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pezkuwi-subxt/substrate/scripts/run_all_benchmarks.sh
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Gavin Wood fd5f9292f5 FRAME: Create TransactionExtension as a replacement for SignedExtension (#2280)
Closes #2160

First part of [Extrinsic
Horizon](https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/2415)

Introduces a new trait `TransactionExtension` to replace
`SignedExtension`. Introduce the idea of transactions which obey the
runtime's extensions and have according Extension data (né Extra data)
yet do not have hard-coded signatures.

Deprecate the terminology of "Unsigned" when used for
transactions/extrinsics owing to there now being "proper" unsigned
transactions which obey the extension framework and "old-style" unsigned
which do not. Instead we have __*General*__ for the former and
__*Bare*__ for the latter. (Ultimately, the latter will be phased out as
a type of transaction, and Bare will only be used for Inherents.)

Types of extrinsic are now therefore:
- Bare (no hardcoded signature, no Extra data; used to be known as
"Unsigned")
- Bare transactions (deprecated): Gossiped, validated with
`ValidateUnsigned` (deprecated) and the `_bare_compat` bits of
`TransactionExtension` (deprecated).
  - Inherents: Not gossiped, validated with `ProvideInherent`.
- Extended (Extra data): Gossiped, validated via `TransactionExtension`.
  - Signed transactions (with a hardcoded signature).
  - General transactions (without a hardcoded signature).

`TransactionExtension` differs from `SignedExtension` because:
- A signature on the underlying transaction may validly not be present.
- It may alter the origin during validation.
- `pre_dispatch` is renamed to `prepare` and need not contain the checks
present in `validate`.
- `validate` and `prepare` is passed an `Origin` rather than a
`AccountId`.
- `validate` may pass arbitrary information into `prepare` via a new
user-specifiable type `Val`.
- `AdditionalSigned`/`additional_signed` is renamed to
`Implicit`/`implicit`. It is encoded *for the entire transaction* and
passed in to each extension as a new argument to `validate`. This
facilitates the ability of extensions to acts as underlying crypto.

There is a new `DispatchTransaction` trait which contains only default
function impls and is impl'ed for any `TransactionExtension` impler. It
provides several utility functions which reduce some of the tedium from
using `TransactionExtension` (indeed, none of its regular functions
should now need to be called directly).

Three transaction version discriminator ("versions") are now
permissible:
- 0b000000100: Bare (used to be called "Unsigned"): contains Signature
or Extra (extension data). After bare transactions are no longer
supported, this will strictly identify an Inherents only.
- 0b100000100: Old-school "Signed" Transaction: contains Signature and
Extra (extension data).
- 0b010000100: New-school "General" Transaction: contains Extra
(extension data), but no Signature.

For the New-school General Transaction, it becomes trivial for authors
to publish extensions to the mechanism for authorizing an Origin, e.g.
through new kinds of key-signing schemes, ZK proofs, pallet state,
mutations over pre-authenticated origins or any combination of the
above.

## Code Migration

### NOW: Getting it to build

Wrap your `SignedExtension`s in `AsTransactionExtension`. This should be
accompanied by renaming your aggregate type in line with the new
terminology. E.g. Before:

```rust
/// The SignedExtension to the basic transaction logic.
pub type SignedExtra = (
	/* snip */
	MySpecialSignedExtension,
);
/// Unchecked extrinsic type as expected by this runtime.
pub type UncheckedExtrinsic =
	generic::UncheckedExtrinsic<Address, RuntimeCall, Signature, SignedExtra>;
```

After:

```rust
/// The extension to the basic transaction logic.
pub type TxExtension = (
	/* snip */
	AsTransactionExtension<MySpecialSignedExtension>,
);
/// Unchecked extrinsic type as expected by this runtime.
pub type UncheckedExtrinsic =
	generic::UncheckedExtrinsic<Address, RuntimeCall, Signature, TxExtension>;
```

You'll also need to alter any transaction building logic to add a
`.into()` to make the conversion happen. E.g. Before:

```rust
fn construct_extrinsic(
		/* snip */
) -> UncheckedExtrinsic {
	let extra: SignedExtra = (
		/* snip */
		MySpecialSignedExtension::new(/* snip */),
	);
	let payload = SignedPayload::new(call.clone(), extra.clone()).unwrap();
	let signature = payload.using_encoded(|e| sender.sign(e));
	UncheckedExtrinsic::new_signed(
		/* snip */
		Signature::Sr25519(signature),
		extra,
	)
}
```

After:

```rust
fn construct_extrinsic(
		/* snip */
) -> UncheckedExtrinsic {
	let tx_ext: TxExtension = (
		/* snip */
		MySpecialSignedExtension::new(/* snip */).into(),
	);
	let payload = SignedPayload::new(call.clone(), tx_ext.clone()).unwrap();
	let signature = payload.using_encoded(|e| sender.sign(e));
	UncheckedExtrinsic::new_signed(
		/* snip */
		Signature::Sr25519(signature),
		tx_ext,
	)
}
```

### SOON: Migrating to `TransactionExtension`

Most `SignedExtension`s can be trivially converted to become a
`TransactionExtension`. There are a few things to know.

- Instead of a single trait like `SignedExtension`, you should now
implement two traits individually: `TransactionExtensionBase` and
`TransactionExtension`.
- Weights are now a thing and must be provided via the new function `fn
weight`.

#### `TransactionExtensionBase`

This trait takes care of anything which is not dependent on types
specific to your runtime, most notably `Call`.

- `AdditionalSigned`/`additional_signed` is renamed to
`Implicit`/`implicit`.
- Weight must be returned by implementing the `weight` function. If your
extension is associated with a pallet, you'll probably want to do this
via the pallet's existing benchmarking infrastructure.

#### `TransactionExtension`

Generally:
- `pre_dispatch` is now `prepare` and you *should not reexecute the
`validate` functionality in there*!
- You don't get an account ID any more; you get an origin instead. If
you need to presume an account ID, then you can use the trait function
`AsSystemOriginSigner::as_system_origin_signer`.
- You get an additional ticket, similar to `Pre`, called `Val`. This
defines data which is passed from `validate` into `prepare`. This is
important since you should not be duplicating logic from `validate` to
`prepare`, you need a way of passing your working from the former into
the latter. This is it.
- This trait takes two type parameters: `Call` and `Context`. `Call` is
the runtime call type which used to be an associated type; you can just
move it to become a type parameter for your trait impl. `Context` is not
currently used and you can safely implement over it as an unbounded
type.
- There's no `AccountId` associated type any more. Just remove it.

Regarding `validate`:
- You get three new parameters in `validate`; all can be ignored when
migrating from `SignedExtension`.
- `validate` returns a tuple on success; the second item in the tuple is
the new ticket type `Self::Val` which gets passed in to `prepare`. If
you use any information extracted during `validate` (off-chain and
on-chain, non-mutating) in `prepare` (on-chain, mutating) then you can
pass it through with this. For the tuple's last item, just return the
`origin` argument.

Regarding `prepare`:
- This is renamed from `pre_dispatch`, but there is one change:
- FUNCTIONALITY TO VALIDATE THE TRANSACTION NEED NOT BE DUPLICATED FROM
`validate`!!
- (This is different to `SignedExtension` which was required to run the
same checks in `pre_dispatch` as in `validate`.)

Regarding `post_dispatch`:
- Since there are no unsigned transactions handled by
`TransactionExtension`, `Pre` is always defined, so the first parameter
is `Self::Pre` rather than `Option<Self::Pre>`.

If you make use of `SignedExtension::validate_unsigned` or
`SignedExtension::pre_dispatch_unsigned`, then:
- Just use the regular versions of these functions instead.
- Have your logic execute in the case that the `origin` is `None`.
- Ensure your transaction creation logic creates a General Transaction
rather than a Bare Transaction; this means having to include all
`TransactionExtension`s' data.
- `ValidateUnsigned` can still be used (for now) if you need to be able
to construct transactions which contain none of the extension data,
however these will be phased out in stage 2 of the Transactions Horizon,
so you should consider moving to an extension-centric design.

## TODO

- [x] Introduce `CheckSignature` impl of `TransactionExtension` to
ensure it's possible to have crypto be done wholly in a
`TransactionExtension`.
- [x] Deprecate `SignedExtension` and move all uses in codebase to
`TransactionExtension`.
  - [x] `ChargeTransactionPayment`
  - [x] `DummyExtension`
  - [x] `ChargeAssetTxPayment` (asset-tx-payment)
  - [x] `ChargeAssetTxPayment` (asset-conversion-tx-payment)
  - [x] `CheckWeight`
  - [x] `CheckTxVersion`
  - [x] `CheckSpecVersion`
  - [x] `CheckNonce`
  - [x] `CheckNonZeroSender`
  - [x] `CheckMortality`
  - [x] `CheckGenesis`
  - [x] `CheckOnlySudoAccount`
  - [x] `WatchDummy`
  - [x] `PrevalidateAttests`
  - [x] `GenericSignedExtension`
  - [x] `SignedExtension` (chain-polkadot-bulletin)
  - [x] `RefundSignedExtensionAdapter`
- [x] Implement `fn weight` across the board.
- [ ] Go through all pre-existing extensions which assume an account
signer and explicitly handle the possibility of another kind of origin.
- [x] `CheckNonce` should probably succeed in the case of a non-account
origin.
- [x] `CheckNonZeroSender` should succeed in the case of a non-account
origin.
- [x] `ChargeTransactionPayment` and family should fail in the case of a
non-account origin.
  - [ ] 
- [x] Fix any broken tests.

---------

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#!/usr/bin/env bash
# This file is part of Substrate.
# Copyright (C) Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
# This script has three parts which all use the Substrate runtime:
# - Pallet benchmarking to update the pallet weights
# - Overhead benchmarking for the Extrinsic and Block weights
# - Machine benchmarking
#
# Should be run on a reference machine to gain accurate benchmarks
# current reference machine: https://github.com/paritytech/substrate/pull/5848
while getopts 'bfp:v' flag; do
case "${flag}" in
b)
# Skip build.
skip_build='true'
;;
f)
# Fail if any sub-command in a pipe fails, not just the last one.
set -o pipefail
# Fail on undeclared variables.
set -u
# Fail if any sub-command fails.
set -e
# Fail on traps.
set -E
;;
p)
# Start at pallet
start_pallet="${OPTARG}"
;;
v)
# Echo all executed commands.
set -x
;;
*)
# Exit early.
echo "Bad options. Check Script."
exit 1
;;
esac
done
if [ "$skip_build" != true ]
then
echo "[+] Compiling Substrate benchmarks..."
cargo build --profile=production --locked --features=runtime-benchmarks --bin substrate-node
fi
# The executable to use.
# Parent directory because of the monorepo structure.
SUBSTRATE=../target/production/substrate-node
# Manually exclude some pallets.
EXCLUDED_PALLETS=(
# Helper pallets
"pallet_election_provider_support_benchmarking"
# Pallets without automatic benchmarking
"pallet_babe"
"pallet_grandpa"
"pallet_mmr"
"pallet_offences"
# Only used for testing, does not need real weights.
"frame_benchmarking_pallet_pov"
)
# Load all pallet names in an array.
ALL_PALLETS=($(
$SUBSTRATE benchmark pallet --list=pallets --no-csv-header --chain=dev
))
# Filter out the excluded pallets by concatenating the arrays and discarding duplicates.
PALLETS=($({ printf '%s\n' "${ALL_PALLETS[@]}" "${EXCLUDED_PALLETS[@]}"; } | sort | uniq -u))
echo "[+] Benchmarking ${#PALLETS[@]} Substrate pallets by excluding ${#EXCLUDED_PALLETS[@]} from ${#ALL_PALLETS[@]}."
# Define the error file.
ERR_FILE="benchmarking_errors.txt"
# Delete the error file before each run.
rm -f $ERR_FILE
# Benchmark each pallet.
for PALLET in "${PALLETS[@]}"; do
# If `-p` is used, skip benchmarks until the start pallet.
if [ ! -z "$start_pallet" ] && [ "$start_pallet" != "$PALLET" ]
then
echo "[+] Skipping ${PALLET}..."
continue
else
unset start_pallet
fi
FOLDER="$(echo "${PALLET#*_}" | tr '_' '-')";
WEIGHT_FILE="./frame/${FOLDER}/src/weights.rs"
# Special handling of custom weight paths.
if [ "$PALLET" == "frame_system_extensions" ] || [ "$PALLET" == "frame-system-extensions" ]
then
WEIGHT_FILE="./frame/system/src/extensions/weights.rs"
elif [ "$PALLET" == "pallet_asset_conversion_tx_payment" ] || [ "$PALLET" == "pallet-asset-conversion-tx-payment" ]
then
WEIGHT_FILE="./frame/transaction-payment/asset-conversion-tx-payment/src/weights.rs"
elif [ "$PALLET" == "pallet_asset_tx_payment" ] || [ "$PALLET" == "pallet-asset-tx-payment" ]
then
WEIGHT_FILE="./frame/transaction-payment/asset-tx-payment/src/weights.rs"
fi
echo "[+] Benchmarking $PALLET with weight file $WEIGHT_FILE";
OUTPUT=$(
$SUBSTRATE benchmark pallet \
--chain=dev \
--steps=50 \
--repeat=20 \
--pallet="$PALLET" \
--extrinsic="*" \
--wasm-execution=compiled \
--heap-pages=4096 \
--output="$WEIGHT_FILE" \
--header="./HEADER-APACHE2" \
--template=./.maintain/frame-weight-template.hbs 2>&1
)
if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
echo "$OUTPUT" >> "$ERR_FILE"
echo "[-] Failed to benchmark $PALLET. Error written to $ERR_FILE; continuing..."
fi
done
# Update the block and extrinsic overhead weights.
echo "[+] Benchmarking block and extrinsic overheads..."
OUTPUT=$(
$SUBSTRATE benchmark overhead \
--chain=dev \
--wasm-execution=compiled \
--weight-path="./frame/support/src/weights/" \
--header="./HEADER-APACHE2" \
--warmup=10 \
--repeat=100 2>&1
)
if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
echo "$OUTPUT" >> "$ERR_FILE"
echo "[-] Failed to benchmark the block and extrinsic overheads. Error written to $ERR_FILE; continuing..."
fi
echo "[+] Benchmarking the machine..."
OUTPUT=$(
$SUBSTRATE benchmark machine --chain=dev 2>&1
)
if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
# Do not write the error to the error file since it is not a benchmarking error.
echo "[-] Failed the machine benchmark:\n$OUTPUT"
fi
# Check if the error file exists.
if [ -f "$ERR_FILE" ]; then
echo "[-] Some benchmarks failed. See: $ERR_FILE"
exit 1
else
echo "[+] All benchmarks passed."
exit 0
fi