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= Structure
:Author: Substrate developers
:Revision: 0.3.0
:toc:
:sectnums:
== Overview
Substrate is split into multiple levels with increasing opinion and decreasing flexibility:
* primitives
* client
* PAINT (formerly `srml`)
Putting all these components together we have:
* Integration Tests
* Node
* Node template
* Subkey
=== Runtime
* _found in_: `/primitives`
* _crates prefix_: `sp-`
* _constraints_:
** must be `[no_std]`
** crates may not (dev-)depend on crates in other subfolders of this repo
In the lowest level, Substrate defines primitives, interfaces and traits to implement any on-chain Substrate transition system and its interactions with the outside world. This is the lowest level of abstraction and opinion that everything else builds upon.
=== Client
* _found in_: `/client`
* _crates prefix_: `substrate-`
* _constraints_:
** crates may not (dev-)depend on any `paint-`-crates
In the client you can find a set of crates to construct the outer substrate-node, implementing outer runtime interfaces, thus it depends on `runtime`. It provides the outer building blocks like transaction queue, networking layer, database backend, full* and light-client support.
=== PAINT (formerly `srml`)
* _found in_: `/paint`
* _crates prefix_: `paint-`
* _constraints_:
** all crates that go on chain, must be `[no_std]`
** must not (dev-)depend on anything in `/client`
PAINT, the Parity Application Interface for Network-wide Transitions, is a set of modules implementing specific transition functions and features one (might) want to have in their runtime.
=== integration tests
* _found in_: `/test`
* _crates prefix_: `substrate-test`
* _constraints_:
** only helpers may be published
** purely testing crates must be `publish = false`
All tests that have to pull (dev)-dependencies out of their subtree and would thus break the dependency rules are considered intergration tests and should be stored in here. Only helper-crates in here shall be published, everything else is expected to be non-publish.
=== Binaries and template
* _found in_: `/bin`
We also provide some binaries pulling from the components creating full applications.
==== Node
* _found in_: `/bin/node`
The default (testing) application pulling together our recommended setup of substrate-client with a wasm-contracts-supporting paint-runtime. The node pulls it all together, constructs the (upgradable) runtime, and wires up the client around it. You can find an example client, which includes a full wasm-contracts chain in `node`. This is also what is being built and run if you do `cargo run`.
==== Node Template
* _found in_: `/bin/node-template`
We also provide a template to get you started building your own node.
==== Subkey
* _found in_: `/bin/subkey`
Subkey is a client library to generate keys and sign transactions to send to a substrate node.
== Internal Dependency Tree
[ditaa]
....
+---------------+ +----------------+
| | | |
| runtime +<------+ paint |
| | | |
+------+-----+--+ +-------------+--+
^ ^ ^
| +----------------+ |
| | |
+------+--------+ | |
| | | |
| client | +--+-------+--------+
| +<---------+ |
+---------------+ | |
| test /bin/* |
| |
| |
+-------------------+
....