// This file is part of Substrate.

// Copyright (C) 2019-2021 Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
// 	http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.

//! # Vesting Pallet
//!
//! - [`Config`]
//! - [`Call`]
//!
//! ## Overview
//!
//! A simple pallet providing a means of placing a linear curve on an account's locked balance. This
//! pallet ensures that there is a lock in place preventing the balance to drop below the *unvested*
//! amount for any reason other than transaction fee payment.
//!
//! As the amount vested increases over time, the amount unvested reduces. However, locks remain in
//! place and explicit action is needed on behalf of the user to ensure that the amount locked is
//! equivalent to the amount remaining to be vested. This is done through a dispatchable function,
//! either `vest` (in typical case where the sender is calling on their own behalf) or `vest_other`
//! in case the sender is calling on another account's behalf.
//!
//! ## Interface
//!
//! This pallet implements the `VestingSchedule` trait.
//!
//! ### Dispatchable Functions
//!
//! - `vest` - Update the lock, reducing it in line with the amount "vested" so far.
//! - `vest_other` - Update the lock of another account, reducing it in line with the amount
//!   "vested" so far.

#![cfg_attr(not(feature = "std"), no_std)]

mod benchmarking;
pub mod weights;

use sp_std::prelude::*;
use sp_std::fmt::Debug;
use codec::{Encode, Decode};
use sp_runtime::{RuntimeDebug, traits::{
	StaticLookup, Zero, AtLeast32BitUnsigned, MaybeSerializeDeserialize, Convert
}};
use frame_support::{ensure, pallet_prelude::*};
use frame_support::traits::{
	Currency, LockableCurrency, VestingSchedule, WithdrawReasons, LockIdentifier,
	ExistenceRequirement, Get,
};
use frame_system::{ensure_signed, ensure_root, pallet_prelude::*};
pub use weights::WeightInfo;
pub use pallet::*;

type BalanceOf<T> = <<T as Config>::Currency as Currency<<T as frame_system::Config>::AccountId>>::Balance;
type MaxLocksOf<T> = <<T as Config>::Currency as LockableCurrency<<T as frame_system::Config>::AccountId>>::MaxLocks;

const VESTING_ID: LockIdentifier = *b"vesting ";

/// Struct to encode the vesting schedule of an individual account.
#[derive(Encode, Decode, Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, RuntimeDebug)]
pub struct VestingInfo<Balance, BlockNumber> {
	/// Locked amount at genesis.
	pub locked: Balance,
	/// Amount that gets unlocked every block after `starting_block`.
	pub per_block: Balance,
	/// Starting block for unlocking(vesting).
	pub starting_block: BlockNumber,
}

impl<
	Balance: AtLeast32BitUnsigned + Copy,
	BlockNumber: AtLeast32BitUnsigned + Copy,
> VestingInfo<Balance, BlockNumber> {
	/// Amount locked at block `n`.
	pub fn locked_at<
		BlockNumberToBalance: Convert<BlockNumber, Balance>
	>(&self, n: BlockNumber) -> Balance {
		// Number of blocks that count toward vesting
		// Saturating to 0 when n < starting_block
		let vested_block_count = n.saturating_sub(self.starting_block);
		let vested_block_count = BlockNumberToBalance::convert(vested_block_count);
		// Return amount that is still locked in vesting
		let maybe_balance = vested_block_count.checked_mul(&self.per_block);
		if let Some(balance) = maybe_balance {
			self.locked.saturating_sub(balance)
		} else {
			Zero::zero()
		}
	}
}

#[frame_support::pallet]
pub mod pallet {
	use super::*;

	#[pallet::config]
	pub trait Config: frame_system::Config {
		/// The overarching event type.
		type Event: From<Event<Self>> + IsType<<Self as frame_system::Config>::Event>;

		/// The currency trait.
		type Currency: LockableCurrency<Self::AccountId>;

		/// Convert the block number into a balance.
		type BlockNumberToBalance: Convert<Self::BlockNumber, BalanceOf<Self>>;

		/// The minimum amount transferred to call `vested_transfer`.
		#[pallet::constant]
		type MinVestedTransfer: Get<BalanceOf<Self>>;

		/// Weight information for extrinsics in this pallet.
		type WeightInfo: WeightInfo;
	}

	/// Information regarding the vesting of a given account.
	#[pallet::storage]
	#[pallet::getter(fn vesting)]
	pub type Vesting<T: Config> = StorageMap<
		_,
		Blake2_128Concat,
		T::AccountId,
		VestingInfo<BalanceOf<T>, T::BlockNumber>,
	>;

	#[pallet::pallet]
	#[pallet::generate_store(pub(super) trait Store)]
	pub struct Pallet<T>(_);

	#[pallet::genesis_config]
	pub struct GenesisConfig<T: Config> {
		pub vesting: Vec<(T::AccountId, T::BlockNumber, T::BlockNumber, BalanceOf<T>)>,
	}

	#[cfg(feature = "std")]
	impl<T: Config> Default for GenesisConfig<T> {
		fn default() -> Self {
			GenesisConfig {
				vesting: Default::default(),
			}
		}
	}

	#[pallet::genesis_build]
	impl<T: Config> GenesisBuild<T> for GenesisConfig<T> {
		fn build(&self) {
			use sp_runtime::traits::Saturating;

			// Generate initial vesting configuration
			// * who - Account which we are generating vesting configuration for
			// * begin - Block when the account will start to vest
			// * length - Number of blocks from `begin` until fully vested
			// * liquid - Number of units which can be spent before vesting begins
			for &(ref who, begin, length, liquid) in self.vesting.iter() {
				let balance = T::Currency::free_balance(who);
				assert!(!balance.is_zero(), "Currencies must be init'd before vesting");
				// Total genesis `balance` minus `liquid` equals funds locked for vesting
				let locked = balance.saturating_sub(liquid);
				let length_as_balance = T::BlockNumberToBalance::convert(length);
				let per_block = locked / length_as_balance.max(sp_runtime::traits::One::one());

				Vesting::<T>::insert(who, VestingInfo {
					locked: locked,
					per_block: per_block,
					starting_block: begin
				});
				let reasons = WithdrawReasons::TRANSFER | WithdrawReasons::RESERVE;
				T::Currency::set_lock(VESTING_ID, who, locked, reasons);
			}
		}
	}

	#[pallet::event]
	#[pallet::generate_deposit(pub(super) fn deposit_event)]
	#[pallet::metadata(T::AccountId = "AccountId", BalanceOf<T> = "Balance")]
	pub enum Event<T: Config> {
		/// The amount vested has been updated. This could indicate more funds are available. The
		/// balance given is the amount which is left unvested (and thus locked).
		/// \[account, unvested\]
		VestingUpdated(T::AccountId, BalanceOf<T>),
		/// An \[account\] has become fully vested. No further vesting can happen.
		VestingCompleted(T::AccountId),
	}

	/// Error for the vesting pallet.
	#[pallet::error]
	pub enum Error<T> {
		/// The account given is not vesting.
		NotVesting,
		/// An existing vesting schedule already exists for this account that cannot be clobbered.
		ExistingVestingSchedule,
		/// Amount being transferred is too low to create a vesting schedule.
		AmountLow,
	}

	#[pallet::hooks]
	impl<T: Config> Hooks<BlockNumberFor<T>> for Pallet<T> {}

	#[pallet::call]
	impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
		/// Unlock any vested funds of the sender account.
		///
		/// The dispatch origin for this call must be _Signed_ and the sender must have funds still
		/// locked under this pallet.
		///
		/// Emits either `VestingCompleted` or `VestingUpdated`.
		///
		/// # <weight>
		/// - `O(1)`.
		/// - DbWeight: 2 Reads, 2 Writes
		///     - Reads: Vesting Storage, Balances Locks, [Sender Account]
		///     - Writes: Vesting Storage, Balances Locks, [Sender Account]
		/// # </weight>
		#[pallet::weight(T::WeightInfo::vest_locked(MaxLocksOf::<T>::get())
			.max(T::WeightInfo::vest_unlocked(MaxLocksOf::<T>::get()))
		)]
		pub fn vest(origin: OriginFor<T>) -> DispatchResult {
			let who = ensure_signed(origin)?;
			Self::update_lock(who)
		}

		/// Unlock any vested funds of a `target` account.
		///
		/// The dispatch origin for this call must be _Signed_.
		///
		/// - `target`: The account whose vested funds should be unlocked. Must have funds still
		/// locked under this pallet.
		///
		/// Emits either `VestingCompleted` or `VestingUpdated`.
		///
		/// # <weight>
		/// - `O(1)`.
		/// - DbWeight: 3 Reads, 3 Writes
		///     - Reads: Vesting Storage, Balances Locks, Target Account
		///     - Writes: Vesting Storage, Balances Locks, Target Account
		/// # </weight>
		#[pallet::weight(T::WeightInfo::vest_other_locked(MaxLocksOf::<T>::get())
			.max(T::WeightInfo::vest_other_unlocked(MaxLocksOf::<T>::get()))
		)]
		pub fn vest_other(origin: OriginFor<T>, target: <T::Lookup as StaticLookup>::Source) -> DispatchResult {
			ensure_signed(origin)?;
			Self::update_lock(T::Lookup::lookup(target)?)
		}

		/// Create a vested transfer.
		///
		/// The dispatch origin for this call must be _Signed_.
		///
		/// - `target`: The account that should be transferred the vested funds.
		/// - `amount`: The amount of funds to transfer and will be vested.
		/// - `schedule`: The vesting schedule attached to the transfer.
		///
		/// Emits `VestingCreated`.
		///
		/// # <weight>
		/// - `O(1)`.
		/// - DbWeight: 3 Reads, 3 Writes
		///     - Reads: Vesting Storage, Balances Locks, Target Account, [Sender Account]
		///     - Writes: Vesting Storage, Balances Locks, Target Account, [Sender Account]
		/// # </weight>
		#[pallet::weight(T::WeightInfo::vested_transfer(MaxLocksOf::<T>::get()))]
		pub fn vested_transfer(
			origin: OriginFor<T>,
			target: <T::Lookup as StaticLookup>::Source,
			schedule: VestingInfo<BalanceOf<T>, T::BlockNumber>,
		) -> DispatchResult {
			let transactor = ensure_signed(origin)?;
			ensure!(schedule.locked >= T::MinVestedTransfer::get(), Error::<T>::AmountLow);

			let who = T::Lookup::lookup(target)?;
			ensure!(!Vesting::<T>::contains_key(&who), Error::<T>::ExistingVestingSchedule);

			T::Currency::transfer(&transactor, &who, schedule.locked, ExistenceRequirement::AllowDeath)?;

			Self::add_vesting_schedule(&who, schedule.locked, schedule.per_block, schedule.starting_block)
				.expect("user does not have an existing vesting schedule; q.e.d.");

			Ok(())
		}

		/// Force a vested transfer.
		///
		/// The dispatch origin for this call must be _Root_.
		///
		/// - `source`: The account whose funds should be transferred.
		/// - `target`: The account that should be transferred the vested funds.
		/// - `amount`: The amount of funds to transfer and will be vested.
		/// - `schedule`: The vesting schedule attached to the transfer.
		///
		/// Emits `VestingCreated`.
		///
		/// # <weight>
		/// - `O(1)`.
		/// - DbWeight: 4 Reads, 4 Writes
		///     - Reads: Vesting Storage, Balances Locks, Target Account, Source Account
		///     - Writes: Vesting Storage, Balances Locks, Target Account, Source Account
		/// # </weight>
		#[pallet::weight(T::WeightInfo::force_vested_transfer(MaxLocksOf::<T>::get()))]
		pub fn force_vested_transfer(
			origin: OriginFor<T>,
			source: <T::Lookup as StaticLookup>::Source,
			target: <T::Lookup as StaticLookup>::Source,
			schedule: VestingInfo<BalanceOf<T>, T::BlockNumber>,
		) -> DispatchResult {
			ensure_root(origin)?;
			ensure!(schedule.locked >= T::MinVestedTransfer::get(), Error::<T>::AmountLow);

			let target = T::Lookup::lookup(target)?;
			let source = T::Lookup::lookup(source)?;
			ensure!(!Vesting::<T>::contains_key(&target), Error::<T>::ExistingVestingSchedule);

			T::Currency::transfer(&source, &target, schedule.locked, ExistenceRequirement::AllowDeath)?;

			Self::add_vesting_schedule(&target, schedule.locked, schedule.per_block, schedule.starting_block)
				.expect("user does not have an existing vesting schedule; q.e.d.");

			Ok(())
		}
	}
}

impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
	/// (Re)set or remove the pallet's currency lock on `who`'s account in accordance with their
	/// current unvested amount.
	fn update_lock(who: T::AccountId) -> DispatchResult {
		let vesting = Self::vesting(&who).ok_or(Error::<T>::NotVesting)?;
		let now = <frame_system::Pallet<T>>::block_number();
		let locked_now = vesting.locked_at::<T::BlockNumberToBalance>(now);

		if locked_now.is_zero() {
			T::Currency::remove_lock(VESTING_ID, &who);
			Vesting::<T>::remove(&who);
			Self::deposit_event(Event::<T>::VestingCompleted(who));
		} else {
			let reasons = WithdrawReasons::TRANSFER | WithdrawReasons::RESERVE;
			T::Currency::set_lock(VESTING_ID, &who, locked_now, reasons);
			Self::deposit_event(Event::<T>::VestingUpdated(who, locked_now));
		}
		Ok(())
	}
}

impl<T: Config> VestingSchedule<T::AccountId> for Pallet<T> where
	BalanceOf<T>: MaybeSerializeDeserialize + Debug
{
	type Moment = T::BlockNumber;
	type Currency = T::Currency;

	/// Get the amount that is currently being vested and cannot be transferred out of this account.
	fn vesting_balance(who: &T::AccountId) -> Option<BalanceOf<T>> {
		if let Some(v) = Self::vesting(who) {
			let now = <frame_system::Pallet<T>>::block_number();
			let locked_now = v.locked_at::<T::BlockNumberToBalance>(now);
			Some(T::Currency::free_balance(who).min(locked_now))
		} else {
			None
		}
	}

	/// Adds a vesting schedule to a given account.
	///
	/// If there already exists a vesting schedule for the given account, an `Err` is returned
	/// and nothing is updated.
	///
	/// On success, a linearly reducing amount of funds will be locked. In order to realise any
	/// reduction of the lock over time as it diminishes, the account owner must use `vest` or
	/// `vest_other`.
	///
	/// Is a no-op if the amount to be vested is zero.
	fn add_vesting_schedule(
		who: &T::AccountId,
		locked: BalanceOf<T>,
		per_block: BalanceOf<T>,
		starting_block: T::BlockNumber
	) -> DispatchResult {
		if locked.is_zero() { return Ok(()) }
		if Vesting::<T>::contains_key(who) {
			Err(Error::<T>::ExistingVestingSchedule)?
		}
		let vesting_schedule = VestingInfo {
			locked,
			per_block,
			starting_block
		};
		Vesting::<T>::insert(who, vesting_schedule);
		// it can't fail, but even if somehow it did, we don't really care.
		let res = Self::update_lock(who.clone());
		debug_assert!(res.is_ok());
		Ok(())
	}

	/// Remove a vesting schedule for a given account.
	fn remove_vesting_schedule(who: &T::AccountId) {
		Vesting::<T>::remove(who);
		// it can't fail, but even if somehow it did, we don't really care.
		let res = Self::update_lock(who.clone());
		debug_assert!(res.is_ok());
	}
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
	use super::*;
	use crate as pallet_vesting;

	use frame_support::{assert_ok, assert_noop, parameter_types};
	use sp_core::H256;
	use sp_runtime::{
		testing::Header,
		traits::{BlakeTwo256, IdentityLookup, Identity, BadOrigin},
	};
	use frame_system::RawOrigin;

	type UncheckedExtrinsic = frame_system::mocking::MockUncheckedExtrinsic<Test>;
	type Block = frame_system::mocking::MockBlock<Test>;

	frame_support::construct_runtime!(
		pub enum Test where
			Block = Block,
			NodeBlock = Block,
			UncheckedExtrinsic = UncheckedExtrinsic,
		{
			System: frame_system::{Pallet, Call, Config, Storage, Event<T>},
			Balances: pallet_balances::{Pallet, Call, Storage, Config<T>, Event<T>},
			Vesting: pallet_vesting::{Pallet, Call, Storage, Event<T>, Config<T>},
		}
	);

	parameter_types! {
		pub const BlockHashCount: u64 = 250;
		pub BlockWeights: frame_system::limits::BlockWeights =
			frame_system::limits::BlockWeights::simple_max(1024);
	}
	impl frame_system::Config for Test {
		type BaseCallFilter = ();
		type BlockWeights = ();
		type BlockLength = ();
		type DbWeight = ();
		type Origin = Origin;
		type Index = u64;
		type BlockNumber = u64;
		type Hash = H256;
		type Call = Call;
		type Hashing = BlakeTwo256;
		type AccountId = u64;
		type Lookup = IdentityLookup<Self::AccountId>;
		type Header = Header;
		type Event = Event;
		type BlockHashCount = BlockHashCount;
		type Version = ();
		type PalletInfo = PalletInfo;
		type AccountData = pallet_balances::AccountData<u64>;
		type OnNewAccount = ();
		type OnKilledAccount = ();
		type SystemWeightInfo = ();
		type SS58Prefix = ();
		type OnSetCode = ();
	}
	parameter_types! {
		pub const MaxLocks: u32 = 10;
	}
	impl pallet_balances::Config for Test {
		type Balance = u64;
		type DustRemoval = ();
		type Event = Event;
		type ExistentialDeposit = ExistentialDeposit;
		type AccountStore = System;
		type MaxLocks = MaxLocks;
		type WeightInfo = ();
	}
	parameter_types! {
		pub const MinVestedTransfer: u64 = 256 * 2;
		pub static ExistentialDeposit: u64 = 0;
	}
	impl Config for Test {
		type Event = Event;
		type Currency = Balances;
		type BlockNumberToBalance = Identity;
		type MinVestedTransfer = MinVestedTransfer;
		type WeightInfo = ();
	}

	pub struct ExtBuilder {
		existential_deposit: u64,
	}
	impl Default for ExtBuilder {
		fn default() -> Self {
			Self {
				existential_deposit: 1,
			}
		}
	}
	impl ExtBuilder {
		pub fn existential_deposit(mut self, existential_deposit: u64) -> Self {
			self.existential_deposit = existential_deposit;
			self
		}
		pub fn build(self) -> sp_io::TestExternalities {
			EXISTENTIAL_DEPOSIT.with(|v| *v.borrow_mut() = self.existential_deposit);
			let mut t = frame_system::GenesisConfig::default().build_storage::<Test>().unwrap();
			pallet_balances::GenesisConfig::<Test> {
				balances: vec![
					(1, 10 * self.existential_deposit),
					(2, 20 * self.existential_deposit),
					(3, 30 * self.existential_deposit),
					(4, 40 * self.existential_deposit),
					(12, 10 * self.existential_deposit)
				],
			}.assimilate_storage(&mut t).unwrap();
			pallet_vesting::GenesisConfig::<Test> {
				vesting: vec![
					(1, 0, 10, 5 * self.existential_deposit),
					(2, 10, 20, 0),
					(12, 10, 20, 5 * self.existential_deposit)
				],
			}.assimilate_storage(&mut t).unwrap();
			let mut ext = sp_io::TestExternalities::new(t);
			ext.execute_with(|| System::set_block_number(1));
			ext
		}
	}

	#[test]
	fn check_vesting_status() {
		ExtBuilder::default()
			.existential_deposit(256)
			.build()
			.execute_with(|| {
				let user1_free_balance = Balances::free_balance(&1);
				let user2_free_balance = Balances::free_balance(&2);
				let user12_free_balance = Balances::free_balance(&12);
				assert_eq!(user1_free_balance, 256 * 10); // Account 1 has free balance
				assert_eq!(user2_free_balance, 256 * 20); // Account 2 has free balance
				assert_eq!(user12_free_balance, 256 * 10); // Account 12 has free balance
				let user1_vesting_schedule = VestingInfo {
					locked: 256 * 5,
					per_block: 128, // Vesting over 10 blocks
					starting_block: 0,
				};
				let user2_vesting_schedule = VestingInfo {
					locked: 256 * 20,
					per_block: 256, // Vesting over 20 blocks
					starting_block: 10,
				};
				let user12_vesting_schedule = VestingInfo {
					locked: 256 * 5,
					per_block: 64, // Vesting over 20 blocks
					starting_block: 10,
				};
				assert_eq!(Vesting::vesting(&1), Some(user1_vesting_schedule)); // Account 1 has a vesting schedule
				assert_eq!(Vesting::vesting(&2), Some(user2_vesting_schedule)); // Account 2 has a vesting schedule
				assert_eq!(Vesting::vesting(&12), Some(user12_vesting_schedule)); // Account 12 has a vesting schedule

				// Account 1 has only 128 units vested from their illiquid 256 * 5 units at block 1
				assert_eq!(Vesting::vesting_balance(&1), Some(128 * 9));
				// Account 2 has their full balance locked
				assert_eq!(Vesting::vesting_balance(&2), Some(user2_free_balance));
				// Account 12 has only their illiquid funds locked
				assert_eq!(Vesting::vesting_balance(&12), Some(user12_free_balance - 256 * 5));

				System::set_block_number(10);
				assert_eq!(System::block_number(), 10);

				// Account 1 has fully vested by block 10
				assert_eq!(Vesting::vesting_balance(&1), Some(0));
				// Account 2 has started vesting by block 10
				assert_eq!(Vesting::vesting_balance(&2), Some(user2_free_balance));
				// Account 12 has started vesting by block 10
				assert_eq!(Vesting::vesting_balance(&12), Some(user12_free_balance - 256 * 5));

				System::set_block_number(30);
				assert_eq!(System::block_number(), 30);

				assert_eq!(Vesting::vesting_balance(&1), Some(0)); // Account 1 is still fully vested, and not negative
				assert_eq!(Vesting::vesting_balance(&2), Some(0)); // Account 2 has fully vested by block 30
				assert_eq!(Vesting::vesting_balance(&12), Some(0)); // Account 2 has fully vested by block 30

			});
	}

	#[test]
	fn unvested_balance_should_not_transfer() {
		ExtBuilder::default()
			.existential_deposit(10)
			.build()
			.execute_with(|| {
				let user1_free_balance = Balances::free_balance(&1);
				assert_eq!(user1_free_balance, 100); // Account 1 has free balance
				// Account 1 has only 5 units vested at block 1 (plus 50 unvested)
				assert_eq!(Vesting::vesting_balance(&1), Some(45));
				assert_noop!(
					Balances::transfer(Some(1).into(), 2, 56),
					pallet_balances::Error::<Test, _>::LiquidityRestrictions,
				); // Account 1 cannot send more than vested amount
			});
	}

	#[test]
	fn vested_balance_should_transfer() {
		ExtBuilder::default()
			.existential_deposit(10)
			.build()
			.execute_with(|| {
				let user1_free_balance = Balances::free_balance(&1);
				assert_eq!(user1_free_balance, 100); // Account 1 has free balance
				// Account 1 has only 5 units vested at block 1 (plus 50 unvested)
				assert_eq!(Vesting::vesting_balance(&1), Some(45));
				assert_ok!(Vesting::vest(Some(1).into()));
				assert_ok!(Balances::transfer(Some(1).into(), 2, 55));
			});
	}

	#[test]
	fn vested_balance_should_transfer_using_vest_other() {
		ExtBuilder::default()
			.existential_deposit(10)
			.build()
			.execute_with(|| {
				let user1_free_balance = Balances::free_balance(&1);
				assert_eq!(user1_free_balance, 100); // Account 1 has free balance
				// Account 1 has only 5 units vested at block 1 (plus 50 unvested)
				assert_eq!(Vesting::vesting_balance(&1), Some(45));
				assert_ok!(Vesting::vest_other(Some(2).into(), 1));
				assert_ok!(Balances::transfer(Some(1).into(), 2, 55));
			});
	}

	#[test]
	fn extra_balance_should_transfer() {
		ExtBuilder::default()
			.existential_deposit(10)
			.build()
			.execute_with(|| {
				assert_ok!(Balances::transfer(Some(3).into(), 1, 100));
				assert_ok!(Balances::transfer(Some(3).into(), 2, 100));

				let user1_free_balance = Balances::free_balance(&1);
				assert_eq!(user1_free_balance, 200); // Account 1 has 100 more free balance than normal

				let user2_free_balance = Balances::free_balance(&2);
				assert_eq!(user2_free_balance, 300); // Account 2 has 100 more free balance than normal

				// Account 1 has only 5 units vested at block 1 (plus 150 unvested)
				assert_eq!(Vesting::vesting_balance(&1), Some(45));
				assert_ok!(Vesting::vest(Some(1).into()));
				assert_ok!(Balances::transfer(Some(1).into(), 3, 155)); // Account 1 can send extra units gained

				// Account 2 has no units vested at block 1, but gained 100
				assert_eq!(Vesting::vesting_balance(&2), Some(200));
				assert_ok!(Vesting::vest(Some(2).into()));
				assert_ok!(Balances::transfer(Some(2).into(), 3, 100)); // Account 2 can send extra units gained
			});
	}

	#[test]
	fn liquid_funds_should_transfer_with_delayed_vesting() {
		ExtBuilder::default()
			.existential_deposit(256)
			.build()
			.execute_with(|| {
				let user12_free_balance = Balances::free_balance(&12);

				assert_eq!(user12_free_balance, 2560); // Account 12 has free balance
				// Account 12 has liquid funds
				assert_eq!(Vesting::vesting_balance(&12), Some(user12_free_balance - 256 * 5));

				// Account 12 has delayed vesting
				let user12_vesting_schedule = VestingInfo {
					locked: 256 * 5,
					per_block: 64, // Vesting over 20 blocks
					starting_block: 10,
				};
				assert_eq!(Vesting::vesting(&12), Some(user12_vesting_schedule));

				// Account 12 can still send liquid funds
				assert_ok!(Balances::transfer(Some(12).into(), 3, 256 * 5));
			});
	}

	#[test]
	fn vested_transfer_works() {
		ExtBuilder::default()
			.existential_deposit(256)
			.build()
			.execute_with(|| {
				let user3_free_balance = Balances::free_balance(&3);
				let user4_free_balance = Balances::free_balance(&4);
				assert_eq!(user3_free_balance, 256 * 30);
				assert_eq!(user4_free_balance, 256 * 40);
				// Account 4 should not have any vesting yet.
				assert_eq!(Vesting::vesting(&4), None);
				// Make the schedule for the new transfer.
				let new_vesting_schedule = VestingInfo {
					locked: 256 * 5,
					per_block: 64, // Vesting over 20 blocks
					starting_block: 10,
				};
				assert_ok!(Vesting::vested_transfer(Some(3).into(), 4, new_vesting_schedule));
				// Now account 4 should have vesting.
				assert_eq!(Vesting::vesting(&4), Some(new_vesting_schedule));
				// Ensure the transfer happened correctly.
				let user3_free_balance_updated = Balances::free_balance(&3);
				assert_eq!(user3_free_balance_updated, 256 * 25);
				let user4_free_balance_updated = Balances::free_balance(&4);
				assert_eq!(user4_free_balance_updated, 256 * 45);
				// Account 4 has 5 * 256 locked.
				assert_eq!(Vesting::vesting_balance(&4), Some(256 * 5));

				System::set_block_number(20);
				assert_eq!(System::block_number(), 20);

				// Account 4 has 5 * 64 units vested by block 20.
				assert_eq!(Vesting::vesting_balance(&4), Some(10 * 64));

				System::set_block_number(30);
				assert_eq!(System::block_number(), 30);

				// Account 4 has fully vested.
				assert_eq!(Vesting::vesting_balance(&4), Some(0));
			});
	}

	#[test]
	fn vested_transfer_correctly_fails() {
		ExtBuilder::default()
			.existential_deposit(256)
			.build()
			.execute_with(|| {
				let user2_free_balance = Balances::free_balance(&2);
				let user4_free_balance = Balances::free_balance(&4);
				assert_eq!(user2_free_balance, 256 * 20);
				assert_eq!(user4_free_balance, 256 * 40);
				// Account 2 should already have a vesting schedule.
				let user2_vesting_schedule = VestingInfo {
					locked: 256 * 20,
					per_block: 256, // Vesting over 20 blocks
					starting_block: 10,
				};
				assert_eq!(Vesting::vesting(&2), Some(user2_vesting_schedule));

				// The vesting schedule we will try to create, fails due to pre-existence of schedule.
				let new_vesting_schedule = VestingInfo {
					locked: 256 * 5,
					per_block: 64, // Vesting over 20 blocks
					starting_block: 10,
				};
				assert_noop!(
					Vesting::vested_transfer(Some(4).into(), 2, new_vesting_schedule),
					Error::<Test>::ExistingVestingSchedule,
				);

				// Fails due to too low transfer amount.
				let new_vesting_schedule_too_low = VestingInfo {
					locked: 256 * 1,
					per_block: 64,
					starting_block: 10,
				};
				assert_noop!(
					Vesting::vested_transfer(Some(3).into(), 4, new_vesting_schedule_too_low),
					Error::<Test>::AmountLow,
				);

				// Verify no currency transfer happened.
				assert_eq!(user2_free_balance, 256 * 20);
				assert_eq!(user4_free_balance, 256 * 40);
			});
	}

	#[test]
	fn force_vested_transfer_works() {
		ExtBuilder::default()
			.existential_deposit(256)
			.build()
			.execute_with(|| {
				let user3_free_balance = Balances::free_balance(&3);
				let user4_free_balance = Balances::free_balance(&4);
				assert_eq!(user3_free_balance, 256 * 30);
				assert_eq!(user4_free_balance, 256 * 40);
				// Account 4 should not have any vesting yet.
				assert_eq!(Vesting::vesting(&4), None);
				// Make the schedule for the new transfer.
				let new_vesting_schedule = VestingInfo {
					locked: 256 * 5,
					per_block: 64, // Vesting over 20 blocks
					starting_block: 10,
				};
				assert_noop!(Vesting::force_vested_transfer(Some(4).into(), 3, 4, new_vesting_schedule), BadOrigin);
				assert_ok!(Vesting::force_vested_transfer(RawOrigin::Root.into(), 3, 4, new_vesting_schedule));
				// Now account 4 should have vesting.
				assert_eq!(Vesting::vesting(&4), Some(new_vesting_schedule));
				// Ensure the transfer happened correctly.
				let user3_free_balance_updated = Balances::free_balance(&3);
				assert_eq!(user3_free_balance_updated, 256 * 25);
				let user4_free_balance_updated = Balances::free_balance(&4);
				assert_eq!(user4_free_balance_updated, 256 * 45);
				// Account 4 has 5 * 256 locked.
				assert_eq!(Vesting::vesting_balance(&4), Some(256 * 5));

				System::set_block_number(20);
				assert_eq!(System::block_number(), 20);

				// Account 4 has 5 * 64 units vested by block 20.
				assert_eq!(Vesting::vesting_balance(&4), Some(10 * 64));

				System::set_block_number(30);
				assert_eq!(System::block_number(), 30);

				// Account 4 has fully vested.
				assert_eq!(Vesting::vesting_balance(&4), Some(0));
			});
	}

	#[test]
	fn force_vested_transfer_correctly_fails() {
		ExtBuilder::default()
			.existential_deposit(256)
			.build()
			.execute_with(|| {
				let user2_free_balance = Balances::free_balance(&2);
				let user4_free_balance = Balances::free_balance(&4);
				assert_eq!(user2_free_balance, 256 * 20);
				assert_eq!(user4_free_balance, 256 * 40);
				// Account 2 should already have a vesting schedule.
				let user2_vesting_schedule = VestingInfo {
					locked: 256 * 20,
					per_block: 256, // Vesting over 20 blocks
					starting_block: 10,
				};
				assert_eq!(Vesting::vesting(&2), Some(user2_vesting_schedule));

				// The vesting schedule we will try to create, fails due to pre-existence of schedule.
				let new_vesting_schedule = VestingInfo {
					locked: 256 * 5,
					per_block: 64, // Vesting over 20 blocks
					starting_block: 10,
				};
				assert_noop!(
					Vesting::force_vested_transfer(RawOrigin::Root.into(), 4, 2, new_vesting_schedule),
					Error::<Test>::ExistingVestingSchedule,
				);

				// Fails due to too low transfer amount.
				let new_vesting_schedule_too_low = VestingInfo {
					locked: 256 * 1,
					per_block: 64,
					starting_block: 10,
				};
				assert_noop!(
					Vesting::force_vested_transfer(RawOrigin::Root.into(), 3, 4, new_vesting_schedule_too_low),
					Error::<Test>::AmountLow,
				);

				// Verify no currency transfer happened.
				assert_eq!(user2_free_balance, 256 * 20);
				assert_eq!(user4_free_balance, 256 * 40);
			});
	}
}