// Copyright 2020 Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
// This file is part of Polkadot.
// Polkadot is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
// Polkadot is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
// GNU General Public License for more details.
// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
// along with Polkadot. If not, see .
//! The bitfield distribution
//!
//! In case this node is a validator, gossips its own signed availability bitfield
//! for a particular relay parent.
//! Independently of that, gossips on received messages from peers to other interested peers.
#![deny(unused_crate_dependencies)]
use codec::{Decode, Encode};
use futures::{channel::oneshot, FutureExt, TryFutureExt};
use log::{trace, warn};
use polkadot_subsystem::messages::*;
use polkadot_subsystem::{
ActiveLeavesUpdate, FromOverseer, OverseerSignal, SpawnedSubsystem, Subsystem, SubsystemContext, SubsystemResult,
};
use polkadot_node_subsystem_util::metrics::{self, prometheus};
use polkadot_primitives::v1::{Hash, SignedAvailabilityBitfield, SigningContext, ValidatorId};
use polkadot_node_network_protocol::{v1 as protocol_v1, PeerId, NetworkBridgeEvent, View, ReputationChange};
use polkadot_subsystem::SubsystemError;
use std::collections::{HashMap, HashSet};
const COST_SIGNATURE_INVALID: ReputationChange =
ReputationChange::new(-100, "Bitfield signature invalid");
const COST_VALIDATOR_INDEX_INVALID: ReputationChange =
ReputationChange::new(-100, "Bitfield validator index invalid");
const COST_MISSING_PEER_SESSION_KEY: ReputationChange =
ReputationChange::new(-133, "Missing peer session key");
const COST_NOT_IN_VIEW: ReputationChange =
ReputationChange::new(-51, "Not interested in that parent hash");
const COST_PEER_DUPLICATE_MESSAGE: ReputationChange =
ReputationChange::new(-500, "Peer sent the same message multiple times");
const BENEFIT_VALID_MESSAGE_FIRST: ReputationChange =
ReputationChange::new(15, "Valid message with new information");
const BENEFIT_VALID_MESSAGE: ReputationChange =
ReputationChange::new(10, "Valid message");
/// Checked signed availability bitfield that is distributed
/// to other peers.
#[derive(Encode, Decode, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
struct BitfieldGossipMessage {
/// The relay parent this message is relative to.
relay_parent: Hash,
/// The actual signed availability bitfield.
signed_availability: SignedAvailabilityBitfield,
}
impl BitfieldGossipMessage {
fn into_validation_protocol(self) -> protocol_v1::ValidationProtocol {
protocol_v1::ValidationProtocol::BitfieldDistribution(
self.into_network_message()
)
}
fn into_network_message(self)
-> protocol_v1::BitfieldDistributionMessage
{
protocol_v1::BitfieldDistributionMessage::Bitfield(
self.relay_parent,
self.signed_availability,
)
}
}
/// Data used to track information of peers and relay parents the
/// overseer ordered us to work on.
#[derive(Default, Clone)]
struct ProtocolState {
/// track all active peers and their views
/// to determine what is relevant to them.
peer_views: HashMap,
/// Our current view.
view: View,
/// Additional data particular to a relay parent.
per_relay_parent: HashMap,
}
/// Data for a particular relay parent.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default)]
struct PerRelayParentData {
/// Signing context for a particular relay parent.
signing_context: SigningContext,
/// Set of validators for a particular relay parent.
validator_set: Vec,
/// Set of validators for a particular relay parent for which we
/// received a valid `BitfieldGossipMessage`.
/// Also serves as the list of known messages for peers connecting
/// after bitfield gossips were already received.
one_per_validator: HashMap,
/// Avoid duplicate message transmission to our peers.
message_sent_to_peer: HashMap>,
/// Track messages that were already received by a peer
/// to prevent flooding.
message_received_from_peer: HashMap>,
}
impl PerRelayParentData {
/// Determines if that particular message signed by a validator is needed by the given peer.
fn message_from_validator_needed_by_peer(
&self,
peer: &PeerId,
validator: &ValidatorId,
) -> bool {
if let Some(set) = self.message_sent_to_peer.get(peer) {
!set.contains(validator)
} else {
false
}
}
}
const TARGET: &'static str = "bitd";
/// The bitfield distribution subsystem.
pub struct BitfieldDistribution {
metrics: Metrics,
}
impl BitfieldDistribution {
/// Create a new instance of the `BitfieldDistribution` subsystem.
pub fn new(metrics: Metrics) -> Self {
Self { metrics }
}
/// Start processing work as passed on from the Overseer.
async fn run(self, mut ctx: Context) -> SubsystemResult<()>
where
Context: SubsystemContext,
{
// work: process incoming messages from the overseer and process accordingly.
let mut state = ProtocolState::default();
loop {
let message = ctx.recv().await?;
match message {
FromOverseer::Communication {
msg: BitfieldDistributionMessage::DistributeBitfield(hash, signed_availability),
} => {
trace!(target: TARGET, "Processing DistributeBitfield");
handle_bitfield_distribution(&mut ctx, &mut state, &self.metrics, hash, signed_availability)
.await?;
}
FromOverseer::Communication {
msg: BitfieldDistributionMessage::NetworkBridgeUpdateV1(event),
} => {
trace!(target: TARGET, "Processing NetworkMessage");
// a network message was received
if let Err(e) = handle_network_msg(&mut ctx, &mut state, &self.metrics, event).await {
warn!(target: TARGET, "Failed to handle incoming network messages: {:?}", e);
}
}
FromOverseer::Signal(OverseerSignal::ActiveLeaves(ActiveLeavesUpdate { activated, deactivated })) => {
for relay_parent in activated {
trace!(target: TARGET, "Start {:?}", relay_parent);
// query basic system parameters once
if let Some((validator_set, signing_context)) =
query_basics(&mut ctx, relay_parent).await?
{
// If our runtime API fails, we don't take down the node,
// but we might alter peers' reputations erroneously as a result
// of not having the correct bookkeeping. If we have lost a race
// with state pruning, it is unlikely that peers will be sending
// us anything to do with this relay-parent anyway.
let _ = state.per_relay_parent.insert(
relay_parent,
PerRelayParentData {
signing_context,
validator_set,
..Default::default()
},
);
}
}
for relay_parent in deactivated {
trace!(target: TARGET, "Stop {:?}", relay_parent);
// defer the cleanup to the view change
}
}
FromOverseer::Signal(OverseerSignal::BlockFinalized(hash)) => {
trace!(target: TARGET, "Block finalized {:?}", hash);
}
FromOverseer::Signal(OverseerSignal::Conclude) => {
trace!(target: TARGET, "Conclude");
return Ok(());
}
}
}
}
}
/// Modify the reputation of a peer based on its behaviour.
async fn modify_reputation(
ctx: &mut Context,
peer: PeerId,
rep: ReputationChange,
) -> SubsystemResult<()>
where
Context: SubsystemContext,
{
trace!(target: TARGET, "Reputation change of {:?} for peer {:?}", rep, peer);
ctx.send_message(AllMessages::NetworkBridge(
NetworkBridgeMessage::ReportPeer(peer, rep),
))
.await
}
/// Distribute a given valid and signature checked bitfield message.
///
/// For this variant the source is this node.
async fn handle_bitfield_distribution(
ctx: &mut Context,
state: &mut ProtocolState,
metrics: &Metrics,
relay_parent: Hash,
signed_availability: SignedAvailabilityBitfield,
) -> SubsystemResult<()>
where
Context: SubsystemContext,
{
// Ignore anything the overseer did not tell this subsystem to work on
let mut job_data = state.per_relay_parent.get_mut(&relay_parent);
let job_data: &mut _ = if let Some(ref mut job_data) = job_data {
job_data
} else {
trace!(
target: TARGET,
"Not supposed to work on relay parent {} related data",
relay_parent
);
return Ok(());
};
let validator_set = &job_data.validator_set;
if validator_set.is_empty() {
trace!(target: TARGET, "Validator set for {:?} is empty", relay_parent);
return Ok(());
}
let validator_index = signed_availability.validator_index() as usize;
let validator = if let Some(validator) = validator_set.get(validator_index) {
validator.clone()
} else {
trace!(target: TARGET, "Could not find a validator for index {}", validator_index);
return Ok(());
};
let peer_views = &mut state.peer_views;
let msg = BitfieldGossipMessage {
relay_parent,
signed_availability,
};
relay_message(ctx, job_data, peer_views, validator, msg).await?;
metrics.on_own_bitfield_gossipped();
Ok(())
}
/// Distribute a given valid and signature checked bitfield message.
///
/// Can be originated by another subsystem or received via network from another peer.
async fn relay_message(
ctx: &mut Context,
job_data: &mut PerRelayParentData,
peer_views: &mut HashMap,
validator: ValidatorId,
message: BitfieldGossipMessage,
) -> SubsystemResult<()>
where
Context: SubsystemContext,
{
// notify the overseer about a new and valid signed bitfield
ctx.send_message(AllMessages::Provisioner(
ProvisionerMessage::ProvisionableData(
message.relay_parent,
ProvisionableData::Bitfield(
message.relay_parent,
message.signed_availability.clone(),
),
),
))
.await?;
let message_sent_to_peer = &mut (job_data.message_sent_to_peer);
// pass on the bitfield distribution to all interested peers
let interested_peers = peer_views
.iter()
.filter_map(|(peer, view)| {
// check interest in the peer in this message's relay parent
if view.contains(&message.relay_parent) {
// track the message as sent for this peer
message_sent_to_peer
.entry(peer.clone())
.or_default()
.insert(validator.clone());
Some(peer.clone())
} else {
None
}
})
.collect::>();
if interested_peers.is_empty() {
trace!(
target: TARGET,
"No peers are interested in gossip for relay parent {:?}",
message.relay_parent
);
} else {
ctx.send_message(AllMessages::NetworkBridge(
NetworkBridgeMessage::SendValidationMessage(
interested_peers,
message.into_validation_protocol(),
),
))
.await?;
}
Ok(())
}
/// Handle an incoming message from a peer.
async fn process_incoming_peer_message(
ctx: &mut Context,
state: &mut ProtocolState,
metrics: &Metrics,
origin: PeerId,
message: BitfieldGossipMessage,
) -> SubsystemResult<()>
where
Context: SubsystemContext,
{
// we don't care about this, not part of our view.
if !state.view.contains(&message.relay_parent) {
return modify_reputation(ctx, origin, COST_NOT_IN_VIEW).await;
}
// Ignore anything the overseer did not tell this subsystem to work on.
let mut job_data = state.per_relay_parent.get_mut(&message.relay_parent);
let job_data: &mut _ = if let Some(ref mut job_data) = job_data {
job_data
} else {
return modify_reputation(ctx, origin, COST_NOT_IN_VIEW).await;
};
let validator_set = &job_data.validator_set;
if validator_set.is_empty() {
trace!(
target: TARGET,
"Validator set for relay parent {:?} is empty",
&message.relay_parent
);
return modify_reputation(ctx, origin, COST_MISSING_PEER_SESSION_KEY).await;
}
// Use the (untrusted) validator index provided by the signed payload
// and see if that one actually signed the availability bitset.
let signing_context = job_data.signing_context.clone();
let validator_index = message.signed_availability.validator_index() as usize;
let validator = if let Some(validator) = validator_set.get(validator_index) {
validator.clone()
} else {
return modify_reputation(ctx, origin, COST_VALIDATOR_INDEX_INVALID).await;
};
// Check if the peer already sent us a message for the validator denoted in the message earlier.
// Must be done after validator index verification, in order to avoid storing an unbounded
// number of set entries.
let received_set = job_data
.message_received_from_peer
.entry(origin.clone())
.or_default();
if !received_set.contains(&validator) {
received_set.insert(validator.clone());
} else {
return modify_reputation(ctx, origin, COST_PEER_DUPLICATE_MESSAGE).await;
};
if message
.signed_availability
.check_signature(&signing_context, &validator)
.is_ok()
{
metrics.on_bitfield_received();
let one_per_validator = &mut (job_data.one_per_validator);
// only relay_message a message of a validator once
if one_per_validator.get(&validator).is_some() {
trace!(
target: TARGET,
"Already received a message for validator at index {}",
validator_index
);
modify_reputation(ctx, origin, BENEFIT_VALID_MESSAGE).await?;
return Ok(());
}
one_per_validator.insert(validator.clone(), message.clone());
relay_message(ctx, job_data, &mut state.peer_views, validator, message).await?;
modify_reputation(ctx, origin, BENEFIT_VALID_MESSAGE_FIRST).await
} else {
modify_reputation(ctx, origin, COST_SIGNATURE_INVALID).await
}
}
/// Deal with network bridge updates and track what needs to be tracked
/// which depends on the message type received.
async fn handle_network_msg(
ctx: &mut Context,
state: &mut ProtocolState,
metrics: &Metrics,
bridge_message: NetworkBridgeEvent,
) -> SubsystemResult<()>
where
Context: SubsystemContext,
{
match bridge_message {
NetworkBridgeEvent::PeerConnected(peerid, _role) => {
// insert if none already present
state.peer_views.entry(peerid).or_default();
}
NetworkBridgeEvent::PeerDisconnected(peerid) => {
// get rid of superfluous data
state.peer_views.remove(&peerid);
}
NetworkBridgeEvent::PeerViewChange(peerid, view) => {
handle_peer_view_change(ctx, state, peerid, view).await?;
}
NetworkBridgeEvent::OurViewChange(view) => {
handle_our_view_change(state, view)?;
}
NetworkBridgeEvent::PeerMessage(remote, message) => {
match message {
protocol_v1::BitfieldDistributionMessage::Bitfield(relay_parent, bitfield) => {
trace!(target: TARGET, "Received bitfield gossip from peer {:?}", &remote);
let gossiped_bitfield = BitfieldGossipMessage {
relay_parent,
signed_availability: bitfield,
};
process_incoming_peer_message(ctx, state, metrics, remote, gossiped_bitfield).await?;
}
}
}
}
Ok(())
}
/// Handle the changes necassary when our view changes.
fn handle_our_view_change(state: &mut ProtocolState, view: View) -> SubsystemResult<()> {
let old_view = std::mem::replace(&mut (state.view), view);
for added in state.view.difference(&old_view) {
if !state.per_relay_parent.contains_key(&added) {
warn!(
target: TARGET,
"Our view contains {} but the overseer never told use we should work on this",
&added
);
}
}
for removed in old_view.difference(&state.view) {
// cleanup relay parents we are not interested in any more
let _ = state.per_relay_parent.remove(&removed);
}
Ok(())
}
// Send the difference between two views which were not sent
// to that particular peer.
async fn handle_peer_view_change(
ctx: &mut Context,
state: &mut ProtocolState,
origin: PeerId,
view: View,
) -> SubsystemResult<()>
where
Context: SubsystemContext,
{
let current = state.peer_views.entry(origin.clone()).or_default();
let added: Vec = view.difference(&*current).cloned().collect();
*current = view;
// Send all messages we've seen before and the peer is now interested
// in to that peer.
let delta_set: Vec<(ValidatorId, BitfieldGossipMessage)> = added
.into_iter()
.filter_map(|new_relay_parent_interest| {
if let Some(job_data) = (&*state).per_relay_parent.get(&new_relay_parent_interest) {
// Send all jointly known messages for a validator (given the current relay parent)
// to the peer `origin`...
let one_per_validator = job_data.one_per_validator.clone();
let origin = origin.clone();
Some(
one_per_validator
.into_iter()
.filter(move |(validator, _message)| {
// ..except for the ones the peer already has.
job_data.message_from_validator_needed_by_peer(&origin, validator)
}),
)
} else {
// A relay parent is in the peers view, which is not in ours, ignore those.
None
}
})
.flatten()
.collect();
for (validator, message) in delta_set.into_iter() {
send_tracked_gossip_message(ctx, state, origin.clone(), validator, message).await?;
}
Ok(())
}
/// Send a gossip message and track it in the per relay parent data.
async fn send_tracked_gossip_message(
ctx: &mut Context,
state: &mut ProtocolState,
dest: PeerId,
validator: ValidatorId,
message: BitfieldGossipMessage,
) -> SubsystemResult<()>
where
Context: SubsystemContext,
{
let job_data = if let Some(job_data) = state.per_relay_parent.get_mut(&message.relay_parent) {
job_data
} else {
return Ok(());
};
let message_sent_to_peer = &mut (job_data.message_sent_to_peer);
message_sent_to_peer
.entry(dest.clone())
.or_default()
.insert(validator.clone());
ctx.send_message(AllMessages::NetworkBridge(
NetworkBridgeMessage::SendValidationMessage(
vec![dest],
message.into_validation_protocol(),
),
))
.await?;
Ok(())
}
impl Subsystem for BitfieldDistribution
where
C: SubsystemContext + Sync + Send,
{
fn start(self, ctx: C) -> SpawnedSubsystem {
let future = self.run(ctx)
.map_err(|e| {
SubsystemError::with_origin("bitfield-distribution", e)
})
.boxed();
SpawnedSubsystem {
name: "bitfield-distribution-subsystem",
future,
}
}
}
/// Query our validator set and signing context for a particular relay parent.
async fn query_basics(
ctx: &mut Context,
relay_parent: Hash,
) -> SubsystemResult