Lower gas limit for failed estimates

* Implement various needed features and improvements

* Reorder the metadata struct

* Format comments

Cargo.lock

@@ -1644,6 +1644,15 @@ version = "2.4.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "19d374276b40fb8bbdee95aef7c7fa6b5316ec764510eb64b8dd0e2ed0d7e7f5"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "crossbeam-channel"
+version = "0.5.15"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "82b8f8f868b36967f9606790d1903570de9ceaf870a7bf9fbbd3016d636a2cb2"
+dependencies = [
+ "crossbeam-utils",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "crossbeam-deque"
 version = "0.8.6"
@@ -2399,6 +2408,20 @@ version = "0.1.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "42012b0f064e01aa58b545fe3727f90f7dd4020f4a3ea735b50344965f5a57e9"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "generator"
+version = "0.8.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "d18470a76cb7f8ff746cf1f7470914f900252ec36bbc40b569d74b1258446827"
+dependencies = [
+ "cc",
+ "cfg-if",
+ "libc",
+ "log",
+ "rustversion",
+ "windows",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "generic-array"
 version = "0.14.7"
@@ -3165,6 +3188,19 @@ version = "0.4.27"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "13dc2df351e3202783a1fe0d44375f7295ffb4049267b0f3018346dc122a1d94"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "loom"
+version = "0.7.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "419e0dc8046cb947daa77eb95ae174acfbddb7673b4151f56d1eed8e93fbfaca"
+dependencies = [
+ "cfg-if",
+ "generator",
+ "scoped-tls",
+ "tracing",
+ "tracing-subscriber",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "lru"
 version = "0.13.0"
@@ -3247,6 +3283,25 @@ dependencies = [
  "windows-sys 0.59.0",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "moka"
+version = "0.12.10"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "a9321642ca94a4282428e6ea4af8cc2ca4eac48ac7a6a4ea8f33f76d0ce70926"
+dependencies = [
+ "crossbeam-channel",
+ "crossbeam-epoch",
+ "crossbeam-utils",
+ "loom",
+ "parking_lot",
+ "portable-atomic",
+ "rustc_version 0.4.1",
+ "smallvec",
+ "tagptr",
+ "thiserror 1.0.69",
+ "uuid",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "native-tls"
 version = "0.2.14"
@@ -3646,6 +3701,12 @@ dependencies = [
  "syn 2.0.101",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "portable-atomic"
+version = "1.11.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "f84267b20a16ea918e43c6a88433c2d54fa145c92a811b5b047ccbe153674483"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "potential_utf"
 version = "0.1.2"
@@ -4029,7 +4090,10 @@ name = "revive-dt-common"
 version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
+ "moka",
+ "once_cell",
  "semver 1.0.26",
+ "tokio",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -4080,6 +4144,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "revive-dt-node-interaction",
  "revive-dt-report",
  "semver 1.0.26",
+ "serde_json",
  "temp-dir",
  "tokio",
  "tracing",
@@ -4094,6 +4159,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "alloy-primitives",
  "alloy-sol-types",
  "anyhow",
+ "revive-common",
  "revive-dt-common",
  "semver 1.0.26",
  "serde",
@@ -4108,6 +4174,7 @@ version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
  "alloy",
  "anyhow",
+ "revive-common",
  "revive-dt-common",
  "revive-dt-config",
  "revive-dt-format",
@@ -4420,6 +4487,12 @@ dependencies = [
  "zeroize",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "scoped-tls"
+version = "1.0.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "e1cf6437eb19a8f4a6cc0f7dca544973b0b78843adbfeb3683d1a94a0024a294"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "scopeguard"
 version = "1.2.0"
@@ -5272,6 +5345,12 @@ dependencies = [
  "libc",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "tagptr"
+version = "0.2.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "7b2093cf4c8eb1e67749a6762251bc9cd836b6fc171623bd0a9d324d37af2417"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "tap"
 version = "1.0.1"
@@ -5804,6 +5883,17 @@ version = "0.2.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "06abde3611657adf66d383f00b093d7faecc7fa57071cce2578660c9f1010821"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "uuid"
+version = "1.18.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "f33196643e165781c20a5ead5582283a7dacbb87855d867fbc2df3f81eddc1be"
+dependencies = [
+ "getrandom 0.3.3",
+ "js-sys",
+ "wasm-bindgen",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "valuable"
 version = "0.1.1"
@@ -6065,6 +6155,28 @@ version = "0.4.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "712e227841d057c1ee1cd2fb22fa7e5a5461ae8e48fa2ca79ec42cfc1931183f"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "windows"
+version = "0.61.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "9babd3a767a4c1aef6900409f85f5d53ce2544ccdfaa86dad48c91782c6d6893"
+dependencies = [
+ "windows-collections",
+ "windows-core",
+ "windows-future",
+ "windows-link",
+ "windows-numerics",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows-collections"
+version = "0.2.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "3beeceb5e5cfd9eb1d76b381630e82c4241ccd0d27f1a39ed41b2760b255c5e8"
+dependencies = [
+ "windows-core",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "windows-core"
 version = "0.61.2"
@@ -6078,6 +6190,17 @@ dependencies = [
  "windows-strings 0.4.2",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "windows-future"
+version = "0.2.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "fc6a41e98427b19fe4b73c550f060b59fa592d7d686537eebf9385621bfbad8e"
+dependencies = [
+ "windows-core",
+ "windows-link",
+ "windows-threading",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "windows-implement"
 version = "0.60.0"
@@ -6102,9 +6225,19 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "windows-link"
-version = "0.1.1"
+version = "0.1.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "76840935b766e1b0a05c0066835fb9ec80071d4c09a16f6bd5f7e655e3c14c38"
+checksum = "5e6ad25900d524eaabdbbb96d20b4311e1e7ae1699af4fb28c17ae66c80d798a"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows-numerics"
+version = "0.2.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "9150af68066c4c5c07ddc0ce30421554771e528bde427614c61038bc2c92c2b1"
+dependencies = [
+ "windows-core",
+ "windows-link",
+]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "windows-registry"
@@ -6194,6 +6327,15 @@ dependencies = [
  "windows_x86_64_msvc 0.53.0",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "windows-threading"
+version = "0.1.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "b66463ad2e0ea3bbf808b7f1d371311c80e115c0b71d60efc142cafbcfb057a6"
+dependencies = [
+ "windows-link",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_aarch64_gnullvm"
 version = "0.52.6"

Cargo.toml

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ authors = ["Parity Technologies <admin@parity.io>"]
 license = "MIT/Apache-2.0"
 edition = "2024"
 repository = "https://github.com/paritytech/revive-differential-testing.git"
-rust-version = "1.85.0"
+rust-version = "1.87.0"
 
 [workspace.dependencies]
 revive-dt-common = { version = "0.1.0", path = "crates/common" }
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ clap = { version = "4", features = ["derive"] }
 foundry-compilers-artifacts = { version = "0.18.0" }
 futures = { version = "0.3.31" }
 hex = "0.4.3"
+moka = "0.12.10"
 reqwest = { version = "0.12.15", features = ["json"] }
 once_cell = "1.21"
 semver = { version = "1.0", features = ["serde"] }
@@ -36,6 +37,7 @@ serde = { version = "1.0", default-features = false, features = ["derive"] }
 serde_json = { version = "1.0", default-features = false, features = [
     "arbitrary_precision",
     "std",
+    "unbounded_depth",
 ] }
 sha2 = { version = "0.10.9" }
 sp-core = "36.1.0"

assets/test_metadata.json

@@ -8,6 +8,18 @@
         {
             "name": "first",
             "inputs": [
+                {
+                    "address": "0xdeadbeef00000000000000000000000000000042",
+                    "expected_balance": "1233"
+                },
+                {
+                    "address": "0xdeadbeef00000000000000000000000000000042",
+                    "is_storage_empty": true
+                },
+                {
+                    "address": "0xdeadbeef00000000000000000000000000000042",
+                    "is_storage_empty": false
+                },
                 {
                     "instance": "WBTC_1",
                     "method": "#deployer",

crates/common/Cargo.toml

@@ -10,4 +10,7 @@ rust-version.workspace = true
 
 [dependencies]
 anyhow = { workspace = true }
+moka = { workspace = true, features = ["sync"] }
+once_cell = { workspace = true }
 semver = { workspace = true }
+tokio = { workspace = true, default-features = false, features = ["time"] }

crates/common/src/cached_fs/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+//! This module implements a cached file system allowing for results to be stored in-memory rather
+//! rather being queried from the file system again.
+
+use std::fs;
+use std::io::{Error, Result};
+use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
+
+use moka::sync::Cache;
+use once_cell::sync::Lazy;
+
+pub fn read(path: impl AsRef<Path>) -> Result<Vec<u8>> {
+    static READ_CACHE: Lazy<Cache<PathBuf, Vec<u8>>> = Lazy::new(|| Cache::new(10_000));
+
+    let path = path.as_ref().canonicalize()?;
+    match READ_CACHE.get(path.as_path()) {
+        Some(content) => Ok(content),
+        None => {
+            let content = fs::read(path.as_path())?;
+            READ_CACHE.insert(path, content.clone());
+            Ok(content)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn read_to_string(path: impl AsRef<Path>) -> Result<String> {
+    let content = read(path)?;
+    String::from_utf8(content).map_err(|_| {
+        Error::new(
+            std::io::ErrorKind::InvalidData,
+            "The contents of the file are not valid UTF8",
+        )
+    })
+}
+
+pub fn read_dir(path: impl AsRef<Path>) -> Result<Box<dyn Iterator<Item = Result<PathBuf>>>> {
+    static READ_DIR_CACHE: Lazy<Cache<PathBuf, Vec<PathBuf>>> = Lazy::new(|| Cache::new(10_000));
+
+    let path = path.as_ref().canonicalize()?;
+    match READ_DIR_CACHE.get(path.as_path()) {
+        Some(entries) => Ok(Box::new(entries.into_iter().map(Ok)) as Box<_>),
+        None => {
+            let entries = fs::read_dir(path.as_path())?
+                .flat_map(|maybe_entry| maybe_entry.map(|entry| entry.path()))
+                .collect();
+            READ_DIR_CACHE.insert(path.clone(), entries);
+            Ok(read_dir(path).unwrap())
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub trait PathExt {
+    fn cached_canonicalize(&self) -> Result<PathBuf>;
+}
+
+impl<T> PathExt for T
+where
+    T: AsRef<Path>,
+{
+    fn cached_canonicalize(&self) -> Result<PathBuf> {
+        static CANONICALIZATION_CACHE: Lazy<Cache<PathBuf, PathBuf>> =
+            Lazy::new(|| Cache::new(10_000));
+
+        let path = self.as_ref().to_path_buf();
+        match CANONICALIZATION_CACHE.get(&path) {
+            Some(canonicalized) => Ok(canonicalized),
+            None => {
+                let canonicalized = path.canonicalize()?;
+                CANONICALIZATION_CACHE.insert(path, canonicalized.clone());
+                Ok(canonicalized)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

crates/common/src/futures/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+mod poll;
+
+pub use poll::*;

crates/common/src/futures/poll.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+use std::ops::ControlFlow;
+use std::time::Duration;
+
+use anyhow::{Result, anyhow};
+
+const EXPONENTIAL_BACKOFF_MAX_WAIT_DURATION: Duration = Duration::from_secs(60);
+
+/// A function that polls for a fallible future for some period of time and errors if it fails to
+/// get a result after polling.
+///
+/// Given a future that returns a [`Result<ControlFlow<O, ()>>`], this function calls the future
+/// repeatedly (with some wait period) until the future returns a [`ControlFlow::Break`] or until it
+/// returns an [`Err`] in which case the function stops polling and returns the error.
+///
+/// If the future keeps returning [`ControlFlow::Continue`] and fails to return a [`Break`] within
+/// the permitted polling duration then this function returns an [`Err`]
+///
+/// [`Break`]: ControlFlow::Break
+/// [`Continue`]: ControlFlow::Continue
+pub async fn poll<F, O>(
+    polling_duration: Duration,
+    polling_wait_behavior: PollingWaitBehavior,
+    mut future: impl FnMut() -> F,
+) -> Result<O>
+where
+    F: Future<Output = Result<ControlFlow<O, ()>>>,
+{
+    let mut retries = 0;
+    let mut total_wait_duration = Duration::ZERO;
+    let max_allowed_wait_duration = polling_duration;
+
+    loop {
+        if total_wait_duration >= max_allowed_wait_duration {
+            break Err(anyhow!(
+                "Polling failed after {} retries and a total of {:?} of wait time",
+                retries,
+                total_wait_duration
+            ));
+        }
+
+        match future().await? {
+            ControlFlow::Continue(()) => {
+                let next_wait_duration = match polling_wait_behavior {
+                    PollingWaitBehavior::Constant(duration) => duration,
+                    PollingWaitBehavior::ExponentialBackoff => {
+                        Duration::from_secs(2u64.pow(retries))
+                            .min(EXPONENTIAL_BACKOFF_MAX_WAIT_DURATION)
+                    }
+                };
+                let next_wait_duration =
+                    next_wait_duration.min(max_allowed_wait_duration - total_wait_duration);
+                total_wait_duration += next_wait_duration;
+                retries += 1;
+
+                tokio::time::sleep(next_wait_duration).await;
+            }
+            ControlFlow::Break(output) => {
+                break Ok(output);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Hash, Default)]
+pub enum PollingWaitBehavior {
+    Constant(Duration),
+    #[default]
+    ExponentialBackoff,
+}

crates/common/src/iterators/files_with_extension_iterator.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,8 @@
-use std::{borrow::Cow, collections::HashSet, path::PathBuf};
+use std::{
+    borrow::Cow,
+    collections::HashSet,
+    path::{Path, PathBuf},
+};
 
 /// An iterator that finds files of a certain extension in the provided directory. You can think of
 /// this a glob pattern similar to: `${path}/**/*.md`
@@ -15,14 +19,20 @@ pub struct FilesWithExtensionIterator {
     /// this vector then they will be returned when the [`Iterator::next`] method is called. If not
     /// then we visit one of the next directories to visit.
     files_matching_allowed_extensions: Vec<PathBuf>,
+
+    /// This option controls if the the cached file system should be used or not. This could be
+    /// better for certain cases where the entries in the directories do not change and therefore
+    /// caching can be used.
+    use_cached_fs: bool,
 }
 
 impl FilesWithExtensionIterator {
-    pub fn new(root_directory: PathBuf) -> Self {
+    pub fn new(root_directory: impl AsRef<Path>) -> Self {
         Self {
             allowed_extensions: Default::default(),
-            directories_to_search: vec![root_directory],
+            directories_to_search: vec![root_directory.as_ref().to_path_buf()],
             files_matching_allowed_extensions: Default::default(),
+            use_cached_fs: Default::default(),
         }
     }
 
@@ -33,6 +43,11 @@ impl FilesWithExtensionIterator {
         self.allowed_extensions.insert(allowed_extension.into());
         self
     }
+
+    pub fn with_use_cached_fs(mut self, use_cached_fs: bool) -> Self {
+        self.use_cached_fs = use_cached_fs;
+        self
+    }
 }
 
 impl Iterator for FilesWithExtensionIterator {
@@ -45,16 +60,19 @@ impl Iterator for FilesWithExtensionIterator {
 
         let directory_to_search = self.directories_to_search.pop()?;
 
-        // Read all of the entries in the directory. If we failed to read this dir's entires then we
+        let iterator = if self.use_cached_fs {
-        // elect to just ignore it and look in the next directory, we do that by calling the next
+            let Ok(dir_entries) = crate::cached_fs::read_dir(directory_to_search.as_path()) else {
-        // method again on the iterator, which is an intentional decision that we made here instead
+                return self.next();
-        // of panicking.
+            };
+            Box::new(dir_entries) as Box<dyn Iterator<Item = std::io::Result<PathBuf>>>
+        } else {
             let Ok(dir_entries) = std::fs::read_dir(directory_to_search) else {
                 return self.next();
             };
+            Box::new(dir_entries.map(|maybe_entry| maybe_entry.map(|entry| entry.path()))) as Box<_>
+        };
 
-        for entry in dir_entries.flatten() {
+        for entry_path in iterator.flatten() {
-            let entry_path = entry.path();
             if entry_path.is_dir() {
                 self.directories_to_search.push(entry_path)
             } else if entry_path.is_file()

crates/common/src/lib.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 //! This crate provides common concepts, functionality, types, macros, and more that other crates in
 //! the workspace can benefit from.
 
+pub mod cached_fs;
 pub mod fs;
+pub mod futures;
 pub mod iterators;
 pub mod macros;
 pub mod types;

crates/common/src/types/version_or_requirement.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
+use std::{fmt::Display, str::FromStr};
+
+use anyhow::{Error, bail};
 use semver::{Version, VersionReq};
 
-#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub enum VersionOrRequirement {
     Version(Version),
     Requirement(VersionReq),
@@ -39,3 +42,26 @@ impl TryFrom<VersionOrRequirement> for VersionReq {
         Ok(requirement)
     }
 }
+
+impl FromStr for VersionOrRequirement {
+    type Err = Error;
+
+    fn from_str(s: &str) -> Result<Self, Self::Err> {
+        if let Ok(version) = Version::parse(s) {
+            Ok(Self::Version(version))
+        } else if let Ok(version_req) = VersionReq::parse(s) {
+            Ok(Self::Requirement(version_req))
+        } else {
+            bail!("Not a valid version or version requirement")
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Display for VersionOrRequirement {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        match self {
+            VersionOrRequirement::Version(version) => version.fmt(f),
+            VersionOrRequirement::Requirement(version_req) => version_req.fmt(f),
+        }
+    }
+}

crates/compiler/src/lib.rs

@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@
 
 use std::{
     collections::HashMap,
-    fs::read_to_string,
     hash::Hash,
     path::{Path, PathBuf},
 };
@@ -16,6 +15,7 @@ use semver::Version;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 
 use revive_common::EVMVersion;
+use revive_dt_common::cached_fs::read_to_string;
 use revive_dt_common::types::VersionOrRequirement;
 use revive_dt_config::Arguments;
 
@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ pub struct CompilerInput {
     pub base_path: Option<PathBuf>,
     pub sources: HashMap<PathBuf, String>,
     pub libraries: HashMap<PathBuf, HashMap<String, Address>>,
+    pub revert_string_handling: Option<RevertString>,
 }
 
 /// The generic compilation output configuration.
@@ -91,6 +92,7 @@ where
                 base_path: Default::default(),
                 sources: Default::default(),
                 libraries: Default::default(),
+                revert_string_handling: Default::default(),
             },
             additional_options: T::Options::default(),
         }
@@ -142,6 +144,14 @@ where
         self
     }
 
+    pub fn with_revert_string_handling(
+        mut self,
+        revert_string_handling: impl Into<Option<RevertString>>,
+    ) -> Self {
+        self.input.revert_string_handling = revert_string_handling.into();
+        self
+    }
+
     pub fn with_additional_options(mut self, options: impl Into<T::Options>) -> Self {
         self.additional_options = options.into();
         self
@@ -160,3 +170,15 @@ where
         self.input.clone()
     }
 }
+
+/// Defines how the compiler should handle revert strings.
+#[derive(
+    Clone, Debug, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Hash, Default, Serialize, Deserialize,
+)]
+pub enum RevertString {
+    #[default]
+    Default,
+    Debug,
+    Strip,
+    VerboseDebug,
+}

crates/compiler/src/revive_resolc.rs

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 //! compiling contracts to PolkaVM (PVM) bytecode.
 
 use std::{
+    os::unix::process::CommandExt,
     path::PathBuf,
     process::{Command, Stdio},
 };
@@ -47,6 +48,9 @@ impl SolidityCompiler for Resolc {
             base_path,
             sources,
             libraries,
+            // TODO: this is currently not being handled since there is no way to pass it into
+            // resolc. So, we need to go back to this later once it's supported.
+            revert_string_handling: _,
         }: CompilerInput,
         additional_options: Self::Options,
     ) -> anyhow::Result<CompilerOutput> {
@@ -89,11 +93,14 @@ impl SolidityCompiler for Resolc {
         };
 
         let mut command = AsyncCommand::new(&self.resolc_path);
+        unsafe {
             command
                 .stdin(Stdio::piped())
                 .stdout(Stdio::piped())
                 .stderr(Stdio::piped())
-            .arg("--standard-json");
+                .arg("--standard-json")
+                .pre_exec(|| Ok(()))
+        };
 
         if let Some(ref base_path) = base_path {
             command.arg("--base-path").arg(base_path);
@@ -212,12 +219,15 @@ impl SolidityCompiler for Resolc {
         // Logic for parsing the resolc version from the following string:
         // Solidity frontend for the revive compiler version 0.3.0+commit.b238913.llvm-18.1.8
 
-        let output = Command::new(self.resolc_path.as_path())
+        let output = unsafe {
+            Command::new(self.resolc_path.as_path())
                 .arg("--version")
                 .stdout(Stdio::piped())
+                .pre_exec(|| Ok(()))
                 .spawn()?
                 .wait_with_output()?
-            .stdout;
+                .stdout
+        };
         let output = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output);
         let version_string = output
             .split("version ")

crates/compiler/src/solc.rs

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 //! compiling contracts to EVM bytecode.
 
 use std::{
+    os::unix::process::CommandExt,
     path::PathBuf,
     process::{Command, Stdio},
 };
@@ -31,7 +32,7 @@ pub struct Solc {
 impl SolidityCompiler for Solc {
     type Options = ();
 
-    #[tracing::instrument(level = "debug", ret)]
+    #[tracing::instrument(level = "info", ret)]
     async fn build(
         &self,
         CompilerInput {
@@ -42,6 +43,7 @@ impl SolidityCompiler for Solc {
             base_path,
             sources,
             libraries,
+            revert_string_handling,
         }: CompilerInput,
         _: Self::Options,
     ) -> anyhow::Result<CompilerOutput> {
@@ -87,16 +89,28 @@ impl SolidityCompiler for Solc {
                         })
                         .collect(),
                 },
+                debug: revert_string_handling.map(|revert_string_handling| DebuggingSettings {
+                    revert_strings: match revert_string_handling {
+                        crate::RevertString::Default => Some(RevertStrings::Default),
+                        crate::RevertString::Debug => Some(RevertStrings::Debug),
+                        crate::RevertString::Strip => Some(RevertStrings::Strip),
+                        crate::RevertString::VerboseDebug => Some(RevertStrings::VerboseDebug),
+                    },
+                    debug_info: Default::default(),
+                }),
                 ..Default::default()
             },
         };
 
         let mut command = AsyncCommand::new(&self.solc_path);
+        unsafe {
             command
                 .stdin(Stdio::piped())
                 .stdout(Stdio::piped())
                 .stderr(Stdio::piped())
-            .arg("--standard-json");
+                .arg("--standard-json")
+                .pre_exec(|| Ok(()))
+        };
 
         if let Some(ref base_path) = base_path {
             command.arg("--base-path").arg(base_path);
@@ -110,12 +124,20 @@ impl SolidityCompiler for Solc {
                     .join(","),
             );
         }
-        let mut child = command.spawn()?;
+        let mut child = command
+            .spawn()
+            .inspect_err(|err| tracing::error!(%err, "Failed to spawn the solc command"))?;
 
         let stdin = child.stdin.as_mut().expect("should be piped");
         let serialized_input = serde_json::to_vec(&input)?;
-        stdin.write_all(&serialized_input).await?;
+        stdin
-        let output = child.wait_with_output().await?;
+            .write_all(&serialized_input)
+            .await
+            .inspect_err(|err| tracing::error!(%err, "Failed to write standard JSON to stdin"))?;
+        let output = child
+            .wait_with_output()
+            .await
+            .inspect_err(|err| tracing::error!(%err, "Failed to get the output of solc"))?;
 
         if !output.status.success() {
             let json_in = serde_json::to_string_pretty(&input)?;
@@ -152,9 +174,12 @@ impl SolidityCompiler for Solc {
 
         let mut compiler_output = CompilerOutput::default();
         for (contract_path, contracts) in parsed.contracts {
-            let map = compiler_output
+            let map =
+                compiler_output
                     .contracts
-                .entry(contract_path.canonicalize()?)
+                    .entry(contract_path.canonicalize().inspect_err(
+                        |err| tracing::error!(%err, "Canonicalization of path failed"),
+                    )?)
                     .or_default();
             for (contract_name, contract_info) in contracts.into_iter() {
                 let source_code = contract_info
@@ -195,10 +220,13 @@ impl SolidityCompiler for Solc {
         // Version: 0.8.30+commit.73712a01.Darwin.appleclang
         // ```
 
-        let child = Command::new(self.solc_path.as_path())
+        let child = unsafe {
+            Command::new(self.solc_path.as_path())
                 .arg("--version")
                 .stdout(Stdio::piped())
-            .spawn()?;
+                .pre_exec(|| Ok(()))
+                .spawn()?
+        };
         let output = child.wait_with_output()?;
         let output = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stdout);
         let version_line = output

crates/config/src/lib.rs

@@ -96,10 +96,19 @@ pub struct Arguments {
     #[arg(long, default_value = "1")]
     pub number_of_nodes: usize,
 
-    /// Determines the amount of threads that will will be used.
+    /// Determines the amount of tokio worker threads that will will be used.
-    #[arg(long, default_value = "12")]
+    #[arg(
+        long,
+        default_value_t = std::thread::available_parallelism()
+            .map(|n| n.get())
+            .unwrap_or(1)
+    )]
     pub number_of_threads: usize,
 
+    /// Determines the amount of concurrent tasks that will be spawned to run tests. Defaults to 10 x the number of nodes.
+    #[arg(long)]
+    pub number_concurrent_tasks: Option<usize>,
+
     /// Extract problems back to the test corpus.
     #[arg(short, long = "extract-problems")]
     pub extract_problems: bool,
@@ -134,6 +143,13 @@ impl Arguments {
         panic!("should have a workdir configured")
     }
 
+    /// Return the number of concurrent tasks to run. This is provided via the
+    /// `--number-concurrent-tasks` argument, and otherwise defaults to --number-of-nodes * 20.
+    pub fn number_of_concurrent_tasks(&self) -> usize {
+        self.number_concurrent_tasks
+            .unwrap_or(20 * self.number_of_nodes)
+    }
+
     /// Try to parse `self.account` into a [PrivateKeySigner],
     /// panicing on error.
     pub fn wallet(&self) -> EthereumWallet {

crates/core/Cargo.toml

@@ -30,4 +30,5 @@ tokio = { workspace = true }
 tracing = { workspace = true }
 tracing-subscriber = { workspace = true }
 semver = { workspace = true }
+serde_json = { workspace = true }
 temp-dir = { workspace = true }

crates/core/src/driver/mod.rs

@@ -4,15 +4,15 @@ use std::collections::HashMap;
 use std::marker::PhantomData;
 use std::path::PathBuf;
 
-use alloy::eips::BlockNumberOrTag;
+use alloy::consensus::EMPTY_ROOT_HASH;
 use alloy::hex;
 use alloy::json_abi::JsonAbi;
 use alloy::network::{Ethereum, TransactionBuilder};
-use alloy::primitives::{BlockNumber, U256};
+use alloy::primitives::U256;
 use alloy::rpc::types::TransactionReceipt;
 use alloy::rpc::types::trace::geth::{
-    CallFrame, GethDebugBuiltInTracerType, GethDebugTracerType, GethDebugTracingOptions, GethTrace,
+    CallFrame, GethDebugBuiltInTracerType, GethDebugTracerConfig, GethDebugTracerType,
-    PreStateConfig,
+    GethDebugTracingOptions, GethTrace, PreStateConfig,
 };
 use alloy::{
     primitives::Address,
@@ -23,13 +23,16 @@ use alloy::{
 };
 use anyhow::Context;
 use indexmap::IndexMap;
-use revive_dt_format::traits::ResolverApi;
+use revive_dt_format::traits::{ResolutionContext, ResolverApi};
 use semver::Version;
 
 use revive_dt_format::case::{Case, CaseIdx};
-use revive_dt_format::input::{Calldata, EtherValue, Expected, ExpectedOutput, Method};
+use revive_dt_format::input::{
+    BalanceAssertion, Calldata, EtherValue, Expected, ExpectedOutput, Input, Method,
+    StorageEmptyAssertion,
+};
 use revive_dt_format::metadata::{ContractInstance, ContractPathAndIdent};
-use revive_dt_format::{input::Input, metadata::Metadata};
+use revive_dt_format::{input::Step, metadata::Metadata};
 use revive_dt_node::Node;
 use revive_dt_node_interaction::EthereumNode;
 use tracing::Instrument;
@@ -71,6 +74,32 @@ where
         }
     }
 
+    pub async fn handle_step(
+        &mut self,
+        metadata: &Metadata,
+        case_idx: CaseIdx,
+        step: &Step,
+        node: &T::Blockchain,
+    ) -> anyhow::Result<StepOutput> {
+        match step {
+            Step::FunctionCall(input) => {
+                let (receipt, geth_trace, diff_mode) =
+                    self.handle_input(metadata, case_idx, input, node).await?;
+                Ok(StepOutput::FunctionCall(receipt, geth_trace, diff_mode))
+            }
+            Step::BalanceAssertion(balance_assertion) => {
+                self.handle_balance_assertion(metadata, case_idx, balance_assertion, node)
+                    .await?;
+                Ok(StepOutput::BalanceAssertion)
+            }
+            Step::StorageEmptyAssertion(storage_empty) => {
+                self.handle_storage_empty(metadata, case_idx, storage_empty, node)
+                    .await?;
+                Ok(StepOutput::StorageEmptyAssertion)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
     pub async fn handle_input(
         &mut self,
         metadata: &Metadata,
@@ -79,7 +108,7 @@ where
         node: &T::Blockchain,
     ) -> anyhow::Result<(TransactionReceipt, GethTrace, DiffMode)> {
         let deployment_receipts = self
-            .handle_contract_deployment(metadata, case_idx, input, node)
+            .handle_input_contract_deployment(metadata, case_idx, input, node)
             .await?;
         let execution_receipt = self
             .handle_input_execution(input, deployment_receipts, node)
@@ -88,20 +117,42 @@ where
             .handle_input_call_frame_tracing(&execution_receipt, node)
             .await?;
         self.handle_input_variable_assignment(input, &tracing_result)?;
-        let resolver = BlockPinnedResolver::<'_, T> {
+        self.handle_input_expectations(input, &execution_receipt, node, &tracing_result)
-            node,
-            block_number: execution_receipt
-                .block_number
-                .context("Transaction was not included in a block")?,
-        };
-        self.handle_input_expectations(input, &execution_receipt, &resolver, &tracing_result)
             .await?;
         self.handle_input_diff(case_idx, execution_receipt, node)
             .await
     }
 
+    pub async fn handle_balance_assertion(
+        &mut self,
+        metadata: &Metadata,
+        _: CaseIdx,
+        balance_assertion: &BalanceAssertion,
+        node: &T::Blockchain,
+    ) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        self.handle_balance_assertion_contract_deployment(metadata, balance_assertion, node)
+            .await?;
+        self.handle_balance_assertion_execution(balance_assertion, node)
+            .await?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    pub async fn handle_storage_empty(
+        &mut self,
+        metadata: &Metadata,
+        _: CaseIdx,
+        storage_empty: &StorageEmptyAssertion,
+        node: &T::Blockchain,
+    ) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        self.handle_storage_empty_assertion_contract_deployment(metadata, storage_empty, node)
+            .await?;
+        self.handle_storage_empty_assertion_execution(storage_empty, node)
+            .await?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
     /// Handles the contract deployment for a given input performing it if it needs to be performed.
-    async fn handle_contract_deployment(
+    async fn handle_input_contract_deployment(
         &mut self,
         metadata: &Metadata,
         case_idx: CaseIdx,
@@ -171,7 +222,7 @@ where
                 .context("Failed to find deployment receipt"),
             Method::Fallback | Method::FunctionName(_) => {
                 let tx = match input
-                    .legacy_transaction(&self.deployed_contracts, &self.variables, node)
+                    .legacy_transaction(node, self.default_resolution_context())
                     .await
                 {
                     Ok(tx) => {
@@ -212,6 +263,11 @@ where
                 tracer: Some(GethDebugTracerType::BuiltInTracer(
                     GethDebugBuiltInTracerType::CallTracer,
                 )),
+                tracer_config: GethDebugTracerConfig(serde_json::json! {{
+                    "onlyTopCall": true,
+                    "withLog": false,
+                    "withReturnData": false
+                }}),
                 ..Default::default()
             },
         )
@@ -317,8 +373,10 @@ where
             }
         }
 
-        let deployed_contracts = &mut self.deployed_contracts;
+        let resolution_context = self
-        let variables = &mut self.variables;
+            .default_resolution_context()
+            .with_block_number(execution_receipt.block_number.as_ref())
+            .with_transaction_hash(&execution_receipt.transaction_hash);
 
         // Handling the receipt state assertion.
         let expected = !expectation.exception;
@@ -341,7 +399,7 @@ where
             let expected = expected_calldata;
             let actual = &tracing_result.output.as_ref().unwrap_or_default();
             if !expected
-                .is_equivalent(actual, deployed_contracts, &*variables, resolver)
+                .is_equivalent(actual, resolver, resolution_context)
                 .await?
             {
                 tracing::error!(
@@ -376,7 +434,7 @@ where
                 if let Some(ref expected_address) = expected_event.address {
                     let expected = Address::from_slice(
                         Calldata::new_compound([expected_address])
-                            .calldata(deployed_contracts, &*variables, resolver)
+                            .calldata(resolver, resolution_context)
                             .await?
                             .get(12..32)
                             .expect("Can't fail"),
@@ -404,7 +462,7 @@ where
                 {
                     let expected = Calldata::new_compound([expected]);
                     if !expected
-                        .is_equivalent(&actual.0, deployed_contracts, &*variables, resolver)
+                        .is_equivalent(&actual.0, resolver, resolution_context)
                         .await?
                     {
                         tracing::error!(
@@ -424,7 +482,7 @@ where
                 let expected = &expected_event.values;
                 let actual = &actual_event.data().data;
                 if !expected
-                    .is_equivalent(&actual.0, deployed_contracts, &*variables, resolver)
+                    .is_equivalent(&actual.0, resolver, resolution_context)
                     .await?
                 {
                     tracing::error!(
@@ -467,6 +525,128 @@ where
         Ok((execution_receipt, trace, diff))
     }
 
+    pub async fn handle_balance_assertion_contract_deployment(
+        &mut self,
+        metadata: &Metadata,
+        balance_assertion: &BalanceAssertion,
+        node: &T::Blockchain,
+    ) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        let Some(instance) = balance_assertion
+            .address
+            .strip_suffix(".address")
+            .map(ContractInstance::new)
+        else {
+            return Ok(());
+        };
+        self.get_or_deploy_contract_instance(
+            &instance,
+            metadata,
+            Input::default_caller(),
+            None,
+            None,
+            node,
+        )
+        .await?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    pub async fn handle_balance_assertion_execution(
+        &mut self,
+        BalanceAssertion {
+            address: address_string,
+            expected_balance: amount,
+            ..
+        }: &BalanceAssertion,
+        node: &T::Blockchain,
+    ) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        let address = Address::from_slice(
+            Calldata::new_compound([address_string])
+                .calldata(node, self.default_resolution_context())
+                .await?
+                .get(12..32)
+                .expect("Can't fail"),
+        );
+
+        let balance = node.balance_of(address).await?;
+
+        let expected = *amount;
+        let actual = balance;
+        if expected != actual {
+            tracing::error!(%expected, %actual, %address, "Balance assertion failed");
+            anyhow::bail!(
+                "Balance assertion failed - Expected {} but got {} for {} resolved to {}",
+                expected,
+                actual,
+                address_string,
+                address,
+            )
+        }
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    pub async fn handle_storage_empty_assertion_contract_deployment(
+        &mut self,
+        metadata: &Metadata,
+        storage_empty_assertion: &StorageEmptyAssertion,
+        node: &T::Blockchain,
+    ) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        let Some(instance) = storage_empty_assertion
+            .address
+            .strip_suffix(".address")
+            .map(ContractInstance::new)
+        else {
+            return Ok(());
+        };
+        self.get_or_deploy_contract_instance(
+            &instance,
+            metadata,
+            Input::default_caller(),
+            None,
+            None,
+            node,
+        )
+        .await?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    pub async fn handle_storage_empty_assertion_execution(
+        &mut self,
+        StorageEmptyAssertion {
+            address: address_string,
+            is_storage_empty,
+            ..
+        }: &StorageEmptyAssertion,
+        node: &T::Blockchain,
+    ) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        let address = Address::from_slice(
+            Calldata::new_compound([address_string])
+                .calldata(node, self.default_resolution_context())
+                .await?
+                .get(12..32)
+                .expect("Can't fail"),
+        );
+
+        let storage = node.latest_state_proof(address, Default::default()).await?;
+        let is_empty = storage.storage_hash == EMPTY_ROOT_HASH;
+
+        let expected = is_storage_empty;
+        let actual = is_empty;
+
+        if *expected != actual {
+            tracing::error!(%expected, %actual, %address, "Storage Empty Assertion failed");
+            anyhow::bail!(
+                "Storage Empty Assertion failed - Expected {} but got {} for {} resolved to {}",
+                expected,
+                actual,
+                address_string,
+                address,
+            )
+        };
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
     /// Gets the information of a deployed contract or library from the state. If it's found to not
     /// be deployed then it will be deployed.
     ///
@@ -530,7 +710,7 @@ where
 
         if let Some(calldata) = calldata {
             let calldata = calldata
-                .calldata(&self.deployed_contracts, None, node)
+                .calldata(node, self.default_resolution_context())
                 .await?;
             code.extend(calldata);
         }
@@ -571,6 +751,12 @@ where
 
         Ok((address, abi, Some(receipt)))
     }
+
+    fn default_resolution_context(&self) -> ResolutionContext<'_> {
+        ResolutionContext::default()
+            .with_deployed_contracts(&self.deployed_contracts)
+            .with_variables(&self.variables)
+    }
 }
 
 pub struct CaseDriver<'a, Leader: Platform, Follower: Platform> {
@@ -650,21 +836,25 @@ where
             return Ok(0);
         }
 
-        let mut inputs_executed = 0;
+        let mut steps_executed = 0;
-        for (input_idx, input) in self.case.inputs_iterator().enumerate() {
+        for (step_idx, step) in self.case.steps_iterator().enumerate() {
-            let tracing_span = tracing::info_span!("Handling input", input_idx);
+            let tracing_span = tracing::info_span!("Handling input", step_idx);
 
-            let (leader_receipt, _, leader_diff) = self
+            let leader_step_output = self
                 .leader_state
-                .handle_input(self.metadata, self.case_idx, &input, self.leader_node)
+                .handle_step(self.metadata, self.case_idx, &step, self.leader_node)
                 .instrument(tracing_span.clone())
                 .await?;
-            let (follower_receipt, _, follower_diff) = self
+            let follower_step_output = self
                 .follower_state
-                .handle_input(self.metadata, self.case_idx, &input, self.follower_node)
+                .handle_step(self.metadata, self.case_idx, &step, self.follower_node)
                 .instrument(tracing_span)
                 .await?;
-
+            match (leader_step_output, follower_step_output) {
+                (
+                    StepOutput::FunctionCall(leader_receipt, _, leader_diff),
+                    StepOutput::FunctionCall(follower_receipt, _, follower_diff),
+                ) => {
                     if leader_diff == follower_diff {
                         tracing::debug!("State diffs match between leader and follower.");
                     } else {
@@ -678,74 +868,23 @@ where
                         tracing::trace!("Leader logs: {:?}", leader_receipt.logs());
                         tracing::trace!("Follower logs: {:?}", follower_receipt.logs());
                     }
-
+                }
-            inputs_executed += 1;
+                (StepOutput::BalanceAssertion, StepOutput::BalanceAssertion) => {}
+                (StepOutput::StorageEmptyAssertion, StepOutput::StorageEmptyAssertion) => {}
+                _ => unreachable!("The two step outputs can not be of a different kind"),
             }
 
-        Ok(inputs_executed)
+            steps_executed += 1;
+        }
+
+        Ok(steps_executed)
     }
 }
 
-pub struct BlockPinnedResolver<'a, T: Platform> {
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
-    block_number: BlockNumber,
+#[allow(clippy::large_enum_variant)]
-    node: &'a T::Blockchain,
+pub enum StepOutput {
-}
+    FunctionCall(TransactionReceipt, GethTrace, DiffMode),
-
+    BalanceAssertion,
-impl<'a, T: Platform> ResolverApi for BlockPinnedResolver<'a, T> {
+    StorageEmptyAssertion,
-    async fn chain_id(&self) -> anyhow::Result<alloy::primitives::ChainId> {
-        self.node.chain_id().await
-    }
-
-    async fn block_gas_limit(&self, number: BlockNumberOrTag) -> anyhow::Result<u128> {
-        self.node
-            .block_gas_limit(self.resolve_block_number_or_tag(number))
-            .await
-    }
-
-    async fn block_coinbase(&self, number: BlockNumberOrTag) -> anyhow::Result<Address> {
-        self.node
-            .block_coinbase(self.resolve_block_number_or_tag(number))
-            .await
-    }
-
-    async fn block_difficulty(&self, number: BlockNumberOrTag) -> anyhow::Result<U256> {
-        self.node
-            .block_difficulty(self.resolve_block_number_or_tag(number))
-            .await
-    }
-
-    async fn block_hash(
-        &self,
-        number: BlockNumberOrTag,
-    ) -> anyhow::Result<alloy::primitives::BlockHash> {
-        self.node
-            .block_hash(self.resolve_block_number_or_tag(number))
-            .await
-    }
-
-    async fn block_timestamp(
-        &self,
-        number: BlockNumberOrTag,
-    ) -> anyhow::Result<alloy::primitives::BlockTimestamp> {
-        self.node
-            .block_timestamp(self.resolve_block_number_or_tag(number))
-            .await
-    }
-
-    async fn last_block_number(&self) -> anyhow::Result<alloy::primitives::BlockNumber> {
-        Ok(self.block_number)
-    }
-}
-
-impl<'a, T: Platform> BlockPinnedResolver<'a, T> {
-    fn resolve_block_number_or_tag(&self, number: BlockNumberOrTag) -> BlockNumberOrTag {
-        match number {
-            BlockNumberOrTag::Latest => BlockNumberOrTag::Number(self.block_number),
-            n @ BlockNumberOrTag::Finalized
-            | n @ BlockNumberOrTag::Safe
-            | n @ BlockNumberOrTag::Earliest
-            | n @ BlockNumberOrTag::Pending
-            | n @ BlockNumberOrTag::Number(_) => n,
-        }
-    }
 }

crates/core/src/main.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 use std::{
     collections::HashMap,
-    path::Path,
+    path::{Path, PathBuf},
     sync::{Arc, LazyLock},
+    time::Instant,
 };
 
 use alloy::{
@@ -17,8 +18,8 @@ use revive_dt_common::iterators::FilesWithExtensionIterator;
 use revive_dt_node_interaction::EthereumNode;
 use semver::Version;
 use temp_dir::TempDir;
-use tokio::sync::{Mutex, RwLock};
+use tokio::sync::{Mutex, RwLock, mpsc};
-use tracing::{Instrument, Level};
+use tracing::{Instrument, Level, instrument};
 use tracing_subscriber::{EnvFilter, FmtSubscriber};
 
 use revive_dt_compiler::SolidityCompiler;
@@ -31,24 +32,37 @@ use revive_dt_core::{
 use revive_dt_format::{
     case::{Case, CaseIdx},
     corpus::Corpus,
-    input::Input,
+    input::{Input, Step},
     metadata::{ContractInstance, ContractPathAndIdent, Metadata, MetadataFile},
-    mode::SolcMode,
+    mode::{Mode, SolcMode},
 };
 use revive_dt_node::pool::NodePool;
 use revive_dt_report::reporter::{Report, Span};
 
 static TEMP_DIR: LazyLock<TempDir> = LazyLock::new(|| TempDir::new().unwrap());
 
-type CompilationCache<'a> = Arc<
+type CompilationCache = Arc<
     RwLock<
         HashMap<
-            (&'a Path, SolcMode, TestingPlatform),
+            (PathBuf, SolcMode, TestingPlatform),
             Arc<Mutex<Option<Arc<(Version, CompilerOutput)>>>>,
         >,
     >,
 >;
 
+/// this represents a single "test"; a mode, path and collection of cases.
+#[derive(Clone)]
+struct Test {
+    metadata: Metadata,
+    path: PathBuf,
+    mode: SolcMode,
+    case_idx: usize,
+    case: Case,
+}
+
+/// This represents the results that we gather from running test cases.
+type CaseResult = Result<usize, anyhow::Error>;
+
 fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
     let args = init_cli()?;
 
@@ -119,7 +133,7 @@ fn collect_corpora(args: &Arguments) -> anyhow::Result<HashMap<Corpus, Vec<Metad
 
 async fn run_driver<L, F>(
     args: &Arguments,
-    tests: &[MetadataFile],
+    metadata_files: &[MetadataFile],
     span: Span,
 ) -> anyhow::Result<()>
 where
@@ -128,10 +142,25 @@ where
     L::Blockchain: revive_dt_node::Node + Send + Sync + 'static,
     F::Blockchain: revive_dt_node::Node + Send + Sync + 'static,
 {
-    let leader_nodes = NodePool::<L::Blockchain>::new(args)?;
+    let (report_tx, report_rx) = mpsc::unbounded_channel::<(Test, CaseResult)>();
-    let follower_nodes = NodePool::<F::Blockchain>::new(args)?;
 
-    let test_cases = tests
+    let tests = prepare_tests::<L, F>(metadata_files);
+    let driver_task = start_driver_task::<L, F>(args, tests, span, report_tx)?;
+    let status_reporter_task = start_reporter_task(report_rx);
+
+    tokio::join!(status_reporter_task, driver_task);
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+fn prepare_tests<L, F>(metadata_files: &[MetadataFile]) -> impl Iterator<Item = Test>
+where
+    L: Platform,
+    F: Platform,
+    L::Blockchain: revive_dt_node::Node + Send + Sync + 'static,
+    F::Blockchain: revive_dt_node::Node + Send + Sync + 'static,
+{
+    metadata_files
         .iter()
         .flat_map(
             |MetadataFile {
@@ -143,8 +172,7 @@ where
                     .iter()
                     .enumerate()
                     .flat_map(move |(case_idx, case)| {
-                        metadata
+                        SolcMode::ALL
-                            .solc_modes()
                             .into_iter()
                             .map(move |solc_mode| (path, metadata, case_idx, case, solc_mode))
                     })
@@ -176,183 +204,201 @@ where
                 Some(false) | None => true,
             },
         )
-        .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+        .filter(|(metadata_file_path, metadata, ..)| match metadata.required_evm_version {
+            Some(evm_version_requirement) => {
+                let is_allowed = evm_version_requirement
+                    .matches(&<L::Blockchain as revive_dt_node::Node>::evm_version())
+                    && evm_version_requirement
+                        .matches(&<F::Blockchain as revive_dt_node::Node>::evm_version());
 
-    let metadata_case_status = Arc::new(RwLock::new(test_cases.iter().fold(
+                if !is_allowed {
-        HashMap::<_, HashMap<_, _>>::new(),
+                    tracing::warn!(
-        |mut map, (path, _, case_idx, case, solc_mode)| {
+                        metadata_file_path = %metadata_file_path.display(),
-            map.entry((path.to_path_buf(), solc_mode.clone()))
+                        leader_evm_version = %<L::Blockchain as revive_dt_node::Node>::evm_version(),
-                .or_default()
+                        follower_evm_version = %<F::Blockchain as revive_dt_node::Node>::evm_version(),
-                .insert((CaseIdx::new(*case_idx), case.name.clone()), None::<bool>);
+                        version_requirement = %evm_version_requirement,
-            map
+                        "Skipped test since the EVM version requirement was not fulfilled."
-        },
-    )));
-    let status_reporter_task = {
-        let metadata_case_status = metadata_case_status.clone();
-        async move {
-            const GREEN: &str = "\x1B[32m";
-            const RED: &str = "\x1B[31m";
-            const RESET: &str = "\x1B[0m";
-
-            let mut entries_to_delete = Vec::new();
-            let mut number_of_successes = 0;
-            let mut number_of_failures = 0;
-            loop {
-                let metadata_case_status_read = metadata_case_status.read().await;
-                if metadata_case_status_read.is_empty() {
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                for ((metadata_file_path, solc_mode), case_status) in
-                    metadata_case_status_read.iter()
-                {
-                    if case_status.values().any(|value| value.is_none()) {
-                        continue;
-                    }
-
-                    let contains_failures = case_status
-                        .values()
-                        .any(|value| value.is_some_and(|value| !value));
-
-                    if !contains_failures {
-                        eprintln!(
-                            "{}Succeeded:{} {} - {:?}",
-                            GREEN,
-                            RESET,
-                            metadata_file_path.display(),
-                            solc_mode
-                        )
-                    } else {
-                        eprintln!(
-                            "{}Failed:{} {} - {:?}",
-                            RED,
-                            RESET,
-                            metadata_file_path.display(),
-                            solc_mode
-                        )
-                    };
-
-                    number_of_successes += case_status
-                        .values()
-                        .filter(|value| value.is_some_and(|value| value))
-                        .count();
-                    number_of_failures += case_status
-                        .values()
-                        .filter(|value| value.is_some_and(|value| !value))
-                        .count();
-
-                    let mut case_status = case_status
-                        .iter()
-                        .map(|((case_idx, case_name), case_status)| {
-                            (case_idx.into_inner(), case_name, case_status.unwrap())
-                        })
-                        .collect::<Vec<_>>();
-                    case_status.sort_by(|a, b| a.0.cmp(&b.0));
-                    for (_, case_name, case_status) in case_status.into_iter() {
-                        if case_status {
-                            eprintln!(
-                                "{GREEN}  Case Succeeded:{RESET} {}",
-                                case_name
-                                    .as_ref()
-                                    .map(|string| string.as_str())
-                                    .unwrap_or("Unnamed case")
-                            )
-                        } else {
-                            eprintln!(
-                                "{RED}  Case Failed:{RESET} {}",
-                                case_name
-                                    .as_ref()
-                                    .map(|string| string.as_str())
-                                    .unwrap_or("Unnamed case")
-                            )
-                        };
-                    }
-                    eprintln!();
-
-                    entries_to_delete.push((metadata_file_path.clone(), solc_mode.clone()));
-                }
-
-                drop(metadata_case_status_read);
-                let mut metadata_case_status_write = metadata_case_status.write().await;
-                for entry in entries_to_delete.drain(..) {
-                    metadata_case_status_write.remove(&entry);
-                }
-
-                tokio::time::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_secs(3)).await;
-            }
-
-            eprintln!(
-                "{GREEN}{number_of_successes}{RESET} cases succeeded, {RED}{number_of_failures}{RESET} cases failed"
                     );
                 }
-    };
 
+                is_allowed
+            }
+            None => true,
+        })
+        .flat_map(|(path, metadata, case_idx, case, solc_mode)| {
+            if let Some(ref case_modes) = case.modes {
+                case_modes
+                    .iter()
+                    .filter_map(Mode::as_solc_mode)
+                    .filter(|case_mode| case_mode.matches(&solc_mode))
+                    .map(|case_mode| (path, metadata, case_idx, case, case_mode.clone()))
+                    .collect::<Vec<_>>()
+                    .into_iter()
+            } else if let Some(ref metadata_modes) = metadata.modes {
+                metadata_modes
+                    .iter()
+                    .filter_map(Mode::as_solc_mode)
+                    .filter(|metadata_mode| metadata_mode.matches(&solc_mode))
+                    .map(|metadata_mode| (path, metadata, case_idx, case, metadata_mode.clone()))
+                    .collect::<Vec<_>>()
+                    .into_iter()
+            } else {
+                vec![(path, metadata, case_idx, case, solc_mode)].into_iter()
+            }
+        })
+        .map(|(metadata_file_path, metadata, case_idx, case, solc_mode)| {
+            Test {
+                metadata: metadata.clone(),
+                path: metadata_file_path.to_path_buf(),
+                mode: solc_mode,
+                case_idx,
+                case: case.clone(),
+            }
+        })
+}
+
+fn start_driver_task<L, F>(
+    args: &Arguments,
+    tests: impl Iterator<Item = Test>,
+    span: Span,
+    report_tx: mpsc::UnboundedSender<(Test, CaseResult)>,
+) -> anyhow::Result<impl Future<Output = ()>>
+where
+    L: Platform,
+    F: Platform,
+    L::Blockchain: revive_dt_node::Node + Send + Sync + 'static,
+    F::Blockchain: revive_dt_node::Node + Send + Sync + 'static,
+{
+    let leader_nodes = Arc::new(NodePool::<L::Blockchain>::new(args)?);
+    let follower_nodes = Arc::new(NodePool::<F::Blockchain>::new(args)?);
     let compilation_cache = Arc::new(RwLock::new(HashMap::new()));
-    let driver_task = futures::stream::iter(test_cases).for_each_concurrent(
+    let number_concurrent_tasks = args.number_of_concurrent_tasks();
-        None,
+
-        |(metadata_file_path, metadata, case_idx, case, solc_mode)| {
+    Ok(futures::stream::iter(tests).for_each_concurrent(
+        // We want to limit the concurrent tasks here because:
+        //
+        // 1. We don't want to overwhelm the nodes with too many requests, leading to responses timing out.
+        // 2. We don't want to open too many files at once, leading to the OS running out of file descriptors.
+        //
+        // By default, we allow maximum of 10 ongoing requests per node in order to limit (1), and assume that
+        // this number will automatically be low enough to address (2). The user can override this.
+        Some(number_concurrent_tasks),
+        move |test| {
+            let leader_nodes = leader_nodes.clone();
+            let follower_nodes = follower_nodes.clone();
             let compilation_cache = compilation_cache.clone();
+            let report_tx = report_tx.clone();
+
+            async move {
                 let leader_node = leader_nodes.round_robbin();
                 let follower_node = follower_nodes.round_robbin();
+
                 let tracing_span = tracing::span!(
                     Level::INFO,
                     "Running driver",
-                metadata_file_path = %metadata_file_path.display(),
+                    metadata_file_path = %test.path.display(),
-                case_idx = case_idx,
+                    case_idx = ?test.case_idx,
-                solc_mode = ?solc_mode,
+                    solc_mode = %test.mode,
                 );
-            let metadata_case_status = metadata_case_status.clone();
+
-            async move {
                 let result = handle_case_driver::<L, F>(
-                    metadata_file_path.as_path(),
+                    &test.path,
-                    metadata,
+                    &test.metadata,
-                    case_idx.into(),
+                    test.case_idx.into(),
-                    case,
+                    &test.case,
-                    solc_mode.clone(),
+                    test.mode.clone(),
                     args,
                     compilation_cache.clone(),
                     leader_node,
                     follower_node,
                     span,
                 )
-                .await;
-                let mut metadata_case_status = metadata_case_status.write().await;
-                match result {
-                    Ok(inputs_executed) => {
-                        tracing::info!(inputs_executed, "Execution succeeded");
-                        metadata_case_status
-                            .entry((metadata_file_path.clone(), solc_mode))
-                            .or_default()
-                            .insert((CaseIdx::new(case_idx), case.name.clone()), Some(true));
-                    }
-                    Err(error) => {
-                        metadata_case_status
-                            .entry((metadata_file_path.clone(), solc_mode))
-                            .or_default()
-                            .insert((CaseIdx::new(case_idx), case.name.clone()), Some(false));
-                        tracing::error!(%error, "Execution failed")
-                    }
-                }
-                tracing::info!("Execution completed");
-            }
                 .instrument(tracing_span)
+                .await;
+
+                report_tx
+                    .send((test, result))
+                    .expect("Failed to send report");
+            }
         },
+    ))
+}
+
+async fn start_reporter_task(mut report_rx: mpsc::UnboundedReceiver<(Test, CaseResult)>) {
+    let start = Instant::now();
+
+    const GREEN: &str = "\x1B[32m";
+    const RED: &str = "\x1B[31m";
+    const COLOR_RESET: &str = "\x1B[0m";
+    const BOLD: &str = "\x1B[1m";
+    const BOLD_RESET: &str = "\x1B[22m";
+
+    let mut number_of_successes = 0;
+    let mut number_of_failures = 0;
+    let mut failures = vec![];
+
+    // Wait for reports to come from our test runner. When the channel closes, this ends.
+    while let Some((test, case_result)) = report_rx.recv().await {
+        let case_name = test.case.name.as_deref().unwrap_or("unnamed_case");
+        let case_idx = test.case_idx;
+        let test_path = test.path.display();
+        let test_mode = test.mode.clone();
+
+        match case_result {
+            Ok(_inputs) => {
+                number_of_successes += 1;
+                eprintln!(
+                    "{GREEN}Case Succeeded:{COLOR_RESET} {test_path} -> {case_name}:{case_idx} (mode: {test_mode})"
                 );
+            }
+            Err(err) => {
+                number_of_failures += 1;
+                eprintln!(
+                    "{RED}Case Failed:{COLOR_RESET} {test_path} -> {case_name}:{case_idx} (mode: {test_mode})"
+                );
+                failures.push((test, err));
+            }
+        }
+    }
 
-    tokio::join!(status_reporter_task, driver_task);
+    eprintln!();
+    let elapsed = start.elapsed();
 
-    Ok(())
+    // Now, log the failures with more complete errors at the bottom, like `cargo test` does, so
+    // that we don't have to scroll through the entire output to find them.
+    if !failures.is_empty() {
+        eprintln!("{BOLD}Failures:{BOLD_RESET}\n");
+
+        for failure in failures {
+            let (test, err) = failure;
+            let case_name = test.case.name.as_deref().unwrap_or("unnamed_case");
+            let case_idx = test.case_idx;
+            let test_path = test.path.display();
+            let test_mode = test.mode.clone();
+
+            eprintln!(
+                "---- {RED}Case Failed:{COLOR_RESET} {test_path} -> {case_name}:{case_idx} (mode: {test_mode}) ----\n\n{err}\n"
+            );
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Summary at the end.
+    eprintln!(
+        "{} cases: {GREEN}{number_of_successes}{COLOR_RESET} cases succeeded, {RED}{number_of_failures}{COLOR_RESET} cases failed in {} seconds",
+        number_of_successes + number_of_failures,
+        elapsed.as_secs()
+    );
 }
 
 #[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
-async fn handle_case_driver<'a, L, F>(
+async fn handle_case_driver<L, F>(
-    metadata_file_path: &'a Path,
+    metadata_file_path: &Path,
-    metadata: &'a Metadata,
+    metadata: &Metadata,
     case_idx: CaseIdx,
     case: &Case,
     mode: SolcMode,
     config: &Arguments,
-    compilation_cache: CompilationCache<'a>,
+    compilation_cache: CompilationCache,
     leader_node: &L::Blockchain,
     follower_node: &F::Blockchain,
     _: Span,
@@ -440,9 +486,13 @@ where
         // doing the deployments from different accounts and therefore we're not slowed down by
         // the nonce.
         let deployer_address = case
-            .inputs
+            .steps
             .iter()
-            .map(|input| input.caller)
+            .filter_map(|step| match step {
+                Step::FunctionCall(input) => Some(input.caller),
+                Step::BalanceAssertion(..) => None,
+                Step::StorageEmptyAssertion(..) => None,
+            })
             .next()
             .unwrap_or(Input::default_caller());
         let leader_tx = TransactionBuilder::<Ethereum>::with_deploy_code(
@@ -489,11 +539,9 @@ where
         );
 
         let Some(leader_library_address) = leader_receipt.contract_address else {
-            tracing::error!("Contract deployment transaction didn't return an address");
             anyhow::bail!("Contract deployment didn't return an address");
         };
         let Some(follower_library_address) = follower_receipt.contract_address else {
-            tracing::error!("Contract deployment transaction didn't return an address");
             anyhow::bail!("Contract deployment didn't return an address");
         };
 
@@ -523,8 +571,16 @@ where
         .any(|(code, _)| !code.chars().all(|char| char.is_ascii_hexdigit()));
     let (leader_compiled_contracts, follower_compiled_contracts) =
         if metadata_file_contains_libraries && compiled_contracts_require_linking {
-            let leader_key = (metadata_file_path, mode.clone(), L::config_id());
+            let leader_key = (
-            let follower_key = (metadata_file_path, mode.clone(), L::config_id());
+                metadata_file_path.to_path_buf(),
+                mode.clone(),
+                L::config_id(),
+            );
+            let follower_key = (
+                metadata_file_path.to_path_buf(),
+                mode.clone(),
+                F::config_id(),
+            );
             {
                 let mut cache = compilation_cache.write().await;
                 cache.remove(&leader_key);
@@ -578,15 +634,19 @@ where
     driver.execute().await
 }
 
-async fn get_or_build_contracts<'a, P: Platform>(
+async fn get_or_build_contracts<P: Platform>(
-    metadata: &'a Metadata,
+    metadata: &Metadata,
-    metadata_file_path: &'a Path,
+    metadata_file_path: &Path,
     mode: SolcMode,
     config: &Arguments,
-    compilation_cache: CompilationCache<'a>,
+    compilation_cache: CompilationCache,
     deployed_libraries: &HashMap<ContractInstance, (Address, JsonAbi)>,
 ) -> anyhow::Result<Arc<(Version, CompilerOutput)>> {
-    let key = (metadata_file_path, mode.clone(), P::config_id());
+    let key = (
+        metadata_file_path.to_path_buf(),
+        mode.clone(),
+        P::config_id(),
+    );
     if let Some(compilation_artifact) = compilation_cache.read().await.get(&key).cloned() {
         let mut compilation_artifact = compilation_artifact.lock().await;
         match *compilation_artifact {
@@ -634,6 +694,16 @@ async fn get_or_build_contracts<'a, P: Platform>(
     Ok(compiled_contracts.clone())
 }
 
+#[instrument(
+    level = "info",
+    skip_all,
+    fields(
+        metadata_file_path = %metadata_file_path.display(),
+        mode = %mode,
+        deployed_libraries = deployed_libraries.len(),
+    ),
+    err
+)]
 async fn compile_contracts<P: Platform>(
     metadata: &Metadata,
     metadata_file_path: &Path,
@@ -644,18 +714,25 @@ async fn compile_contracts<P: Platform>(
     let compiler_version_or_requirement = mode.compiler_version_to_use(config.solc.clone());
     let compiler_path =
         P::Compiler::get_compiler_executable(config, compiler_version_or_requirement).await?;
-    let compiler_version = P::Compiler::new(compiler_path.clone()).version()?;
+    let compiler_version = P::Compiler::new(compiler_path.clone())
+        .version()
+        .inspect_err(|err| tracing::error!(%err, "Failed to get compiler version"))?;
 
     tracing::info!(
         %compiler_version,
         metadata_file_path = %metadata_file_path.display(),
-        mode = ?mode,
+        mode = %mode,
         "Compiling contracts"
     );
 
     let compiler = Compiler::<P::Compiler>::new()
-        .with_allow_path(metadata.directory()?)
+        .with_allow_path(
-        .with_optimization(mode.solc_optimize());
+            metadata
+                .directory()
+                .inspect_err(|err| tracing::error!(%err, "Failed to get the metadata directory"))?,
+        )
+        .with_optimization(mode.optimize)
+        .with_via_ir(mode.via_ir);
     let mut compiler = metadata
         .files_to_compile()?
         .try_fold(compiler, |compiler, path| compiler.with_source(&path))?;
@@ -672,14 +749,28 @@ async fn compile_contracts<P: Platform>(
         // yet more compute intensive route, of telling solc that all of the files need to link the
         // library and it will only perform the linking for the files that do actually need the
         // library.
-        compiler = FilesWithExtensionIterator::new(metadata.directory()?)
+        compiler =
+            FilesWithExtensionIterator::new(metadata.directory().inspect_err(
+                |err| tracing::error!(%err, "Failed to get the metadata directory"),
+            )?)
             .with_allowed_extension("sol")
+            .with_use_cached_fs(true)
             .fold(compiler, |compiler, path| {
                 compiler.with_library(&path, library_ident.as_str(), *library_address)
             });
     }
 
-    let compiler_output = compiler.try_build(compiler_path).await?;
+    let compiler_output = compiler
+        .try_build(compiler_path)
+        .await
+        .inspect_err(|err| tracing::error!(%err, "Contract compilation failed"))?;
+
+    tracing::info!(
+        %compiler_version,
+        metadata_file_path = %metadata_file_path.display(),
+        mode = %mode,
+        "Compiled contracts"
+    );
 
     Ok((compiler_version, compiler_output))
 }

crates/format/Cargo.toml

@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@ rust-version.workspace = true
 [dependencies]
 revive-dt-common = { workspace = true }
 
+revive-common = { workspace = true }
+
 alloy = { workspace = true }
 alloy-primitives = { workspace = true }
 alloy-sol-types = { workspace = true }

crates/format/src/case.rs

@@ -1,32 +1,57 @@
-use serde::Deserialize;
+use std::collections::HashSet;
+
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 
 use revive_dt_common::macros::define_wrapper_type;
 
 use crate::{
-    input::{Expected, Input},
+    input::{Expected, Step},
+    metadata::{deserialize_compilation_modes, serialize_compilation_modes},
     mode::Mode,
 };
 
-#[derive(Debug, Default, Deserialize, Clone, Eq, PartialEq)]
+#[derive(Debug, Default, Serialize, Deserialize, Clone, Eq, PartialEq)]
 pub struct Case {
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
     pub name: Option<String>,
+
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
     pub comment: Option<String>,
-    pub modes: Option<Vec<Mode>>,
+
-    pub inputs: Vec<Input>,
+    #[serde(
+        default,
+        skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none",
+        deserialize_with = "deserialize_compilation_modes",
+        serialize_with = "serialize_compilation_modes"
+    )]
+    pub modes: Option<HashSet<Mode>>,
+
+    #[serde(rename = "inputs")]
+    pub steps: Vec<Step>,
+
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
     pub group: Option<String>,
+
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
     pub expected: Option<Expected>,
+
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
     pub ignore: Option<bool>,
 }
 
 impl Case {
-    pub fn inputs_iterator(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = Input> {
+    pub fn steps_iterator(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = Step> {
-        let inputs_len = self.inputs.len();
+        let steps_len = self.steps.len();
-        self.inputs
+        self.steps
             .clone()
             .into_iter()
             .enumerate()
-            .map(move |(idx, mut input)| {
+            .map(move |(idx, mut step)| {
-                if idx + 1 == inputs_len {
+                let Step::FunctionCall(ref mut input) = step else {
+                    return step;
+                };
+
+                if idx + 1 == steps_len {
                     if input.expected.is_none() {
                         input.expected = self.expected.clone();
                     }
@@ -36,9 +61,9 @@ impl Case {
                     // the case? What are we supposed to do with that final expected field on the
                     // case?
 
-                    input
+                    step
                 } else {
-                    input
+                    step
                 }
             })
     }

crates/format/src/corpus.rs

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ use std::{
     path::{Path, PathBuf},
 };
 
+use revive_dt_common::cached_fs::read_dir;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 
 use crate::metadata::MetadataFile;
@@ -54,7 +55,7 @@ impl Corpus {
 /// `path` is expected to be a directory.
 pub fn collect_metadata(path: &Path, tests: &mut Vec<MetadataFile>) {
     if path.is_dir() {
-        let dir_entry = match std::fs::read_dir(path) {
+        let dir_entry = match read_dir(path) {
             Ok(dir_entry) => dir_entry,
             Err(error) => {
                 tracing::error!("failed to read dir '{}': {error}", path.display());
@@ -62,8 +63,8 @@ pub fn collect_metadata(path: &Path, tests: &mut Vec<MetadataFile>) {
             }
         };
 
-        for entry in dir_entry {
+        for path in dir_entry {
-            let entry = match entry {
+            let path = match path {
                 Ok(entry) => entry,
                 Err(error) => {
                     tracing::error!("error reading dir entry: {error}");
@@ -71,7 +72,6 @@ pub fn collect_metadata(path: &Path, tests: &mut Vec<MetadataFile>) {
                 }
             };
 
-            let path = entry.path();
             if path.is_dir() {
                 collect_metadata(&path, tests);
                 continue;

crates/format/src/input.rs

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ use std::collections::HashMap;
 use alloy::{
     eips::BlockNumberOrTag,
     hex::ToHexExt,
-    json_abi::JsonAbi,
+    json_abi::Function,
     network::TransactionBuilder,
     primitives::{Address, Bytes, U256},
     rpc::types::TransactionRequest,
@@ -15,26 +15,90 @@ use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 
 use revive_dt_common::macros::define_wrapper_type;
 
-use crate::metadata::ContractInstance;
 use crate::traits::ResolverApi;
+use crate::{metadata::ContractInstance, traits::ResolutionContext};
 
-#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, Deserialize, Eq, PartialEq)]
+/// A test step.
+///
+/// A test step can be anything. It could be an invocation to a function, an assertion, or any other
+/// action that needs to be run or executed on the nodes used in the tests.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Serialize, Deserialize, Eq, PartialEq)]
+#[serde(untagged)]
+pub enum Step {
+    /// A function call or an invocation to some function on some smart contract.
+    FunctionCall(Box<Input>),
+    /// A step for performing a balance assertion on some account or contract.
+    BalanceAssertion(Box<BalanceAssertion>),
+    /// A step for asserting that the storage of some contract or account is empty.
+    StorageEmptyAssertion(Box<StorageEmptyAssertion>),
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, Serialize, Deserialize, Eq, PartialEq)]
 pub struct Input {
     #[serde(default = "Input::default_caller")]
     pub caller: Address,
+
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
     pub comment: Option<String>,
+
     #[serde(default = "Input::default_instance")]
     pub instance: ContractInstance,
+
     pub method: Method,
+
     #[serde(default)]
     pub calldata: Calldata,
+
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
     pub expected: Option<Expected>,
+
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
     pub value: Option<EtherValue>,
+
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
     pub storage: Option<HashMap<String, Calldata>>,
+
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
     pub variable_assignments: Option<VariableAssignments>,
 }
 
-#[derive(Clone, Debug, Deserialize, Eq, PartialEq)]
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, Serialize, Deserialize, Eq, PartialEq)]
+pub struct BalanceAssertion {
+    /// An optional comment on the balance assertion.
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub comment: Option<String>,
+
+    /// The address that the balance assertion should be done on.
+    ///
+    /// This is a string which will be resolved into an address when being processed. Therefore,
+    /// this could be a normal hex address, a variable such as `Test.address`, or perhaps even a
+    /// full on variable like `$VARIABLE:Uniswap`. It follows the same resolution rules that are
+    /// followed in the calldata.
+    pub address: String,
+
+    /// The amount of balance to assert that the account or contract has.
+    pub expected_balance: U256,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, Serialize, Deserialize, Eq, PartialEq)]
+pub struct StorageEmptyAssertion {
+    /// An optional comment on the storage empty assertion.
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub comment: Option<String>,
+
+    /// The address that the balance assertion should be done on.
+    ///
+    /// This is a string which will be resolved into an address when being processed. Therefore,
+    /// this could be a normal hex address, a variable such as `Test.address`, or perhaps even a
+    /// full on variable like `$VARIABLE:Uniswap`. It follows the same resolution rules that are
+    /// followed in the calldata.
+    pub address: String,
+
+    /// A boolean of whether the storage of the address is empty or not.
+    pub is_storage_empty: bool,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Serialize, Deserialize, Eq, PartialEq)]
 #[serde(untagged)]
 pub enum Expected {
     Calldata(Calldata),
@@ -42,17 +106,21 @@ pub enum Expected {
     ExpectedMany(Vec<ExpectedOutput>),
 }
 
-#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, Deserialize, Eq, PartialEq)]
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, Serialize, Deserialize, Eq, PartialEq)]
 pub struct ExpectedOutput {
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
     pub compiler_version: Option<VersionReq>,
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
     pub return_data: Option<Calldata>,
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
     pub events: Option<Vec<Event>>,
     #[serde(default)]
     pub exception: bool,
 }
 
-#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, Deserialize, Eq, PartialEq)]
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, Serialize, Deserialize, Eq, PartialEq)]
 pub struct Event {
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
     pub address: Option<String>,
     pub topics: Vec<String>,
     pub values: Calldata,
@@ -109,7 +177,7 @@ pub struct Event {
 /// [`Single`]: Calldata::Single
 /// [`Compound`]: Calldata::Compound
 /// [reverse polish notation]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reverse_Polish_notation
-#[derive(Clone, Debug, Deserialize, Eq, PartialEq)]
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Serialize, Deserialize, Eq, PartialEq)]
 #[serde(untagged)]
 pub enum Calldata {
     Single(Bytes),
@@ -143,7 +211,7 @@ enum Operation {
 }
 
 /// Specify how the contract is called.
-#[derive(Debug, Default, Deserialize, Clone, Eq, PartialEq)]
+#[derive(Debug, Default, Serialize, Deserialize, Clone, Eq, PartialEq)]
 pub enum Method {
     /// Initiate a deploy transaction, calling contracts constructor.
     ///
@@ -168,7 +236,7 @@ define_wrapper_type!(
     pub struct EtherValue(U256);
 );
 
-#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, Deserialize, Eq, PartialEq)]
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, Serialize, Deserialize, Eq, PartialEq)]
 pub struct VariableAssignments {
     /// A vector of the variable names to assign to the return data.
     ///
@@ -187,37 +255,21 @@ impl Input {
         ContractInstance::new("Test")
     }
 
-    fn instance_to_address(
+    pub async fn encoded_input(
         &self,
-        instance: &ContractInstance,
-        deployed_contracts: &HashMap<ContractInstance, (Address, JsonAbi)>,
-    ) -> anyhow::Result<Address> {
-        deployed_contracts
-            .get(instance)
-            .map(|(a, _)| *a)
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow::anyhow!("instance {instance:?} not deployed"))
-    }
-
-    pub async fn encoded_input<'a>(
-        &'a self,
-        deployed_contracts: &HashMap<ContractInstance, (Address, JsonAbi)>,
-        variables: impl Into<Option<&'a HashMap<String, U256>>> + Clone,
         resolver: &impl ResolverApi,
+        context: ResolutionContext<'_>,
     ) -> anyhow::Result<Bytes> {
         match self.method {
             Method::Deployer | Method::Fallback => {
-                let calldata = self
+                let calldata = self.calldata.calldata(resolver, context).await?;
-                    .calldata
-                    .calldata(deployed_contracts, variables, resolver)
-                    .await?;
 
                 Ok(calldata.into())
             }
             Method::FunctionName(ref function_name) => {
-                let Some(abi) = deployed_contracts.get(&self.instance).map(|(_, a)| a) else {
+                let Some(abi) = context.deployed_contract_abi(&self.instance) else {
                     tracing::error!(
                         contract_name = self.instance.as_ref(),
-                        available_abis = ?deployed_contracts.keys().collect::<Vec<_>>(),
                         "Attempted to lookup ABI of contract but it wasn't found"
                     );
                     anyhow::bail!("ABI for instance '{}' not found", self.instance.as_ref());
@@ -228,9 +280,17 @@ impl Input {
                 // We follow the same logic that's implemented in the matter-labs-tester where they resolve
                 // the function name into a function selector and they assume that he function doesn't have
                 // any existing overloads.
+                // Overloads are handled by providing the full function signature in the "function
+                // name".
                 // https://github.com/matter-labs/era-compiler-tester/blob/1dfa7d07cba0734ca97e24704f12dd57f6990c2c/compiler_tester/src/test/case/input/mod.rs#L158-L190
-                let function = abi
+                let selector = if function_name.contains('(') && function_name.contains(')') {
-                    .functions()
+                    Function::parse(function_name)
+                        .context(
+                            "Failed to parse the provided function name into a function signature",
+                        )?
+                        .selector()
+                } else {
+                    abi.functions()
                         .find(|function| function.signature().starts_with(function_name))
                         .ok_or_else(|| {
                             anyhow::anyhow!(
@@ -238,7 +298,9 @@ impl Input {
                                 function_name,
                                 &self.instance
                             )
-                    })?;
+                        })?
+                        .selector()
+                };
 
                 tracing::trace!("Functions found for instance: {}", self.instance.as_ref());
 
@@ -254,9 +316,9 @@ impl Input {
                 // We're using indices in the following code in order to avoid the need for us to allocate
                 // a new buffer for each one of the resolved arguments.
                 let mut calldata = Vec::<u8>::with_capacity(4 + self.calldata.size_requirement());
-                calldata.extend(function.selector().0);
+                calldata.extend(selector.0);
                 self.calldata
-                    .calldata_into_slice(&mut calldata, deployed_contracts, variables, resolver)
+                    .calldata_into_slice(&mut calldata, resolver, context)
                     .await?;
 
                 Ok(calldata.into())
@@ -265,15 +327,12 @@ impl Input {
     }
 
     /// Parse this input into a legacy transaction.
-    pub async fn legacy_transaction<'a>(
+    pub async fn legacy_transaction(
-        &'a self,
+        &self,
-        deployed_contracts: &HashMap<ContractInstance, (Address, JsonAbi)>,
-        variables: impl Into<Option<&'a HashMap<String, U256>>> + Clone,
         resolver: &impl ResolverApi,
+        context: ResolutionContext<'_>,
     ) -> anyhow::Result<TransactionRequest> {
-        let input_data = self
+        let input_data = self.encoded_input(resolver, context).await?;
-            .encoded_input(deployed_contracts, variables, resolver)
-            .await?;
         let transaction_request = TransactionRequest::default().from(self.caller).value(
             self.value
                 .map(|value| value.into_inner())
@@ -282,7 +341,10 @@ impl Input {
         match self.method {
             Method::Deployer => Ok(transaction_request.with_deploy_code(input_data)),
             _ => Ok(transaction_request
-                .to(self.instance_to_address(&self.instance, deployed_contracts)?)
+                .to(context
+                    .deployed_contract_address(&self.instance)
+                    .context("Failed to get the contract address")
+                    .copied()?)
                 .input(input_data.into())),
         }
     }
@@ -351,24 +413,22 @@ impl Calldata {
         }
     }
 
-    pub async fn calldata<'a>(
+    pub async fn calldata(
-        &'a self,
+        &self,
-        deployed_contracts: &HashMap<ContractInstance, (Address, JsonAbi)>,
-        variables: impl Into<Option<&'a HashMap<String, U256>>> + Clone,
         resolver: &impl ResolverApi,
+        context: ResolutionContext<'_>,
     ) -> anyhow::Result<Vec<u8>> {
         let mut buffer = Vec::<u8>::with_capacity(self.size_requirement());
-        self.calldata_into_slice(&mut buffer, deployed_contracts, variables, resolver)
+        self.calldata_into_slice(&mut buffer, resolver, context)
             .await?;
         Ok(buffer)
     }
 
-    pub async fn calldata_into_slice<'a>(
+    pub async fn calldata_into_slice(
-        &'a self,
+        &self,
         buffer: &mut Vec<u8>,
-        deployed_contracts: &HashMap<ContractInstance, (Address, JsonAbi)>,
-        variables: impl Into<Option<&'a HashMap<String, U256>>> + Clone,
         resolver: &impl ResolverApi,
+        context: ResolutionContext<'_>,
     ) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
         match self {
             Calldata::Single(bytes) => {
@@ -376,10 +436,7 @@ impl Calldata {
             }
             Calldata::Compound(items) => {
                 for (arg_idx, arg) in items.iter().enumerate() {
-                    match arg
+                    match arg.resolve(resolver, context).await {
-                        .resolve(deployed_contracts, variables.clone(), resolver)
-                        .await
-                    {
                         Ok(resolved) => {
                             buffer.extend(resolved.to_be_bytes::<32>());
                         }
@@ -402,12 +459,11 @@ impl Calldata {
     }
 
     /// Checks if this [`Calldata`] is equivalent to the passed calldata bytes.
-    pub async fn is_equivalent<'a>(
+    pub async fn is_equivalent(
-        &'a self,
+        &self,
         other: &[u8],
-        deployed_contracts: &HashMap<ContractInstance, (Address, JsonAbi)>,
-        variables: impl Into<Option<&'a HashMap<String, U256>>> + Clone,
         resolver: &impl ResolverApi,
+        context: ResolutionContext<'_>,
     ) -> anyhow::Result<bool> {
         match self {
             Calldata::Single(calldata) => Ok(calldata == other),
@@ -429,9 +485,7 @@ impl Calldata {
                         std::borrow::Cow::Borrowed(other)
                     };
 
-                    let this = this
+                    let this = this.resolve(resolver, context).await?;
-                        .resolve(deployed_contracts, variables.clone(), resolver)
-                        .await?;
                     let other = U256::from_be_slice(&other);
                     if this != other {
                         return Ok(false);
@@ -444,17 +498,16 @@ impl Calldata {
 }
 
 impl CalldataItem {
-    async fn resolve<'a>(
+    async fn resolve(
-        &'a self,
+        &self,
-        deployed_contracts: &HashMap<ContractInstance, (Address, JsonAbi)>,
-        variables: impl Into<Option<&'a HashMap<String, U256>>> + Clone,
         resolver: &impl ResolverApi,
+        context: ResolutionContext<'_>,
     ) -> anyhow::Result<U256> {
         let mut stack = Vec::<CalldataToken<U256>>::new();
 
         for token in self
             .calldata_tokens()
-            .map(|token| token.resolve(deployed_contracts, variables.clone(), resolver))
+            .map(|token| token.resolve(resolver, context))
         {
             let token = token.await?;
             let new_token = match token {
@@ -509,7 +562,7 @@ impl CalldataItem {
         }
     }
 
-    fn calldata_tokens<'a>(&'a self) -> impl Iterator<Item = CalldataToken<&'a str>> + 'a {
+    fn calldata_tokens(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = CalldataToken<&str>> {
         self.0.split(' ').map(|item| match item {
             "+" => CalldataToken::Operation(Operation::Addition),
             "-" => CalldataToken::Operation(Operation::Subtraction),
@@ -533,9 +586,11 @@ impl<T> CalldataToken<T> {
     const GAS_LIMIT_VARIABLE: &str = "$GAS_LIMIT";
     const COINBASE_VARIABLE: &str = "$COINBASE";
     const DIFFICULTY_VARIABLE: &str = "$DIFFICULTY";
+    const BLOCK_BASE_FEE_VARIABLE: &str = "$BASE_FEE";
     const BLOCK_HASH_VARIABLE_PREFIX: &str = "$BLOCK_HASH";
     const BLOCK_NUMBER_VARIABLE: &str = "$BLOCK_NUMBER";
     const BLOCK_TIMESTAMP_VARIABLE: &str = "$BLOCK_TIMESTAMP";
+    const TRANSACTION_GAS_PRICE: &str = "$TRANSACTION_GAS_PRICE";
     const VARIABLE_PREFIX: &str = "$VARIABLE:";
 
     fn into_item(self) -> Option<T> {
@@ -555,24 +610,21 @@ impl<T: AsRef<str>> CalldataToken<T> {
     /// This piece of code is taken from the matter-labs-tester repository which is licensed under
     /// MIT or Apache. The original source code can be found here:
     /// https://github.com/matter-labs/era-compiler-tester/blob/0ed598a27f6eceee7008deab3ff2311075a2ec69/compiler_tester/src/test/case/input/value.rs#L43-L146
-    async fn resolve<'a>(
+    async fn resolve(
         self,
-        deployed_contracts: &HashMap<ContractInstance, (Address, JsonAbi)>,
-        variables: impl Into<Option<&'a HashMap<String, U256>>> + Clone,
         resolver: &impl ResolverApi,
+        context: ResolutionContext<'_>,
     ) -> anyhow::Result<CalldataToken<U256>> {
         match self {
             Self::Item(item) => {
                 let item = item.as_ref();
                 let value = if let Some(instance) = item.strip_suffix(Self::ADDRESS_VARIABLE_SUFFIX)
                 {
-                    Ok(U256::from_be_slice(
+                    context
-                        deployed_contracts
+                        .deployed_contract_address(&ContractInstance::new(instance))
-                            .get(&ContractInstance::new(instance))
+                        .ok_or_else(|| anyhow::anyhow!("Instance `{}` not found", instance))
-                            .map(|(a, _)| *a)
+                        .map(AsRef::as_ref)
-                            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow::anyhow!("Instance `{}` not found", instance))?
+                        .map(U256::from_be_slice)
-                            .as_ref(),
-                    ))
                 } else if let Some(value) = item.strip_prefix(Self::NEGATIVE_VALUE_PREFIX) {
                     let value = U256::from_str_radix(value, 10).map_err(|error| {
                         anyhow::anyhow!("Invalid decimal literal after `-`: {}", error)
@@ -585,22 +637,36 @@ impl<T: AsRef<str>> CalldataToken<T> {
                         .ok_or_else(|| anyhow::anyhow!("`-0` is invalid literal"))?;
                     Ok(U256::MAX.checked_sub(value).expect("Always valid"))
                 } else if let Some(value) = item.strip_prefix(Self::HEX_LITERAL_PREFIX) {
-                    Ok(U256::from_str_radix(value, 16).map_err(|error| {
+                    U256::from_str_radix(value, 16)
-                        anyhow::anyhow!("Invalid hexadecimal literal: {}", error)
+                        .map_err(|error| anyhow::anyhow!("Invalid hexadecimal literal: {}", error))
-                    })?)
                 } else if item == Self::CHAIN_VARIABLE {
-                    let chain_id = resolver.chain_id().await?;
+                    resolver.chain_id().await.map(U256::from)
-                    Ok(U256::from(chain_id))
+                } else if item == Self::TRANSACTION_GAS_PRICE {
+                    context
+                        .transaction_hash()
+                        .context("No transaction hash provided to get the transaction gas price")
+                        .map(|tx_hash| resolver.transaction_gas_price(tx_hash))?
+                        .await
+                        .map(U256::from)
                 } else if item == Self::GAS_LIMIT_VARIABLE {
-                    let gas_limit = resolver.block_gas_limit(BlockNumberOrTag::Latest).await?;
+                    resolver
-                    Ok(U256::from(gas_limit))
+                        .block_gas_limit(context.resolve_block_number(BlockNumberOrTag::Latest))
+                        .await
+                        .map(U256::from)
                 } else if item == Self::COINBASE_VARIABLE {
-                    let coinbase = resolver.block_coinbase(BlockNumberOrTag::Latest).await?;
+                    resolver
-                    Ok(U256::from_be_slice(coinbase.as_ref()))
+                        .block_coinbase(context.resolve_block_number(BlockNumberOrTag::Latest))
+                        .await
+                        .map(|address| U256::from_be_slice(address.as_ref()))
                 } else if item == Self::DIFFICULTY_VARIABLE {
-                    let block_difficulty =
+                    resolver
-                        resolver.block_difficulty(BlockNumberOrTag::Latest).await?;
+                        .block_difficulty(context.resolve_block_number(BlockNumberOrTag::Latest))
-                    Ok(block_difficulty)
+                        .await
+                } else if item == Self::BLOCK_BASE_FEE_VARIABLE {
+                    resolver
+                        .block_base_fee(context.resolve_block_number(BlockNumberOrTag::Latest))
+                        .await
+                        .map(U256::from)
                 } else if item.starts_with(Self::BLOCK_HASH_VARIABLE_PREFIX) {
                     let offset: u64 = item
                         .split(':')
@@ -608,31 +674,34 @@ impl<T: AsRef<str>> CalldataToken<T> {
                         .and_then(|value| value.parse().ok())
                         .unwrap_or_default();
 
-                    let current_block_number = resolver.last_block_number().await?;
+                    let current_block_number = match context.tip_block_number() {
-                    let desired_block_number = current_block_number - offset;
+                        Some(block_number) => *block_number,
+                        None => resolver.last_block_number().await?,
+                    };
+                    let desired_block_number = current_block_number.saturating_sub(offset);
 
                     let block_hash = resolver.block_hash(desired_block_number.into()).await?;
 
                     Ok(U256::from_be_bytes(block_hash.0))
                 } else if item == Self::BLOCK_NUMBER_VARIABLE {
-                    let current_block_number = resolver.last_block_number().await?;
+                    let current_block_number = match context.tip_block_number() {
+                        Some(block_number) => *block_number,
+                        None => resolver.last_block_number().await?,
+                    };
                     Ok(U256::from(current_block_number))
                 } else if item == Self::BLOCK_TIMESTAMP_VARIABLE {
-                    let timestamp = resolver.block_timestamp(BlockNumberOrTag::Latest).await?;
+                    resolver
-                    Ok(U256::from(timestamp))
+                        .block_timestamp(context.resolve_block_number(BlockNumberOrTag::Latest))
+                        .await
+                        .map(U256::from)
                 } else if let Some(variable_name) = item.strip_prefix(Self::VARIABLE_PREFIX) {
-                    let Some(variables) = variables.into() else {
+                    context
-                        anyhow::bail!(
+                        .variable(variable_name)
-                            "Variable resolution required but no variables were passed in"
+                        .context("Variable lookup failed")
-                        );
+                        .copied()
-                    };
-                    let Some(variable) = variables.get(variable_name) else {
-                        anyhow::bail!("No variable found with the name {}", variable_name)
-                    };
-                    Ok(*variable)
                 } else {
-                    Ok(U256::from_str_radix(item, 10)
+                    U256::from_str_radix(item, 10)
-                        .map_err(|error| anyhow::anyhow!("Invalid decimal literal: {}", error))?)
+                        .map_err(|error| anyhow::anyhow!("Invalid decimal literal: {}", error))
                 };
                 value.map(CalldataToken::Item)
             }
@@ -671,50 +740,49 @@ impl<'de> Deserialize<'de> for EtherValue {
 mod tests {
 
     use super::*;
-    use alloy::json_abi::JsonAbi;
+    use alloy::{eips::BlockNumberOrTag, json_abi::JsonAbi};
-    use alloy_primitives::address;
+    use alloy_primitives::{BlockHash, BlockNumber, BlockTimestamp, ChainId, TxHash, address};
     use alloy_sol_types::SolValue;
     use std::collections::HashMap;
 
     struct MockResolver;
 
     impl ResolverApi for MockResolver {
-        async fn chain_id(&self) -> anyhow::Result<alloy_primitives::ChainId> {
+        async fn chain_id(&self) -> anyhow::Result<ChainId> {
             Ok(0x123)
         }
 
-        async fn block_gas_limit(&self, _: alloy::eips::BlockNumberOrTag) -> anyhow::Result<u128> {
+        async fn block_gas_limit(&self, _: BlockNumberOrTag) -> anyhow::Result<u128> {
             Ok(0x1234)
         }
 
-        async fn block_coinbase(
+        async fn block_coinbase(&self, _: BlockNumberOrTag) -> anyhow::Result<Address> {
-            &self,
-            _: alloy::eips::BlockNumberOrTag,
-        ) -> anyhow::Result<Address> {
             Ok(Address::ZERO)
         }
 
-        async fn block_difficulty(&self, _: alloy::eips::BlockNumberOrTag) -> anyhow::Result<U256> {
+        async fn block_difficulty(&self, _: BlockNumberOrTag) -> anyhow::Result<U256> {
             Ok(U256::from(0x12345u128))
         }
 
-        async fn block_hash(
+        async fn block_base_fee(&self, _: BlockNumberOrTag) -> anyhow::Result<u64> {
-            &self,
+            Ok(0x100)
-            _: alloy::eips::BlockNumberOrTag,
+        }
-        ) -> anyhow::Result<alloy_primitives::BlockHash> {
+
+        async fn block_hash(&self, _: BlockNumberOrTag) -> anyhow::Result<BlockHash> {
             Ok([0xEE; 32].into())
         }
 
-        async fn block_timestamp(
+        async fn block_timestamp(&self, _: BlockNumberOrTag) -> anyhow::Result<BlockTimestamp> {
-            &self,
-            _: alloy::eips::BlockNumberOrTag,
-        ) -> anyhow::Result<alloy_primitives::BlockTimestamp> {
             Ok(0x123456)
         }
 
-        async fn last_block_number(&self) -> anyhow::Result<alloy_primitives::BlockNumber> {
+        async fn last_block_number(&self) -> anyhow::Result<BlockNumber> {
             Ok(0x1234567)
         }
+
+        async fn transaction_gas_price(&self, _: &TxHash) -> anyhow::Result<u128> {
+            Ok(0x200)
+        }
     }
 
     #[tokio::test]
@@ -753,10 +821,9 @@ mod tests {
             (Address::ZERO, parsed_abi),
         );
 
-        let encoded = input
+        let resolver = MockResolver;
-            .encoded_input(&contracts, None, &MockResolver)
+        let context = ResolutionContext::new_from_parts(&contracts, None, None, None);
-            .await
+        let encoded = input.encoded_input(&resolver, context).await.unwrap();
-            .unwrap();
         assert!(encoded.0.starts_with(&selector));
 
         type T = (u64,);
@@ -798,10 +865,9 @@ mod tests {
             (Address::ZERO, parsed_abi),
         );
 
-        let encoded = input
+        let resolver = MockResolver;
-            .encoded_input(&contracts, None, &MockResolver)
+        let context = ResolutionContext::new_from_parts(&contracts, None, None, None);
-            .await
+        let encoded = input.encoded_input(&resolver, context).await.unwrap();
-            .unwrap();
         assert!(encoded.0.starts_with(&selector));
 
         type T = (alloy_primitives::Address,);
@@ -846,10 +912,9 @@ mod tests {
             (Address::ZERO, parsed_abi),
         );
 
-        let encoded = input
+        let resolver = MockResolver;
-            .encoded_input(&contracts, None, &MockResolver)
+        let context = ResolutionContext::new_from_parts(&contracts, None, None, None);
-            .await
+        let encoded = input.encoded_input(&resolver, context).await.unwrap();
-            .unwrap();
         assert!(encoded.0.starts_with(&selector));
 
         type T = (alloy_primitives::Address,);
@@ -865,9 +930,8 @@ mod tests {
         deployed_contracts: &HashMap<ContractInstance, (Address, JsonAbi)>,
         resolver: &impl ResolverApi,
     ) -> anyhow::Result<U256> {
-        CalldataItem::new(input)
+        let context = ResolutionContext::new_from_parts(deployed_contracts, None, None, None);
-            .resolve(deployed_contracts, None, resolver)
+        CalldataItem::new(input).resolve(resolver, context).await
-            .await
     }
 
     #[tokio::test]
@@ -945,6 +1009,26 @@ mod tests {
         )
     }
 
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn resolver_can_resolve_block_base_fee_variable() {
+        // Arrange
+        let input = "$BASE_FEE";
+
+        // Act
+        let resolved = resolve_calldata_item(input, &Default::default(), &MockResolver).await;
+
+        // Assert
+        let resolved = resolved.expect("Failed to resolve argument");
+        assert_eq!(
+            resolved,
+            MockResolver
+                .block_base_fee(Default::default())
+                .await
+                .map(U256::from)
+                .unwrap()
+        )
+    }
+
     #[tokio::test]
     async fn resolver_can_resolve_block_hash_variable() {
         // Arrange

crates/format/src/metadata.rs

@@ -1,15 +1,19 @@
 use std::{
-    collections::BTreeMap,
+    cmp::Ordering,
+    collections::{BTreeMap, HashSet},
     fmt::Display,
-    fs::{File, read_to_string},
+    fs::File,
     ops::Deref,
     path::{Path, PathBuf},
     str::FromStr,
 };
 
-use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use serde::{Deserialize, Deserializer, Serialize, Serializer};
 
-use revive_dt_common::{iterators::FilesWithExtensionIterator, macros::define_wrapper_type};
+use revive_common::EVMVersion;
+use revive_dt_common::{
+    cached_fs::read_to_string, iterators::FilesWithExtensionIterator, macros::define_wrapper_type,
+};
 
 use crate::{
     case::Case,
@@ -43,16 +47,47 @@ impl Deref for MetadataFile {
     }
 }
 
-#[derive(Debug, Default, Deserialize, Clone, Eq, PartialEq)]
+#[derive(Debug, Default, Serialize, Deserialize, Clone, Eq, PartialEq)]
 pub struct Metadata {
-    pub targets: Option<Vec<String>>,
+    /// A comment on the test case that's added for human-readability.
-    pub cases: Vec<Case>,
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
-    pub contracts: Option<BTreeMap<ContractInstance, ContractPathAndIdent>>,
+    pub comment: Option<String>,
-    // TODO: Convert into wrapper types for clarity.
+
-    pub libraries: Option<BTreeMap<PathBuf, BTreeMap<ContractIdent, ContractInstance>>>,
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
     pub ignore: Option<bool>,
-    pub modes: Option<Vec<Mode>>,
+
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub targets: Option<Vec<String>>,
+
+    pub cases: Vec<Case>,
+
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub contracts: Option<BTreeMap<ContractInstance, ContractPathAndIdent>>,
+
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub libraries: Option<BTreeMap<PathBuf, BTreeMap<ContractIdent, ContractInstance>>>,
+
+    #[serde(
+        default,
+        skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none",
+        deserialize_with = "deserialize_compilation_modes",
+        serialize_with = "serialize_compilation_modes"
+    )]
+    pub modes: Option<HashSet<Mode>>,
+
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
     pub file_path: Option<PathBuf>,
+
+    /// This field specifies an EVM version requirement that the test case has where the test might
+    /// be run of the evm version of the nodes match the evm version specified here.
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub required_evm_version: Option<EvmVersionRequirement>,
+
+    /// A set of compilation directives that will be passed to the compiler whenever the contracts for
+    /// the test are being compiled. Note that this differs from the [`Mode`]s in that a [`Mode`] is
+    /// just a filter for when a test can run whereas this is an instruction to the compiler.
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub compiler_directives: Option<CompilationDirectives>,
 }
 
 impl Metadata {
@@ -60,7 +95,7 @@ impl Metadata {
     pub fn solc_modes(&self) -> Vec<SolcMode> {
         self.modes
             .to_owned()
-            .unwrap_or_else(|| vec![Mode::Solidity(Default::default())])
+            .unwrap_or_else(|| SolcMode::ALL.map(Mode::Solidity).iter().cloned().collect())
             .iter()
             .filter_map(|mode| match mode {
                 Mode::Solidity(solc_mode) => Some(solc_mode),
@@ -231,12 +266,45 @@ impl Metadata {
             Ok(Box::new(std::iter::once(metadata_file_path.clone())))
         } else {
             Ok(Box::new(
-                FilesWithExtensionIterator::new(self.directory()?).with_allowed_extension("sol"),
+                FilesWithExtensionIterator::new(self.directory()?)
+                    .with_allowed_extension("sol")
+                    .with_use_cached_fs(true),
             ))
         }
     }
 }
 
+pub fn deserialize_compilation_modes<'de, D>(
+    deserializer: D,
+) -> Result<Option<HashSet<Mode>>, D::Error>
+where
+    D: Deserializer<'de>,
+{
+    let maybe_strings = Option::<Vec<String>>::deserialize(deserializer)?;
+    Ok(maybe_strings.map(|strings| {
+        strings
+            .into_iter()
+            .flat_map(Mode::parse_from_string)
+            .collect()
+    }))
+}
+
+pub fn serialize_compilation_modes<S>(
+    value: &Option<HashSet<Mode>>,
+    serializer: S,
+) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error>
+where
+    S: Serializer,
+{
+    match value {
+        None => serializer.serialize_none(),
+        Some(modes) => {
+            let strings: Vec<String> = modes.iter().cloned().map(Into::<String>::into).collect();
+            serializer.serialize_some(&strings)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 define_wrapper_type!(
     /// Represents a contract instance found a metadata file.
     ///
@@ -343,6 +411,156 @@ impl From<ContractPathAndIdent> for String {
     }
 }
 
+/// An EVM version requirement that the test case has. This gets serialized and
+/// deserialized from and into [`String`].
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Hash, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(try_from = "String", into = "String")]
+pub struct EvmVersionRequirement {
+    ordering: Ordering,
+    or_equal: bool,
+    evm_version: EVMVersion,
+}
+
+impl EvmVersionRequirement {
+    pub fn new_greater_than_or_equals(version: EVMVersion) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            ordering: Ordering::Greater,
+            or_equal: true,
+            evm_version: version,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn new_greater_than(version: EVMVersion) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            ordering: Ordering::Greater,
+            or_equal: false,
+            evm_version: version,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn new_equals(version: EVMVersion) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            ordering: Ordering::Equal,
+            or_equal: false,
+            evm_version: version,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn new_less_than(version: EVMVersion) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            ordering: Ordering::Less,
+            or_equal: false,
+            evm_version: version,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn new_less_than_or_equals(version: EVMVersion) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            ordering: Ordering::Less,
+            or_equal: true,
+            evm_version: version,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn matches(&self, other: &EVMVersion) -> bool {
+        let ordering = other.cmp(&self.evm_version);
+        ordering == self.ordering || (self.or_equal && matches!(ordering, Ordering::Equal))
+    }
+}
+
+impl Display for EvmVersionRequirement {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        let Self {
+            ordering,
+            or_equal,
+            evm_version,
+        } = self;
+        match ordering {
+            Ordering::Less => write!(f, "<")?,
+            Ordering::Equal => write!(f, "=")?,
+            Ordering::Greater => write!(f, ">")?,
+        }
+        if *or_equal && !matches!(ordering, Ordering::Equal) {
+            write!(f, "=")?;
+        }
+        write!(f, "{evm_version}")
+    }
+}
+
+impl FromStr for EvmVersionRequirement {
+    type Err = anyhow::Error;
+
+    fn from_str(s: &str) -> Result<Self, Self::Err> {
+        match s.as_bytes() {
+            [b'>', b'=', remaining @ ..] => Ok(Self {
+                ordering: Ordering::Greater,
+                or_equal: true,
+                evm_version: str::from_utf8(remaining)?.try_into()?,
+            }),
+            [b'>', remaining @ ..] => Ok(Self {
+                ordering: Ordering::Greater,
+                or_equal: false,
+                evm_version: str::from_utf8(remaining)?.try_into()?,
+            }),
+            [b'<', b'=', remaining @ ..] => Ok(Self {
+                ordering: Ordering::Less,
+                or_equal: true,
+                evm_version: str::from_utf8(remaining)?.try_into()?,
+            }),
+            [b'<', remaining @ ..] => Ok(Self {
+                ordering: Ordering::Less,
+                or_equal: false,
+                evm_version: str::from_utf8(remaining)?.try_into()?,
+            }),
+            [b'=', remaining @ ..] => Ok(Self {
+                ordering: Ordering::Equal,
+                or_equal: false,
+                evm_version: str::from_utf8(remaining)?.try_into()?,
+            }),
+            _ => anyhow::bail!("Invalid EVM version requirement {s}"),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl TryFrom<String> for EvmVersionRequirement {
+    type Error = anyhow::Error;
+
+    fn try_from(value: String) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        value.parse()
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<EvmVersionRequirement> for String {
+    fn from(value: EvmVersionRequirement) -> Self {
+        value.to_string()
+    }
+}
+
+/// A set of compilation directives that will be passed to the compiler whenever the contracts for
+/// the test are being compiled. Note that this differs from the [`Mode`]s in that a [`Mode`] is
+/// just a filter for when a test can run whereas this is an instruction to the compiler.
+/// Defines how the compiler should handle revert strings.
+#[derive(
+    Clone, Debug, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Hash, Default, Serialize, Deserialize,
+)]
+pub struct CompilationDirectives {
+    /// Defines how the revert strings should be handled.
+    pub revert_string_handling: Option<RevertString>,
+}
+
+/// Defines how the compiler should handle revert strings.
+#[derive(
+    Clone, Debug, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Hash, Default, Serialize, Deserialize,
+)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub enum RevertString {
+    #[default]
+    Default,
+    Debug,
+    Strip,
+    VerboseDebug,
+}
+
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod test {
     use super::*;

crates/format/src/mode.rs

@@ -1,106 +1,393 @@
+use std::{fmt::Display, str::FromStr};
+
 use revive_dt_common::types::VersionOrRequirement;
 use semver::Version;
-use serde::de::Deserializer;
+use serde::Serialize;
-use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 
-/// Specifies the compilation mode of the test artifact.
+/// Specifies a compilation mode for the test artifact that it requires. This is used as a filter
-#[derive(Hash, Debug, Clone, Eq, PartialEq)]
+/// when used in the [`Metadata`] and is used as a directive when used in the core crate.
+///
+/// [`Metadata`]: crate::metadata::Metadata
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub enum Mode {
+    /// A compilation mode that's been parsed from a String and into its contents.
     Solidity(SolcMode),
+    /// An unknown compilation mode.
     Unknown(String),
 }
 
-/// Specify Solidity specific compiler options.
+impl From<Mode> for String {
-#[derive(Hash, Debug, Default, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+    fn from(value: Mode) -> Self {
+        value.to_string()
+    }
+}
+
+impl Display for Mode {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        match self {
+            Mode::Solidity(mode) => mode.fmt(f),
+            Mode::Unknown(string) => string.fmt(f),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Mode {
+    pub fn parse_from_string(str: impl AsRef<str>) -> Vec<Self> {
+        let mut chars = str.as_ref().chars().peekable();
+
+        let compile_via_ir = match chars.next() {
+            Some('Y') => true,
+            Some('E') => false,
+            _ => {
+                tracing::warn!("Encountered an unknown mode {}", str.as_ref());
+                return vec![Self::Unknown(str.as_ref().to_string())];
+            }
+        };
+
+        let optimize_flag = match chars.peek() {
+            Some('+') => {
+                let _ = chars.next();
+                Some(true)
+            }
+            Some('-') => {
+                let _ = chars.next();
+                Some(false)
+            }
+            _ => None,
+        };
+
+        let mut chars = chars.skip_while(|char| *char == ' ').peekable();
+
+        let version_requirement = match chars.peek() {
+            Some('=' | '>' | '<' | '~' | '^' | '*' | '0'..='9') => {
+                let version_requirement = chars.take_while(|char| *char != ' ').collect::<String>();
+                let Ok(version_requirement) = VersionOrRequirement::from_str(&version_requirement)
+                else {
+                    return vec![Self::Unknown(str.as_ref().to_string())];
+                };
+                Some(version_requirement)
+            }
+            _ => None,
+        };
+
+        match optimize_flag {
+            Some(flag) => {
+                vec![Self::Solidity(SolcMode {
+                    via_ir: compile_via_ir,
+                    optimize: flag,
+                    compiler_version_requirement: version_requirement,
+                })]
+            }
+            None => {
+                vec![
+                    Self::Solidity(SolcMode {
+                        via_ir: compile_via_ir,
+                        optimize: true,
+                        compiler_version_requirement: version_requirement.clone(),
+                    }),
+                    Self::Solidity(SolcMode {
+                        via_ir: compile_via_ir,
+                        optimize: false,
+                        compiler_version_requirement: version_requirement,
+                    }),
+                ]
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn matches(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
+        match (self, other) {
+            (
+                Mode::Solidity(SolcMode {
+                    via_ir: self_via_ir,
+                    optimize: self_optimize,
+                    compiler_version_requirement: self_compiler_version_requirement,
+                }),
+                Mode::Solidity(SolcMode {
+                    via_ir: other_via_ir,
+                    optimize: other_optimize,
+                    compiler_version_requirement: other_compiler_version_requirement,
+                }),
+            ) => {
+                let mut matches = true;
+                matches &= self_via_ir == other_via_ir;
+                matches &= self_optimize == other_optimize;
+                match (
+                    self_compiler_version_requirement,
+                    other_compiler_version_requirement,
+                ) {
+                    (
+                        Some(VersionOrRequirement::Version(self_version)),
+                        Some(VersionOrRequirement::Version(other_version)),
+                    ) => {
+                        matches &= self_version == other_version;
+                    }
+                    (
+                        Some(VersionOrRequirement::Version(version)),
+                        Some(VersionOrRequirement::Requirement(requirement)),
+                    )
+                    | (
+                        Some(VersionOrRequirement::Requirement(requirement)),
+                        Some(VersionOrRequirement::Version(version)),
+                    ) => matches &= requirement.matches(version),
+                    (
+                        Some(VersionOrRequirement::Requirement(..)),
+                        Some(VersionOrRequirement::Requirement(..)),
+                    ) => matches = false,
+                    (Some(_), None) | (None, Some(_)) | (None, None) => {}
+                }
+                matches
+            }
+            (Mode::Solidity { .. }, Mode::Unknown(_))
+            | (Mode::Unknown(_), Mode::Solidity { .. })
+            | (Mode::Unknown(_), Mode::Unknown(_)) => false,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn as_solc_mode(&self) -> Option<&SolcMode> {
+        if let Self::Solidity(mode) = self {
+            Some(mode)
+        } else {
+            None
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Serialize)]
+#[serde(into = "String")]
 pub struct SolcMode {
-    pub solc_version: Option<semver::VersionReq>,
+    pub via_ir: bool,
-    solc_optimize: Option<bool>,
+    pub optimize: bool,
-    pub llvm_optimizer_settings: Vec<String>,
+    pub compiler_version_requirement: Option<VersionOrRequirement>,
 }
 
 impl SolcMode {
-    /// Try to parse a mode string into a solc mode.
+    pub const ALL: [Self; 4] = [
-    /// Returns `None` if the string wasn't a solc YUL mode string.
+        SolcMode {
-    ///
+            via_ir: false,
-    /// The mode string is expected to start with the `Y` ID (YUL ID),
+            optimize: false,
-    /// optionally followed by `+` or `-` for the solc optimizer settings.
+            compiler_version_requirement: None,
-    ///
+        },
-    /// Options can be separated by a whitespace contain the following
+        SolcMode {
-    /// - A solc `SemVer version requirement` string
+            via_ir: false,
-    /// - One or more `-OX` where X is a supposed to be an LLVM opt mode
+            optimize: true,
-    pub fn parse_from_mode_string(mode_string: &str) -> Option<Self> {
+            compiler_version_requirement: None,
-        let mut result = Self::default();
+        },
+        SolcMode {
+            via_ir: true,
+            optimize: false,
+            compiler_version_requirement: None,
+        },
+        SolcMode {
+            via_ir: true,
+            optimize: true,
+            compiler_version_requirement: None,
+        },
+    ];
 
-        let mut parts = mode_string.trim().split(" ");
+    pub fn matches(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
-
+        Mode::Solidity(self.clone()).matches(&Mode::Solidity(other.clone()))
-        match parts.next()? {
-            "Y" => {}
-            "Y+" => result.solc_optimize = Some(true),
-            "Y-" => result.solc_optimize = Some(false),
-            _ => return None,
-        }
-
-        for part in parts {
-            if let Ok(solc_version) = semver::VersionReq::parse(part) {
-                result.solc_version = Some(solc_version);
-                continue;
-            }
-            if let Some(level) = part.strip_prefix("-O") {
-                result.llvm_optimizer_settings.push(level.to_string());
-                continue;
-            }
-            panic!("the YUL mode string {mode_string} failed to parse, invalid part: {part}")
-        }
-
-        Some(result)
-    }
-
-    /// Returns whether to enable the solc optimizer.
-    pub fn solc_optimize(&self) -> bool {
-        self.solc_optimize.unwrap_or(true)
-    }
-
-    /// Calculate the latest matching solc patch version. Returns:
-    /// - `latest_supported` if no version request was specified.
-    /// - A matching version with the same minor version as `latest_supported`, if any.
-    /// - `None` if no minor version of the `latest_supported` version matches.
-    pub fn last_patch_version(&self, latest_supported: &Version) -> Option<Version> {
-        let Some(version_req) = self.solc_version.as_ref() else {
-            return Some(latest_supported.to_owned());
-        };
-
-        // lgtm
-        for patch in (0..latest_supported.patch + 1).rev() {
-            let version = Version::new(0, latest_supported.minor, patch);
-            if version_req.matches(&version) {
-                return Some(version);
-            }
-        }
-
-        None
     }
 
     /// Resolves the [`SolcMode`]'s solidity version requirement into a [`VersionOrRequirement`] if
     /// the requirement is present on the object. Otherwise, the passed default version is used.
     pub fn compiler_version_to_use(&self, default: Version) -> VersionOrRequirement {
-        match self.solc_version {
+        match self.compiler_version_requirement {
-            Some(ref requirement) => requirement.clone().into(),
+            Some(ref requirement) => requirement.clone(),
             None => default.into(),
         }
     }
 }
 
-impl<'de> Deserialize<'de> for Mode {
+impl Display for SolcMode {
-    fn deserialize<D>(deserializer: D) -> Result<Self, D::Error>
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
-    where
+        let Self {
-        D: Deserializer<'de>,
+            via_ir,
-    {
+            optimize,
-        let mode_string = String::deserialize(deserializer)?;
+            compiler_version_requirement,
+        } = self;
 
-        if let Some(solc_mode) = SolcMode::parse_from_mode_string(&mode_string) {
+        if *via_ir {
-            return Ok(Self::Solidity(solc_mode));
+            write!(f, "Y")?;
+        } else {
+            write!(f, "E")?;
         }
 
-        Ok(Self::Unknown(mode_string))
+        if *optimize {
+            write!(f, "+")?;
+        } else {
+            write!(f, "-")?;
+        }
+
+        if let Some(req) = compiler_version_requirement {
+            write!(f, " {req}")?;
+        }
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<SolcMode> for String {
+    fn from(value: SolcMode) -> Self {
+        value.to_string()
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod test {
+    use semver::Version;
+
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn mode_can_be_parsed_as_expected() {
+        // Arrange
+        let fixtures = [
+            (
+                "Y",
+                vec![
+                    Mode::Solidity(SolcMode {
+                        via_ir: true,
+                        optimize: true,
+                        compiler_version_requirement: None,
+                    }),
+                    Mode::Solidity(SolcMode {
+                        via_ir: true,
+                        optimize: false,
+                        compiler_version_requirement: None,
+                    }),
+                ],
+            ),
+            (
+                "Y+",
+                vec![Mode::Solidity(SolcMode {
+                    via_ir: true,
+                    optimize: true,
+                    compiler_version_requirement: None,
+                })],
+            ),
+            (
+                "Y-",
+                vec![Mode::Solidity(SolcMode {
+                    via_ir: true,
+                    optimize: false,
+                    compiler_version_requirement: None,
+                })],
+            ),
+            (
+                "E",
+                vec![
+                    Mode::Solidity(SolcMode {
+                        via_ir: false,
+                        optimize: true,
+                        compiler_version_requirement: None,
+                    }),
+                    Mode::Solidity(SolcMode {
+                        via_ir: false,
+                        optimize: false,
+                        compiler_version_requirement: None,
+                    }),
+                ],
+            ),
+            (
+                "E+",
+                vec![Mode::Solidity(SolcMode {
+                    via_ir: false,
+                    optimize: true,
+                    compiler_version_requirement: None,
+                })],
+            ),
+            (
+                "E-",
+                vec![Mode::Solidity(SolcMode {
+                    via_ir: false,
+                    optimize: false,
+                    compiler_version_requirement: None,
+                })],
+            ),
+            (
+                "Y >=0.8.3",
+                vec![
+                    Mode::Solidity(SolcMode {
+                        via_ir: true,
+                        optimize: true,
+                        compiler_version_requirement: Some(VersionOrRequirement::Requirement(
+                            ">=0.8.3".parse().unwrap(),
+                        )),
+                    }),
+                    Mode::Solidity(SolcMode {
+                        via_ir: true,
+                        optimize: false,
+                        compiler_version_requirement: Some(VersionOrRequirement::Requirement(
+                            ">=0.8.3".parse().unwrap(),
+                        )),
+                    }),
+                ],
+            ),
+            (
+                "Y 0.8.3",
+                vec![
+                    Mode::Solidity(SolcMode {
+                        via_ir: true,
+                        optimize: true,
+                        compiler_version_requirement: Some(VersionOrRequirement::Version(
+                            Version {
+                                major: 0,
+                                minor: 8,
+                                patch: 3,
+                                pre: Default::default(),
+                                build: Default::default(),
+                            },
+                        )),
+                    }),
+                    Mode::Solidity(SolcMode {
+                        via_ir: true,
+                        optimize: false,
+                        compiler_version_requirement: Some(VersionOrRequirement::Version(
+                            Version {
+                                major: 0,
+                                minor: 8,
+                                patch: 3,
+                                pre: Default::default(),
+                                build: Default::default(),
+                            },
+                        )),
+                    }),
+                ],
+            ),
+        ];
+
+        for (string, expectation) in fixtures {
+            // Act
+            let actual = Mode::parse_from_string(string);
+
+            // Assert
+            assert_eq!(
+                actual, expectation,
+                "Parsed {string} into {actual:?} but expected {expectation:?}"
+            )
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    #[allow(clippy::uninlined_format_args)]
+    fn mode_matches_as_expected() {
+        // Arrange
+        let fixtures = [("Y+", "Y+", true), ("Y+ >=0.8.3", "Y+", true)];
+
+        for (self_mode, other_mode, expected_result) in fixtures {
+            let self_mode = Mode::parse_from_string(self_mode).pop().unwrap();
+            let other_mode = Mode::parse_from_string(other_mode).pop().unwrap();
+
+            // Act
+            let actual = self_mode.matches(&other_mode);
+
+            // Assert
+            assert_eq!(
+                actual, expected_result,
+                "Match of {} and {} failed. Expected {} but got {}",
+                self_mode, other_mode, expected_result, actual
+            );
+        }
     }
 }

crates/format/src/traits.rs

@@ -1,13 +1,22 @@
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+
 use alloy::eips::BlockNumberOrTag;
+use alloy::json_abi::JsonAbi;
 use alloy::primitives::{Address, BlockHash, BlockNumber, BlockTimestamp, ChainId, U256};
+use alloy_primitives::TxHash;
 use anyhow::Result;
 
+use crate::metadata::ContractInstance;
+
 /// A trait of the interface are required to implement to be used by the resolution logic that this
 /// crate implements to go from string calldata and into the bytes calldata.
 pub trait ResolverApi {
     /// Returns the ID of the chain that the node is on.
     fn chain_id(&self) -> impl Future<Output = Result<ChainId>>;
 
+    /// Returns the gas price for the specified transaction.
+    fn transaction_gas_price(&self, tx_hash: &TxHash) -> impl Future<Output = Result<u128>>;
+
     // TODO: This is currently a u128 due to Kitchensink needing more than 64 bits for its gas limit
     // when we implement the changes to the gas we need to adjust this to be a u64.
     /// Returns the gas limit of the specified block.
@@ -19,6 +28,9 @@ pub trait ResolverApi {
     /// Returns the difficulty of the specified block.
     fn block_difficulty(&self, number: BlockNumberOrTag) -> impl Future<Output = Result<U256>>;
 
+    /// Returns the base fee of the specified block.
+    fn block_base_fee(&self, number: BlockNumberOrTag) -> impl Future<Output = Result<u64>>;
+
     /// Returns the hash of the specified block.
     fn block_hash(&self, number: BlockNumberOrTag) -> impl Future<Output = Result<BlockHash>>;
 
@@ -31,3 +43,108 @@ pub trait ResolverApi {
     /// Returns the number of the last block.
     fn last_block_number(&self) -> impl Future<Output = Result<BlockNumber>>;
 }
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default)]
+/// Contextual information required by the code that's performing the resolution.
+pub struct ResolutionContext<'a> {
+    /// When provided the contracts provided here will be used for resolutions.
+    deployed_contracts: Option<&'a HashMap<ContractInstance, (Address, JsonAbi)>>,
+
+    /// When provided the variables in here will be used for performing resolutions.
+    variables: Option<&'a HashMap<String, U256>>,
+
+    /// When provided this block number will be treated as the tip of the chain.
+    block_number: Option<&'a BlockNumber>,
+
+    /// When provided the resolver will use this transaction hash for all of its resolutions.
+    transaction_hash: Option<&'a TxHash>,
+}
+
+impl<'a> ResolutionContext<'a> {
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        Default::default()
+    }
+
+    pub fn new_from_parts(
+        deployed_contracts: impl Into<Option<&'a HashMap<ContractInstance, (Address, JsonAbi)>>>,
+        variables: impl Into<Option<&'a HashMap<String, U256>>>,
+        block_number: impl Into<Option<&'a BlockNumber>>,
+        transaction_hash: impl Into<Option<&'a TxHash>>,
+    ) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            deployed_contracts: deployed_contracts.into(),
+            variables: variables.into(),
+            block_number: block_number.into(),
+            transaction_hash: transaction_hash.into(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn with_deployed_contracts(
+        mut self,
+        deployed_contracts: impl Into<Option<&'a HashMap<ContractInstance, (Address, JsonAbi)>>>,
+    ) -> Self {
+        self.deployed_contracts = deployed_contracts.into();
+        self
+    }
+
+    pub fn with_variables(
+        mut self,
+        variables: impl Into<Option<&'a HashMap<String, U256>>>,
+    ) -> Self {
+        self.variables = variables.into();
+        self
+    }
+
+    pub fn with_block_number(mut self, block_number: impl Into<Option<&'a BlockNumber>>) -> Self {
+        self.block_number = block_number.into();
+        self
+    }
+
+    pub fn with_transaction_hash(
+        mut self,
+        transaction_hash: impl Into<Option<&'a TxHash>>,
+    ) -> Self {
+        self.transaction_hash = transaction_hash.into();
+        self
+    }
+
+    pub fn resolve_block_number(&self, number: BlockNumberOrTag) -> BlockNumberOrTag {
+        match self.block_number {
+            Some(block_number) => match number {
+                BlockNumberOrTag::Latest => BlockNumberOrTag::Number(*block_number),
+                n @ (BlockNumberOrTag::Finalized
+                | BlockNumberOrTag::Safe
+                | BlockNumberOrTag::Earliest
+                | BlockNumberOrTag::Pending
+                | BlockNumberOrTag::Number(_)) => n,
+            },
+            None => number,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn deployed_contract(&self, instance: &ContractInstance) -> Option<&(Address, JsonAbi)> {
+        self.deployed_contracts
+            .and_then(|deployed_contracts| deployed_contracts.get(instance))
+    }
+
+    pub fn deployed_contract_address(&self, instance: &ContractInstance) -> Option<&Address> {
+        self.deployed_contract(instance).map(|(a, _)| a)
+    }
+
+    pub fn deployed_contract_abi(&self, instance: &ContractInstance) -> Option<&JsonAbi> {
+        self.deployed_contract(instance).map(|(_, a)| a)
+    }
+
+    pub fn variable(&self, name: impl AsRef<str>) -> Option<&U256> {
+        self.variables
+            .and_then(|variables| variables.get(name.as_ref()))
+    }
+
+    pub fn tip_block_number(&self) -> Option<&'a BlockNumber> {
+        self.block_number
+    }
+
+    pub fn transaction_hash(&self) -> Option<&'a TxHash> {
+        self.transaction_hash
+    }
+}

crates/node-interaction/src/lib.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 //! This crate implements all node interactions.
 
+use alloy::primitives::{Address, StorageKey, U256};
 use alloy::rpc::types::trace::geth::{DiffMode, GethDebugTracingOptions, GethTrace};
-use alloy::rpc::types::{TransactionReceipt, TransactionRequest};
+use alloy::rpc::types::{EIP1186AccountProofResponse, TransactionReceipt, TransactionRequest};
 use anyhow::Result;
 
 /// An interface for all interactions with Ethereum compatible nodes.
@@ -21,4 +22,14 @@ pub trait EthereumNode {
 
     /// Returns the state diff of the transaction hash in the [TransactionReceipt].
     fn state_diff(&self, receipt: &TransactionReceipt) -> impl Future<Output = Result<DiffMode>>;
+
+    /// Returns the balance of the provided [`Address`] back.
+    fn balance_of(&self, address: Address) -> impl Future<Output = Result<U256>>;
+
+    /// Returns the latest storage proof of the provided [`Address`]
+    fn latest_state_proof(
+        &self,
+        address: Address,
+        keys: Vec<StorageKey>,
+    ) -> impl Future<Output = Result<EIP1186AccountProofResponse>>;
 }

crates/node/Cargo.toml

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ alloy = { workspace = true }
 tracing = { workspace = true }
 tokio = { workspace = true }
 
+revive-common = { workspace = true }
 revive-dt-common = { workspace = true }
 revive-dt-config = { workspace = true }
 revive-dt-format = { workspace = true }

crates/node/src/geth.rs

@@ -3,9 +3,13 @@
 use std::{
     fs::{File, OpenOptions, create_dir_all, remove_dir_all},
     io::{BufRead, BufReader, Read, Write},
+    ops::ControlFlow,
     path::PathBuf,
     process::{Child, Command, Stdio},
-    sync::atomic::{AtomicU32, Ordering},
+    sync::{
+        Arc,
+        atomic::{AtomicU32, Ordering},
+    },
     time::{Duration, Instant},
 };
 
@@ -13,23 +17,28 @@ use alloy::{
     eips::BlockNumberOrTag,
     genesis::{Genesis, GenesisAccount},
     network::{Ethereum, EthereumWallet, NetworkWallet},
-    primitives::{Address, BlockHash, BlockNumber, BlockTimestamp, FixedBytes, U256},
+    primitives::{
+        Address, BlockHash, BlockNumber, BlockTimestamp, FixedBytes, StorageKey, TxHash, U256,
+    },
     providers::{
         Provider, ProviderBuilder,
         ext::DebugApi,
         fillers::{CachedNonceManager, ChainIdFiller, FillProvider, NonceFiller, TxFiller},
     },
     rpc::types::{
-        TransactionReceipt, TransactionRequest,
+        EIP1186AccountProofResponse, TransactionReceipt, TransactionRequest,
         trace::geth::{DiffMode, GethDebugTracingOptions, PreStateConfig, PreStateFrame},
     },
     signers::local::PrivateKeySigner,
 };
-use revive_dt_common::fs::clear_directory;
+use anyhow::Context;
+use revive_common::EVMVersion;
+use tracing::Instrument;
+
+use revive_dt_common::{fs::clear_directory, futures::poll};
 use revive_dt_config::Arguments;
 use revive_dt_format::traits::ResolverApi;
 use revive_dt_node_interaction::EthereumNode;
-use tracing::Level;
 
 use crate::{Node, common::FallbackGasFiller, constants::INITIAL_BALANCE};
 
@@ -39,7 +48,7 @@ static NODE_COUNT: AtomicU32 = AtomicU32::new(0);
 ///
 /// Implements helpers to initialize, spawn and wait the node.
 ///
-/// Assumes dev mode and IPC only (`P2P`, `http`` etc. are kept disabled).
+/// Assumes dev mode and IPC only (`P2P`, `http` etc. are kept disabled).
 ///
 /// Prunes the child process and the base directory on drop.
 #[derive(Debug)]
@@ -77,9 +86,13 @@ impl GethNode {
     const GETH_STDERR_LOG_FILE_NAME: &str = "node_stderr.log";
 
     const TRANSACTION_INDEXING_ERROR: &str = "transaction indexing is in progress";
+    const TRANSACTION_TRACING_ERROR: &str = "historical state not available in path scheme yet";
+
+    const RECEIPT_POLLING_DURATION: Duration = Duration::from_secs(5 * 60);
+    const TRACE_POLLING_DURATION: Duration = Duration::from_secs(60);
 
     /// Create the node directory and call `geth init` to configure the genesis.
-    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(geth_node_id = self.id))]
+    #[tracing::instrument(level = "info", skip_all, fields(geth_node_id = self.id))]
     fn init(&mut self, genesis: String) -> anyhow::Result<&mut Self> {
         let _ = clear_directory(&self.base_directory);
         let _ = clear_directory(&self.logs_directory);
@@ -102,6 +115,8 @@ impl GethNode {
         serde_json::to_writer(File::create(&genesis_path)?, &genesis)?;
 
         let mut child = Command::new(&self.geth)
+            .arg("--state.scheme")
+            .arg("hash")
             .arg("init")
             .arg("--datadir")
             .arg(&self.data_directory)
@@ -127,7 +142,7 @@ impl GethNode {
     /// Spawn the go-ethereum node child process.
     ///
     /// [Instance::init] must be called prior.
-    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(geth_node_id = self.id))]
+    #[tracing::instrument(level = "info", skip_all, fields(geth_node_id = self.id))]
     fn spawn_process(&mut self) -> anyhow::Result<&mut Self> {
         // This is the `OpenOptions` that we wish to use for all of the log files that we will be
         // opening in this method. We need to construct it in this way to:
@@ -159,6 +174,12 @@ impl GethNode {
             .arg("0")
             .arg("--cache.blocklogs")
             .arg("512")
+            .arg("--state.scheme")
+            .arg("hash")
+            .arg("--syncmode")
+            .arg("full")
+            .arg("--gcmode")
+            .arg("archive")
             .stderr(stderr_logs_file.try_clone()?)
             .stdout(stdout_logs_file.try_clone()?)
             .spawn()?
@@ -179,7 +200,7 @@ impl GethNode {
     /// Wait for the g-ethereum node child process getting ready.
     ///
     /// [Instance::spawn_process] must be called priorly.
-    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(geth_node_id = self.id))]
+    #[tracing::instrument(level = "info", skip_all, fields(geth_node_id = self.id))]
     fn wait_ready(&mut self) -> anyhow::Result<&mut Self> {
         let start_time = Instant::now();
 
@@ -207,12 +228,12 @@ impl GethNode {
         }
     }
 
-    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(geth_node_id = self.id), level = Level::TRACE)]
+    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(geth_node_id = self.id), level = "trace")]
     fn geth_stdout_log_file_path(&self) -> PathBuf {
         self.logs_directory.join(Self::GETH_STDOUT_LOG_FILE_NAME)
     }
 
-    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(geth_node_id = self.id), level = Level::TRACE)]
+    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(geth_node_id = self.id), level = "trace")]
     fn geth_stderr_log_file_path(&self) -> PathBuf {
         self.logs_directory.join(Self::GETH_STDERR_LOG_FILE_NAME)
     }
@@ -236,106 +257,113 @@ impl GethNode {
         Box::pin(async move {
             ProviderBuilder::new()
                 .disable_recommended_fillers()
-                .filler(FallbackGasFiller::new(500_000_000, 500_000_000, 1))
+                .filler(FallbackGasFiller::new(
+                    25_000_000,
+                    100_000_000_000,
+                    1_000_000_000,
+                ))
                 .filler(ChainIdFiller::default())
                 .filler(NonceFiller::new(nonce_manager))
                 .wallet(wallet)
                 .connect(&connection_string)
                 .await
                 .map_err(Into::into)
+                .inspect_err(|err| tracing::error!(%err, "Failed to create the alloy provider"))
         })
     }
 }
 
 impl EthereumNode for GethNode {
-    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(geth_node_id = self.id))]
+    #[tracing::instrument(level = "info", skip_all, fields(geth_node_id = self.id), err)]
     async fn execute_transaction(
         &self,
         transaction: TransactionRequest,
     ) -> anyhow::Result<alloy::rpc::types::TransactionReceipt> {
-        let outer_span = tracing::debug_span!("Submitting transaction", ?transaction);
+        let span = tracing::debug_span!("Submitting transaction", ?transaction);
-        let _outer_guard = outer_span.enter();
-
-        let provider = self.provider().await?;
-
-        let pending_transaction = provider.send_transaction(transaction).await?;
-        let transaction_hash = pending_transaction.tx_hash();
-
-        let span = tracing::info_span!("Awaiting transaction receipt", ?transaction_hash);
         let _guard = span.enter();
 
-        // The following is a fix for the "transaction indexing is in progress" error that we
+        let provider = self.provider().await.map(Arc::new)?;
-        // used to get. You can find more information on this in the following GH issue in geth
+        let transaction_hash = *provider.send_transaction(transaction).await?.tx_hash();
+
+        // The following is a fix for the "transaction indexing is in progress" error that we used
+        // to get. You can find more information on this in the following GH issue in geth
         // https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/issues/28877. To summarize what's going on,
         // before we can get the receipt of the transaction it needs to have been indexed by the
-        // node's indexer. Just because the transaction has been confirmed it doesn't mean that
+        // node's indexer. Just because the transaction has been confirmed it doesn't mean that it
-        // it has been indexed. When we call alloy's `get_receipt` it checks if the transaction
+        // has been indexed. When we call alloy's `get_receipt` it checks if the transaction was
-        // was confirmed. If it has been, then it will call `eth_getTransactionReceipt` method
+        // confirmed. If it has been, then it will call `eth_getTransactionReceipt` method which
-        // which _might_ return the above error if the tx has not yet been indexed yet. So, we
+        // _might_ return the above error if the tx has not yet been indexed yet. So, we need to
-        // need to implement a retry mechanism for the receipt to keep retrying to get it until
+        // implement a retry mechanism for the receipt to keep retrying to get it until it
-        // it eventually works, but we only do that if the error we get back is the "transaction
+        // eventually works, but we only do that if the error we get back is the "transaction
         // indexing is in progress" error or if the receipt is None.
         //
         // Getting the transaction indexed and taking a receipt can take a long time especially
-        // when a lot of transactions are being submitted to the node. Thus, while initially we
+        // when a lot of transactions are being submitted to the node. Thus, while initially we only
-        // only allowed for 60 seconds of waiting with a 1 second delay in polling, we need to
+        // allowed for 60 seconds of waiting with a 1 second delay in polling, we need to allow for
-        // allow for a larger wait time. Therefore, in here we allow for 5 minutes of waiting
+        // a larger wait time. Therefore, in here we allow for 5 minutes of waiting with exponential
-        // with exponential backoff each time we attempt to get the receipt and find that it's
+        // backoff each time we attempt to get the receipt and find that it's not available.
-        // not available.
+        poll(
-        let mut retries = 0;
+            Self::RECEIPT_POLLING_DURATION,
-        let mut total_wait_duration = Duration::from_secs(0);
+            Default::default(),
-        let max_allowed_wait_duration = Duration::from_secs(5 * 60);
+            move || {
-        loop {
+                let provider = provider.clone();
-            if total_wait_duration >= max_allowed_wait_duration {
+                async move {
-                tracing::error!(
+                    match provider.get_transaction_receipt(transaction_hash).await {
-                    ?total_wait_duration,
+                        Ok(Some(receipt)) => Ok(ControlFlow::Break(receipt)),
-                    ?max_allowed_wait_duration,
+                        Ok(None) => Ok(ControlFlow::Continue(())),
-                    retry_count = retries,
-                    "Failed to get receipt after polling for it"
-                );
-                anyhow::bail!(
-                    "Polled for receipt for {total_wait_duration:?} but failed to get it"
-                );
-            }
-
-            match provider.get_transaction_receipt(*transaction_hash).await {
-                Ok(Some(receipt)) => {
-                    tracing::info!(?total_wait_duration, "Found receipt");
-                    break Ok(receipt);
-                }
-                Ok(None) => {}
                         Err(error) => {
                             let error_string = error.to_string();
-                    if !error_string.contains(Self::TRANSACTION_INDEXING_ERROR) {
+                            match error_string.contains(Self::TRANSACTION_INDEXING_ERROR) {
-                        break Err(error.into());
+                                true => Ok(ControlFlow::Continue(())),
+                                false => Err(error.into()),
                             }
                         }
-            };
-
-            let next_wait_duration = Duration::from_secs(2u64.pow(retries))
-                .min(max_allowed_wait_duration - total_wait_duration);
-            total_wait_duration += next_wait_duration;
-            retries += 1;
-
-            tokio::time::sleep(next_wait_duration).await;
                     }
                 }
+            },
+        )
+        .instrument(tracing::info_span!(
+            "Awaiting transaction receipt",
+            ?transaction_hash
+        ))
+        .await
+        .inspect(|receipt| tracing::info!(gas_used = receipt.gas_used, "Gas used on transaction"))
+    }
 
-    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(geth_node_id = self.id))]
+    #[tracing::instrument(level = "info", skip_all, fields(geth_node_id = self.id), err)]
     async fn trace_transaction(
         &self,
         transaction: &TransactionReceipt,
         trace_options: GethDebugTracingOptions,
     ) -> anyhow::Result<alloy::rpc::types::trace::geth::GethTrace> {
-        let tx_hash = transaction.transaction_hash;
+        let provider = Arc::new(self.provider().await?);
-        Ok(self
+        poll(
-            .provider()
+            Self::TRACE_POLLING_DURATION,
-            .await?
+            Default::default(),
-            .debug_trace_transaction(tx_hash, trace_options)
+            move || {
-            .await?)
+                let provider = provider.clone();
+                let trace_options = trace_options.clone();
+                async move {
+                    match provider
+                        .debug_trace_transaction(transaction.transaction_hash, trace_options)
+                        .await
+                    {
+                        Ok(trace) => Ok(ControlFlow::Break(trace)),
+                        Err(error) => {
+                            let error_string = error.to_string();
+                            match error_string.contains(Self::TRANSACTION_TRACING_ERROR) {
+                                true => Ok(ControlFlow::Continue(())),
+                                false => Err(error.into()),
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            },
+        )
+        .await
     }
 
-    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(geth_node_id = self.id))]
+    #[tracing::instrument(level = "info", skip_all, fields(geth_node_id = self.id), err)]
     async fn state_diff(&self, transaction: &TransactionReceipt) -> anyhow::Result<DiffMode> {
         let trace_options = GethDebugTracingOptions::prestate_tracer(PreStateConfig {
             diff_mode: Some(true),
@@ -351,10 +379,33 @@ impl EthereumNode for GethNode {
             _ => anyhow::bail!("expected a diff mode trace"),
         }
     }
+
+    #[tracing::instrument(level = "info", skip_all, fields(geth_node_id = self.id), err)]
+    async fn balance_of(&self, address: Address) -> anyhow::Result<U256> {
+        self.provider()
+            .await?
+            .get_balance(address)
+            .await
+            .map_err(Into::into)
+    }
+
+    #[tracing::instrument(level = "info", skip_all, fields(geth_node_id = self.id), err)]
+    async fn latest_state_proof(
+        &self,
+        address: Address,
+        keys: Vec<StorageKey>,
+    ) -> anyhow::Result<EIP1186AccountProofResponse> {
+        self.provider()
+            .await?
+            .get_proof(address, keys)
+            .latest()
+            .await
+            .map_err(Into::into)
+    }
 }
 
 impl ResolverApi for GethNode {
-    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(geth_node_id = self.id))]
+    #[tracing::instrument(level = "info", skip_all, fields(geth_node_id = self.id), err)]
     async fn chain_id(&self) -> anyhow::Result<alloy::primitives::ChainId> {
         self.provider()
             .await?
@@ -363,7 +414,17 @@ impl ResolverApi for GethNode {
             .map_err(Into::into)
     }
 
-    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(geth_node_id = self.id))]
+    #[tracing::instrument(level = "info", skip_all, fields(geth_node_id = self.id), err)]
+    async fn transaction_gas_price(&self, tx_hash: &TxHash) -> anyhow::Result<u128> {
+        self.provider()
+            .await?
+            .get_transaction_receipt(*tx_hash)
+            .await?
+            .context("Failed to get the transaction receipt")
+            .map(|receipt| receipt.effective_gas_price)
+    }
+
+    #[tracing::instrument(level = "info", skip_all, fields(geth_node_id = self.id), err)]
     async fn block_gas_limit(&self, number: BlockNumberOrTag) -> anyhow::Result<u128> {
         self.provider()
             .await?
@@ -373,7 +434,7 @@ impl ResolverApi for GethNode {
             .map(|block| block.header.gas_limit as _)
     }
 
-    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(geth_node_id = self.id))]
+    #[tracing::instrument(level = "info", skip_all, fields(geth_node_id = self.id), err)]
     async fn block_coinbase(&self, number: BlockNumberOrTag) -> anyhow::Result<Address> {
         self.provider()
             .await?
@@ -383,17 +444,32 @@ impl ResolverApi for GethNode {
             .map(|block| block.header.beneficiary)
     }
 
-    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(geth_node_id = self.id))]
+    #[tracing::instrument(level = "info", skip_all, fields(geth_node_id = self.id), err)]
     async fn block_difficulty(&self, number: BlockNumberOrTag) -> anyhow::Result<U256> {
         self.provider()
             .await?
             .get_block_by_number(number)
             .await?
             .ok_or(anyhow::Error::msg("Blockchain has no blocks"))
-            .map(|block| block.header.difficulty)
+            .map(|block| U256::from_be_bytes(block.header.mix_hash.0))
     }
 
-    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(geth_node_id = self.id))]
+    #[tracing::instrument(level = "info", skip_all, fields(geth_node_id = self.id), err)]
+    async fn block_base_fee(&self, number: BlockNumberOrTag) -> anyhow::Result<u64> {
+        self.provider()
+            .await?
+            .get_block_by_number(number)
+            .await?
+            .ok_or(anyhow::Error::msg("Blockchain has no blocks"))
+            .and_then(|block| {
+                block
+                    .header
+                    .base_fee_per_gas
+                    .context("Failed to get the base fee per gas")
+            })
+    }
+
+    #[tracing::instrument(level = "info", skip_all, fields(geth_node_id = self.id), err)]
     async fn block_hash(&self, number: BlockNumberOrTag) -> anyhow::Result<BlockHash> {
         self.provider()
             .await?
@@ -403,7 +479,7 @@ impl ResolverApi for GethNode {
             .map(|block| block.header.hash)
     }
 
-    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(geth_node_id = self.id))]
+    #[tracing::instrument(level = "info", skip_all, fields(geth_node_id = self.id), err)]
     async fn block_timestamp(&self, number: BlockNumberOrTag) -> anyhow::Result<BlockTimestamp> {
         self.provider()
             .await?
@@ -413,7 +489,7 @@ impl ResolverApi for GethNode {
             .map(|block| block.header.timestamp)
     }
 
-    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(geth_node_id = self.id))]
+    #[tracing::instrument(level = "info", skip_all, fields(geth_node_id = self.id), err)]
     async fn last_block_number(&self) -> anyhow::Result<BlockNumber> {
         self.provider()
             .await?
@@ -456,12 +532,12 @@ impl Node for GethNode {
         }
     }
 
-    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(geth_node_id = self.id))]
+    #[tracing::instrument(level = "info", skip_all, fields(geth_node_id = self.id))]
     fn connection_string(&self) -> String {
         self.connection_string.clone()
     }
 
-    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(geth_node_id = self.id))]
+    #[tracing::instrument(level = "info", skip_all, fields(geth_node_id = self.id), err)]
     fn shutdown(&mut self) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
         // Terminate the processes in a graceful manner to allow for the output to be flushed.
         if let Some(mut child) = self.handle.take() {
@@ -483,13 +559,13 @@ impl Node for GethNode {
         Ok(())
     }
 
-    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(geth_node_id = self.id))]
+    #[tracing::instrument(level = "info", skip_all, fields(geth_node_id = self.id), err)]
     fn spawn(&mut self, genesis: String) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
         self.init(genesis)?.spawn_process()?;
         Ok(())
     }
 
-    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(geth_node_id = self.id))]
+    #[tracing::instrument(level = "info", skip_all, fields(geth_node_id = self.id), err)]
     fn version(&self) -> anyhow::Result<String> {
         let output = Command::new(&self.geth)
             .arg("--version")
@@ -502,17 +578,21 @@ impl Node for GethNode {
         Ok(String::from_utf8_lossy(&output).into())
     }
 
-    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(geth_node_id = self.id))]
+    #[tracing::instrument(level = "info", skip_all, fields(geth_node_id = self.id))]
     fn matches_target(&self, targets: Option<&[String]>) -> bool {
         match targets {
             None => true,
             Some(targets) => targets.iter().any(|str| str.as_str() == "evm"),
         }
     }
+
+    fn evm_version() -> EVMVersion {
+        EVMVersion::Cancun
+    }
 }
 
 impl Drop for GethNode {
-    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(geth_node_id = self.id))]
+    #[tracing::instrument(level = "info", skip_all, fields(geth_node_id = self.id))]
     fn drop(&mut self) {
         self.shutdown().expect("Failed to shutdown")
     }

crates/node/src/kitchensink.rs

@@ -16,7 +16,8 @@ use alloy::{
         TransactionBuilderError, UnbuiltTransactionError,
     },
     primitives::{
-        Address, B64, B256, BlockHash, BlockNumber, BlockTimestamp, Bloom, Bytes, FixedBytes, U256,
+        Address, B64, B256, BlockHash, BlockNumber, BlockTimestamp, Bloom, Bytes, FixedBytes,
+        StorageKey, TxHash, U256,
     },
     providers::{
         Provider, ProviderBuilder,
@@ -24,12 +25,14 @@ use alloy::{
         fillers::{CachedNonceManager, ChainIdFiller, FillProvider, NonceFiller, TxFiller},
     },
     rpc::types::{
-        TransactionReceipt,
+        EIP1186AccountProofResponse, TransactionReceipt,
         eth::{Block, Header, Transaction},
         trace::geth::{DiffMode, GethDebugTracingOptions, PreStateConfig, PreStateFrame},
     },
     signers::local::PrivateKeySigner,
 };
+use anyhow::Context;
+use revive_common::EVMVersion;
 use revive_dt_common::fs::clear_directory;
 use revive_dt_format::traits::ResolverApi;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
@@ -157,7 +160,7 @@ impl KitchensinkNode {
         Ok(self)
     }
 
-    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(kitchensink_node_id = self.id))]
+    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(kitchensink_node_id = self.id), err)]
     fn spawn_process(&mut self) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
         let substrate_rpc_port = Self::BASE_SUBSTRATE_RPC_PORT + self.id as u16;
         let proxy_rpc_port = Self::BASE_PROXY_RPC_PORT + self.id as u16;
@@ -255,7 +258,7 @@ impl KitchensinkNode {
         Ok(())
     }
 
-    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(kitchensink_node_id = self.id))]
+    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(kitchensink_node_id = self.id), err)]
     fn extract_balance_from_genesis_file(
         &self,
         genesis: &Genesis,
@@ -304,7 +307,7 @@ impl KitchensinkNode {
         }
     }
 
-    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(kitchensink_node_id = self.id))]
+    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(kitchensink_node_id = self.id), err)]
     pub fn eth_rpc_version(&self) -> anyhow::Result<String> {
         let output = Command::new(&self.eth_proxy_binary)
             .arg("--version")
@@ -379,7 +382,7 @@ impl KitchensinkNode {
 }
 
 impl EthereumNode for KitchensinkNode {
-    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(kitchensink_node_id = self.id))]
+    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(kitchensink_node_id = self.id), err)]
     async fn execute_transaction(
         &self,
         transaction: alloy::rpc::types::TransactionRequest,
@@ -396,7 +399,7 @@ impl EthereumNode for KitchensinkNode {
         Ok(receipt)
     }
 
-    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(kitchensink_node_id = self.id))]
+    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(kitchensink_node_id = self.id), err)]
     async fn trace_transaction(
         &self,
         transaction: &TransactionReceipt,
@@ -410,7 +413,7 @@ impl EthereumNode for KitchensinkNode {
             .await?)
     }
 
-    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(kitchensink_node_id = self.id))]
+    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(kitchensink_node_id = self.id), err)]
     async fn state_diff(&self, transaction: &TransactionReceipt) -> anyhow::Result<DiffMode> {
         let trace_options = GethDebugTracingOptions::prestate_tracer(PreStateConfig {
             diff_mode: Some(true),
@@ -426,10 +429,33 @@ impl EthereumNode for KitchensinkNode {
             _ => anyhow::bail!("expected a diff mode trace"),
         }
     }
+
+    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(kitchensink_node_id = self.id), err)]
+    async fn balance_of(&self, address: Address) -> anyhow::Result<U256> {
+        self.provider()
+            .await?
+            .get_balance(address)
+            .await
+            .map_err(Into::into)
+    }
+
+    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(kitchensink_node_id = self.id), err)]
+    async fn latest_state_proof(
+        &self,
+        address: Address,
+        keys: Vec<StorageKey>,
+    ) -> anyhow::Result<EIP1186AccountProofResponse> {
+        self.provider()
+            .await?
+            .get_proof(address, keys)
+            .latest()
+            .await
+            .map_err(Into::into)
+    }
 }
 
 impl ResolverApi for KitchensinkNode {
-    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(kitchensink_node_id = self.id))]
+    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(kitchensink_node_id = self.id), err)]
     async fn chain_id(&self) -> anyhow::Result<alloy::primitives::ChainId> {
         self.provider()
             .await?
@@ -438,7 +464,17 @@ impl ResolverApi for KitchensinkNode {
             .map_err(Into::into)
     }
 
-    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(kitchensink_node_id = self.id))]
+    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(kitchensink_node_id = self.id), err)]
+    async fn transaction_gas_price(&self, tx_hash: &TxHash) -> anyhow::Result<u128> {
+        self.provider()
+            .await?
+            .get_transaction_receipt(*tx_hash)
+            .await?
+            .context("Failed to get the transaction receipt")
+            .map(|receipt| receipt.effective_gas_price)
+    }
+
+    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(kitchensink_node_id = self.id), err)]
     async fn block_gas_limit(&self, number: BlockNumberOrTag) -> anyhow::Result<u128> {
         self.provider()
             .await?
@@ -448,7 +484,7 @@ impl ResolverApi for KitchensinkNode {
             .map(|block| block.header.gas_limit as _)
     }
 
-    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(kitchensink_node_id = self.id))]
+    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(kitchensink_node_id = self.id), err)]
     async fn block_coinbase(&self, number: BlockNumberOrTag) -> anyhow::Result<Address> {
         self.provider()
             .await?
@@ -458,17 +494,32 @@ impl ResolverApi for KitchensinkNode {
             .map(|block| block.header.beneficiary)
     }
 
-    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(kitchensink_node_id = self.id))]
+    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(kitchensink_node_id = self.id), err)]
     async fn block_difficulty(&self, number: BlockNumberOrTag) -> anyhow::Result<U256> {
         self.provider()
             .await?
             .get_block_by_number(number)
             .await?
             .ok_or(anyhow::Error::msg("Blockchain has no blocks"))
-            .map(|block| block.header.difficulty)
+            .map(|block| U256::from_be_bytes(block.header.mix_hash.0))
     }
 
-    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(kitchensink_node_id = self.id))]
+    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(kitchensink_node_id = self.id), err)]
+    async fn block_base_fee(&self, number: BlockNumberOrTag) -> anyhow::Result<u64> {
+        self.provider()
+            .await?
+            .get_block_by_number(number)
+            .await?
+            .ok_or(anyhow::Error::msg("Blockchain has no blocks"))
+            .and_then(|block| {
+                block
+                    .header
+                    .base_fee_per_gas
+                    .context("Failed to get the base fee per gas")
+            })
+    }
+
+    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(kitchensink_node_id = self.id), err)]
     async fn block_hash(&self, number: BlockNumberOrTag) -> anyhow::Result<BlockHash> {
         self.provider()
             .await?
@@ -478,7 +529,7 @@ impl ResolverApi for KitchensinkNode {
             .map(|block| block.header.hash)
     }
 
-    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(kitchensink_node_id = self.id))]
+    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(kitchensink_node_id = self.id), err)]
     async fn block_timestamp(&self, number: BlockNumberOrTag) -> anyhow::Result<BlockTimestamp> {
         self.provider()
             .await?
@@ -488,7 +539,7 @@ impl ResolverApi for KitchensinkNode {
             .map(|block| block.header.timestamp)
     }
 
-    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(kitchensink_node_id = self.id))]
+    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(kitchensink_node_id = self.id), err)]
     async fn last_block_number(&self) -> anyhow::Result<BlockNumber> {
         self.provider()
             .await?
@@ -536,7 +587,7 @@ impl Node for KitchensinkNode {
         self.rpc_url.clone()
     }
 
-    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(kitchensink_node_id = self.id))]
+    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(kitchensink_node_id = self.id), err)]
     fn shutdown(&mut self) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
         // Terminate the processes in a graceful manner to allow for the output to be flushed.
         if let Some(mut child) = self.process_proxy.take() {
@@ -563,12 +614,12 @@ impl Node for KitchensinkNode {
         Ok(())
     }
 
-    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(kitchensink_node_id = self.id))]
+    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(kitchensink_node_id = self.id), err)]
     fn spawn(&mut self, genesis: String) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
         self.init(&genesis)?.spawn_process()
     }
 
-    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(kitchensink_node_id = self.id))]
+    #[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(kitchensink_node_id = self.id), err)]
     fn version(&self) -> anyhow::Result<String> {
         let output = Command::new(&self.substrate_binary)
             .arg("--version")
@@ -588,6 +639,10 @@ impl Node for KitchensinkNode {
             Some(targets) => targets.iter().any(|str| str.as_str() == "pvm"),
         }
     }
+
+    fn evm_version() -> EVMVersion {
+        EVMVersion::Cancun
+    }
 }
 
 impl Drop for KitchensinkNode {

crates/node/src/lib.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 //! This crate implements the testing nodes.
 
+use revive_common::EVMVersion;
 use revive_dt_config::Arguments;
 use revive_dt_node_interaction::EthereumNode;
 
@@ -36,4 +37,7 @@ pub trait Node: EthereumNode {
     /// Given a list of targets from the metadata file, this function determines if the metadata
     /// file can be ran on this node or not.
     fn matches_target(&self, targets: Option<&[String]>) -> bool;
+
+    /// Returns the EVM version of the node.
+    fn evm_version() -> EVMVersion;
 }

crates/node/src/pool.rs

@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
 //! This crate implements concurrent handling of testing node.
 
 use std::{
-    fs::read_to_string,
     sync::atomic::{AtomicUsize, Ordering},
     thread,
 };
 
+use revive_dt_common::cached_fs::read_to_string;
+
 use anyhow::Context;
 use revive_dt_config::Arguments;
 

crates/report/src/reporter.rs

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ use std::{
 
 use anyhow::Context;
 use revive_dt_compiler::{CompilerInput, CompilerOutput};
-use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use serde::Serialize;
 
 use revive_dt_config::{Arguments, TestingPlatform};
 use revive_dt_format::{corpus::Corpus, mode::SolcMode};
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ use crate::analyzer::CompilerStatistics;
 pub(crate) static REPORTER: OnceLock<Mutex<Report>> = OnceLock::new();
 
 /// The `Report` datastructure stores all relevant inforamtion required for generating reports.
-#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, Serialize)]
 pub struct Report {
     /// The configuration used during the test.
     pub config: Arguments,
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ pub struct Report {
 }
 
 /// Contains a compiled contract.
-#[derive(Clone, Debug, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Serialize)]
 pub struct CompilationTask {
     /// The observed compiler input.
     pub json_input: CompilerInput,
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ pub struct CompilationTask {
 }
 
 /// Represents a report about a compilation task.
-#[derive(Clone, Debug, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Serialize)]
 pub struct CompilationResult {
     /// The observed compilation task.
     pub compilation_task: CompilationTask,
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ pub struct CompilationResult {
 }
 
 /// The [Span] struct indicates the context of what is being reported.
-#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Serialize)]
 pub struct Span {
     /// The corpus index this belongs to.
     corpus: usize,