction<
+			Runtime,
+			Call,
+			Extrinsic=UncheckedExtrinsic,
+			CreateTransaction=Runtime,
+			Signer=Signer,
+		>,
+		Signer: RuntimeAppPublic + From<AccountId>,
+		Signer::Signature: Into<Signature>,
+	{}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn validate_bounds() {
+		let x = SubmitTransaction::default();
+		is_submit_signed_transaction(x);
+	}
+}

substrate/srml/authority-discovery/src/lib.rs

@@ -186,7 +186,11 @@ mod tests {
 		type AuthorityId = AuthorityId;
 		type Call = im_online::Call<Test>;
 		type Event = ();
-		type UncheckedExtrinsic = UncheckedExtrinsic<(), im_online::Call<Test>, (), ()>;
+		type SubmitTransaction = system::offchain::TransactionSubmitter<
+			(),
+			im_online::Call<Test>,
+			UncheckedExtrinsic<(), im_online::Call<Test>, (), ()>,
+		>;
 		type ReportUnresponsiveness = ();
 		type CurrentElectedSet = DummyCurrentElectedSet<AuthorityId>;
 	}

substrate/srml/balances/src/lib.rs

@@ -1187,7 +1187,6 @@ pub struct TakeFees<T: Trait<I>, I: Instance = DefaultInstance>(#[codec(compact)
 
 impl<T: Trait<I>, I: Instance> TakeFees<T, I> {
 	/// utility constructor. Used only in client/factory code.
-	#[cfg(feature = "std")]
 	pub fn from(fee: T::Balance) -> Self {
 		Self(fee)
 	}

substrate/srml/im-online/src/lib.rs

@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ use session::historical::IdentificationTuple;
 use sr_io::Printable;
 use sr_primitives::{
 	Perbill, ApplyError,
-	traits::{Convert, Extrinsic as ExtrinsicT, Member},
+	traits::{Convert, Member},
 	transaction_validity::{TransactionValidity, TransactionLongevity, ValidTransaction},
 };
 use sr_staking_primitives::{
@@ -87,11 +87,18 @@ use srml_support::{
 	Parameter, StorageValue, StorageDoubleMap,
 };
 use system::ensure_none;
+use system::offchain::SubmitUnsignedTransaction;
 
 pub mod sr25519 {
 	mod app_sr25519 {
 		use app_crypto::{app_crypto, key_types::IM_ONLINE, sr25519};
 		app_crypto!(sr25519, IM_ONLINE);
+
+		impl From<Signature> for sr_primitives::AnySignature {
+			fn from(sig: Signature) -> Self {
+				sr25519::Signature::from(sig).into()
+			}
+		}
 	}
 
 	/// An i'm online keypair using sr25519 as its crypto.
@@ -109,6 +116,12 @@ pub mod ed25519 {
 	mod app_ed25519 {
 		use app_crypto::{app_crypto, key_types::IM_ONLINE, ed25519};
 		app_crypto!(ed25519, IM_ONLINE);
+
+		impl From<Signature> for sr_primitives::AnySignature {
+			fn from(sig: Signature) -> Self {
+				ed25519::Signature::from(sig).into()
+			}
+		}
 	}
 
 	/// An i'm online keypair using ed25519 as its crypto.
@@ -141,7 +154,6 @@ struct WorkerStatus<BlockNumber> {
 // Error which may occur while executing the off-chain code.
 enum OffchainErr {
 	DecodeWorkerStatus,
-	ExtrinsicCreation,
 	FailedSigning,
 	NetworkState,
 	SubmitTransaction,
@@ -151,7 +163,6 @@ impl Printable for OffchainErr {
 	fn print(self) {
 		match self {
 			OffchainErr::DecodeWorkerStatus => print("Offchain error: decoding WorkerStatus failed!"),
-			OffchainErr::ExtrinsicCreation => print("Offchain error: extrinsic creation failed!"),
 			OffchainErr::FailedSigning => print("Offchain error: signing failed!"),
 			OffchainErr::NetworkState => print("Offchain error: fetching network state failed!"),
 			OffchainErr::SubmitTransaction => print("Offchain error: submitting transaction failed!"),
@@ -183,9 +194,8 @@ pub trait Trait: system::Trait + session::historical::Trait {
 	/// A dispatchable call type.
 	type Call: From<Call<Self>>;
 
-	/// A extrinsic right from the external world. This is unchecked and so
+	/// A transaction submitter.
-	/// can contain a signature.
+	type SubmitTransaction: SubmitUnsignedTransaction<Self, <Self as Trait>::Call>;
-	type UncheckedExtrinsic: ExtrinsicT<Call=<Self as Trait>::Call> + Encode + Decode;
 
 	/// A type that gives us the ability to submit unresponsiveness offence reports.
 	type ReportUnresponsiveness:
@@ -332,9 +342,8 @@ impl<T: Trait> Module<T> {
 
 			let signature = key.sign(&heartbeat_data.encode()).ok_or(OffchainErr::FailedSigning)?;
 			let call = Call::heartbeat(heartbeat_data, signature);
-			let ex = T::UncheckedExtrinsic::new_unsigned(call.into())
+			T::SubmitTransaction::submit_unsigned(call)
-				.ok_or(OffchainErr::ExtrinsicCreation)?;
+				.map_err(|_| OffchainErr::SubmitTransaction)?;
-			sr_io::submit_transaction(&ex).map_err(|_| OffchainErr::SubmitTransaction)?;
 
 			// once finished we set the worker status without comparing
 			// if the existing value changed in the meantime. this is

substrate/srml/support/src/inherent.rs

@@ -55,14 +55,16 @@ macro_rules! impl_outer_inherent {
 			fn create_extrinsics(&self) ->
 				$crate::inherent::Vec<<$block as $crate::inherent::BlockT>::Extrinsic> {
 				use $crate::inherent::ProvideInherent;
+				use $crate::inherent::Extrinsic;
 
 				let mut inherents = Vec::new();
 
 				$(
 					if let Some(inherent) = $module::create_inherent(self) {
-						inherents.push($uncheckedextrinsic::new_unsigned(
+						inherents.push($uncheckedextrinsic::new(
-							Call::$call(inherent))
+							Call::$call(inherent),
-						);
+							None,
+						).expect("Runtime UncheckedExtrinsic is not Opaque, so it has to return `Some`; qed"));
 					}
 				)*
 

substrate/srml/system/src/lib.rs

@@ -121,6 +121,8 @@ use runtime_io::{TestExternalities, Blake2Hasher};
 #[cfg(any(feature = "std", test))]
 use primitives::ChangesTrieConfiguration;
 
+pub mod offchain;
+
 /// Handler for when a new account has been created.
 pub trait OnNewAccount<AccountId> {
 	/// A new account `who` has been registered.
@@ -441,7 +443,7 @@ decl_storage! {
 	}
 }
 
-pub struct EnsureRoot<AccountId>(::rstd::marker::PhantomData<AccountId>);
+pub struct EnsureRoot<AccountId>(rstd::marker::PhantomData<AccountId>);
 impl<
 	O: Into<Result<RawOrigin<AccountId>, O>> + From<RawOrigin<AccountId>>,
 	AccountId,
@@ -455,7 +457,7 @@ impl<
 	}
 }
 
-pub struct EnsureSigned<AccountId>(::rstd::marker::PhantomData<AccountId>);
+pub struct EnsureSigned<AccountId>(rstd::marker::PhantomData<AccountId>);
 impl<
 	O: Into<Result<RawOrigin<AccountId>, O>> + From<RawOrigin<AccountId>>,
 	AccountId,
@@ -469,7 +471,7 @@ impl<
 	}
 }
 
-pub struct EnsureSignedBy<Who, AccountId>(::rstd::marker::PhantomData<(Who, AccountId)>);
+pub struct EnsureSignedBy<Who, AccountId>(rstd::marker::PhantomData<(Who, AccountId)>);
 impl<
 	O: Into<Result<RawOrigin<AccountId>, O>> + From<RawOrigin<AccountId>>,
 	Who: Contains<AccountId>,
@@ -484,7 +486,7 @@ impl<
 	}
 }
 
-pub struct EnsureNone<AccountId>(::rstd::marker::PhantomData<AccountId>);
+pub struct EnsureNone<AccountId>(rstd::marker::PhantomData<AccountId>);
 impl<
 	O: Into<Result<RawOrigin<AccountId>, O>> + From<RawOrigin<AccountId>>,
 	AccountId,
@@ -498,7 +500,7 @@ impl<
 	}
 }
 
-pub struct EnsureNever<T>(::rstd::marker::PhantomData<T>);
+pub struct EnsureNever<T>(rstd::marker::PhantomData<T>);
 impl<O, T> EnsureOrigin<O> for EnsureNever<T> {
 	type Success = T;
 	fn try_origin(o: O) -> Result<Self::Success, O> {
@@ -892,8 +894,7 @@ impl<T: Trait + Send + Sync> CheckWeight<T> {
 		}
 	}
 
-	/// Utility constructor for tests and client code.
+	/// Creates new `SignedExtension` to check weight of the extrinsic.
-	#[cfg(feature = "std")]
 	pub fn new() -> Self {
 		Self(PhantomData)
 	}
@@ -948,7 +949,6 @@ impl<T: Trait + Send + Sync> rstd::fmt::Debug for CheckWeight<T> {
 #[derive(Encode, Decode, Clone, Eq, PartialEq)]
 pub struct CheckNonce<T: Trait>(#[codec(compact)] T::Index);
 
-#[cfg(feature = "std")]
 impl<T: Trait> CheckNonce<T> {
 	/// utility constructor. Used only in client/factory code.
 	pub fn from(nonce: T::Index) -> Self {
@@ -1022,7 +1022,6 @@ impl<T: Trait> SignedExtension for CheckNonce<T> {
 #[derive(Encode, Decode, Clone, Eq, PartialEq)]
 pub struct CheckEra<T: Trait + Send + Sync>((Era, rstd::marker::PhantomData<T>));
 
-#[cfg(feature = "std")]
 impl<T: Trait + Send + Sync> CheckEra<T> {
 	/// utility constructor. Used only in client/factory code.
 	pub fn from(era: Era) -> Self {
@@ -1077,10 +1076,10 @@ impl<T: Trait + Send + Sync> rstd::fmt::Debug for CheckGenesis<T> {
 	}
 }
 
-#[cfg(feature = "std")]
 impl<T: Trait + Send + Sync> CheckGenesis<T> {
+	/// Creates new `SignedExtension` to check genesis hash.
 	pub fn new() -> Self {
-		Self(std::marker::PhantomData)
+		Self(rstd::marker::PhantomData)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -1106,10 +1105,10 @@ impl<T: Trait + Send + Sync> rstd::fmt::Debug for CheckVersion<T> {
 	}
 }
 
-#[cfg(feature = "std")]
 impl<T: Trait + Send + Sync> CheckVersion<T> {
+	/// Create new `SignedExtension` to check runtime version.
 	pub fn new() -> Self {
-		Self(std::marker::PhantomData)
+		Self(rstd::marker::PhantomData)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -1124,10 +1123,10 @@ impl<T: Trait + Send + Sync> SignedExtension for CheckVersion<T> {
 	}
 }
 
-pub struct ChainContext<T>(::rstd::marker::PhantomData<T>);
+pub struct ChainContext<T>(rstd::marker::PhantomData<T>);
 impl<T> Default for ChainContext<T> {
 	fn default() -> Self {
-		ChainContext(::rstd::marker::PhantomData)
+		ChainContext(rstd::marker::PhantomData)
 	}
 }
 

substrate/srml/system/src/offchain.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+// Copyright 2019 Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// This file is part of Substrate.
+
+// Substrate is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+
+// Substrate is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Substrate.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+//! Module helpers for offchain calls.
+
+use codec::Encode;
+use sr_primitives::app_crypto::RuntimeAppPublic;
+use sr_primitives::traits::Extrinsic as ExtrinsicT;
+
+/// A trait responsible for signing a payload using given account.
+pub trait Signer<Account, Signature> {
+	/// Sign any encodable payload with given account and produce a signature.
+	///
+	/// Returns `Some` if signing succeeded and `None` in case the `account` couldn't be used.
+	fn sign<Payload: Encode>(account: Account, payload: &Payload) -> Option<Signature>;
+}
+
+impl<Account, Signature, AppPublic> Signer<Account, Signature> for AppPublic where
+	AppPublic: RuntimeAppPublic + From<Account>,
+	AppPublic::Signature: Into<Signature>,
+{
+	fn sign<Payload: Encode>(account: Account, raw_payload: &Payload) -> Option<Signature> {
+		raw_payload.using_encoded(|payload| {
+			AppPublic::from(account).sign(&payload).map(Into::into)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+/// Creates runtime-specific signed transaction.
+pub trait CreateTransaction<T: crate::Trait, Extrinsic: ExtrinsicT> {
+	type Signature;
+
+	/// Attempt to create signed extrinsic data that encodes call from given account.
+	///
+	/// Runtime implementation is free to construct the payload to sign and the signature
+	/// in any way it wants.
+	/// Returns `None` if signed extrinsic could not be created (either because signing failed
+	/// or because of any other runtime-specific reason).
+	fn create_transaction<F: Signer<T::AccountId, Self::Signature>>(
+		call: Extrinsic::Call,
+		account: T::AccountId,
+		nonce: T::Index,
+	) -> Option<(Extrinsic::Call, Extrinsic::SignaturePayload)>;
+}
+
+/// A trait to sign and submit transactions in offchain calls.
+pub trait SubmitSignedTransaction<T: crate::Trait, Call> {
+	/// Unchecked extrinsic type.
+	type Extrinsic: ExtrinsicT<Call=Call> + codec::Encode;
+
+	/// A runtime-specific type to produce signed data for the extrinsic.
+	type CreateTransaction: CreateTransaction<T, Self::Extrinsic>;
+
+	/// A type used to sign transactions created using `CreateTransaction`.
+	type Signer: Signer<
+		T::AccountId,
+		<Self::CreateTransaction as CreateTransaction<T, Self::Extrinsic>>::Signature,
+	>;
+
+	/// Sign given call and submit it to the transaction pool.
+	///
+	/// Returns `Ok` if the transaction was submitted correctly
+	/// and `Err` if the key for given `id` was not found or the
+	/// transaction was rejected from the pool.
+	fn sign_and_submit(call: impl Into<Call>, id: T::AccountId) -> Result<(), ()> {
+		let call = call.into();
+		let expected = <crate::Module<T>>::account_nonce(&id);
+		let (call, signature_data) = Self::CreateTransaction
+			::create_transaction::<Self::Signer>(call, id, expected)
+			.ok_or(())?;
+		let xt = Self::Extrinsic::new(call, Some(signature_data)).ok_or(())?;
+		runtime_io::submit_transaction(&xt)
+	}
+}
+
+/// A trait to submit unsigned transactions in offchain calls.
+pub trait SubmitUnsignedTransaction<T: crate::Trait, Call> {
+	/// Unchecked extrinsic type.
+	type Extrinsic: ExtrinsicT<Call=Call> + codec::Encode;
+
+	/// Submit given call to the transaction pool as unsigned transaction.
+	///
+	/// Returns `Ok` if the transaction was submitted correctly
+	/// and `Err` if transaction was rejected from the pool.
+	fn submit_unsigned(call: impl Into<Call>) -> Result<(), ()> {
+		let xt = Self::Extrinsic::new(call.into(), None).ok_or(())?;
+		runtime_io::submit_transaction(&xt)
+	}
+}
+
+/// A default type used to submit transactions to the pool.
+pub struct TransactionSubmitter<S, C, E> {
+	_signer: rstd::marker::PhantomData<(S, C, E)>,
+}
+
+impl<S, C, E> Default for TransactionSubmitter<S, C, E> {
+	fn default() -> Self {
+		Self {
+			_signer: Default::default(),
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+/// A blanket implementation to simplify creation of transaction signer & submitter in the runtime.
+impl<T, E, S, C, Call> SubmitSignedTransaction<T, Call> for TransactionSubmitter<S, C, E> where
+	T: crate::Trait,
+	C: CreateTransaction<T, E>,
+	S: Signer<T::AccountId, <C as CreateTransaction<T, E>>::Signature>,
+	E: ExtrinsicT<Call=Call> + codec::Encode,
+{
+	type Extrinsic = E;
+	type CreateTransaction = C;
+	type Signer = S;
+}
+
+/// A blanket impl to use the same submitter for usigned transactions as well.
+impl<T, E, S, C, Call> SubmitUnsignedTransaction<T, Call> for TransactionSubmitter<S, C, E> where
+	T: crate::Trait,
+	E: ExtrinsicT<Call=Call> + codec::Encode,
+{
+	type Extrinsic = E;
+}

substrate/subkey/src/main.rs

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ use primitives::{
 use codec::{Encode, Decode};
 use sr_primitives::generic::Era;
 use node_primitives::{Balance, Index, Hash};
-use node_runtime::{Call, UncheckedExtrinsic, BalancesCall, Runtime};
+use node_runtime::{Call, UncheckedExtrinsic, SignedPayload, BalancesCall, Runtime, VERSION};
 
 mod vanity;
 
@@ -182,22 +182,21 @@ fn execute<C: Crypto>(matches: clap::ArgMatches) where
 
 			println!("Using a genesis hash of {}", HexDisplay::from(&genesis_hash.as_ref()));
 
-			let raw_payload = (
+			let raw_payload = SignedPayload::from_raw(
 				function,
 				extra(index, 0),
-				(&genesis_hash, &genesis_hash),
+				(VERSION.spec_version as u32, genesis_hash, genesis_hash, (), (), ()),
 			);
-			let signature = raw_payload.using_encoded(|payload| if payload.len() > 256 {
+			let signature = raw_payload.using_encoded(|payload| {
-				signer.sign(&blake2_256(payload)[..])
-			} else {
 				println!("Signing {}", HexDisplay::from(&payload));
 				signer.sign(payload)
 			});
+			let (function, extra, _) = raw_payload.deconstruct();
 			let extrinsic = UncheckedExtrinsic::new_signed(
-				raw_payload.0,
+				function,
 				signer.public().into(),
 				signature.into(),
-				extra(index, 0),
+				extra,
 			);
 			println!("0x{}", hex::encode(&extrinsic.encode()));
 		}