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* srml-contracts: Rename ext_scratch_copy to ext_scratch_read. This is to disambiguate from the next ext_scratch_write function. * Remove unnecessary OutputBuf and EmptyOutputBuf. * Replace VmExecError with a result type of custom structs. * Do not drop the scratch buffer on traps and regular returns. This just reduces the number of allocations required during nested contract calls and instantiations. * Semantics for returning a status code and data from contract calls. * Remove CallReceipt and InstantiateReceipt. With forthcoming changes to return data from instantiate calls, the two types of receipts become very similar to each other and to ExecReturnValue. Instead, replace them with ExecReturnValue and a regular 2-tuple in the case of instantiation. * Modify contract function signatures to allow returning status codes. * Introduce ext_sandbox_write runtime function. * Test all the things. * Bump node runtime spec version. * Style fixes.
= SRML The Substrate Runtime Module Library (SRML) is a collection of runtime modules. == What are runtime modules? A Substrate runtime can be composed of several smaller components for separation of concerns. These components are called runtime _modules_. Each runtime module packages together a set of functions (dispatchable extrinsic calls, public or private, mutable or immutable), storage items, and events. There are four primary components that support runtime modules: === system module https://github.com/paritytech/substrate/tree/master/srml/system[`system`] provides low-level APIs and utilities for other modules. https://github.com/paritytech/substrate/tree/master/srml/system[`system`] also defines all core types and extrinsic events for the Substrate runtime. *All modules depend on the system module.* === executive module https://github.com/paritytech/substrate/tree/master/srml/executive[`executive`] dispatches incoming extrinsic calls to the respective modules in the runtime. === support macros https://github.com/paritytech/substrate/tree/master/srml/support[`support` macros] are a collection of Rust macros to facilitate the implementation of common module components. https://github.com/paritytech/substrate/tree/master/srml/support[`support` macros] expand at runtime to generate types (e.g. `Module`, `Call`, `Store`, `Event`) which are thereafter used by the runtime to communicate with the modules. Common support macros include https://crates.parity.io/srml_support/macro.decl_module.html[`decl_module`], https://crates.parity.io/srml_support_procedural/macro.decl_storage.html[`decl_storage`], https://crates.parity.io/srml_support/macro.decl_event.html[`decl_event`], and https://crates.parity.io/srml_support/macro.ensure.html[`ensure`]. === runtime The runtime expands the support macros to get type and trait implementations for each module before calling https://github.com/paritytech/substrate/tree/master/srml/executive[`executive`] to dispatch calls to the individual modules. To see an example of how this might look, see https://github.com/paritytech/substrate/blob/master/node/runtime/src/lib.rs[`../node/runtime`].