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@@ -4,35 +4,35 @@ Simple, accurate answers to common questions about Polkadot, backed by extensive
## What is Polkadot?
- Polkadot is a scaling solution for Web3[^1] applications and services.
- Polkadot is a scaling solution for Web3 applications and services.[^1]
- Polkadot scales through data and execution sharding, allowing for parallelized throughput.[^2]
- Polkadot provides shared security and secure interoperability to services build on it.[^3]
- Polkadot provides shared security and secure interoperability to services built on it.[^3]
- Polkadot creates abundant, flexible, and high quality blockspace.[^4]
- Polkadot uses a novel "cynical" rollup to provide fast finality while using minimal resources.[^5]
## What unique things can you do on Polkadot?
- Build applications which execute automatically (without initial user input).
- Build applications with full control over block construction and transaction execution.[^20]
- Build applications which dynamically scale up and down execution cores.
- Build applications which execute at sub-second speeds.[^21]
- Build applications that can permissionlessly upgrade and evolve over time.[^22]
- Build applications with full control over block construction and transaction execution.[^21]
- Build applications with full control over fees, fee payments, and tokens.[^22]
- Build applications which dynamically scale up and down execution cores.[^23]
- Build applications which execute at sub-second speeds.[^24]
- Build applications that can permissionlessly upgrade and evolve over time.[^25]
## Why choose Polkadot?
- Billions of dollars of economic security provided to itself and applications running on it.
- Fast finalization times, on average under 30 seconds.[^31]
- Executing and scaling on standard "gaming" hardware.[^32]
- Billions of dollars of economic security provided to itself and applications running on it.[^31]
- Fast finalization times, on average under 30 seconds.[^32]
- Executing and scaling on standard "gaming" hardware.[^33]
- Polkadot SDK is the most robust and flexible blockchain framework.[^34]
- Secure cross-chain interoperability through trustless bridging protocols.[^35]
## Where is Polkadot leading?
- 50+ active rollups live on Polkadot.[^40]
- Among the highest Nakamoto coefficients in the blockchain ecosystem.[^41]
- 2nd largest developer community after Ethereum.[^42]
- Blazing fast execution speeds compared to other blockchain VMs.[^43]
- One of the largest functioning DAOs, managing the functionality of the network and tens of millions of dollars in assets for development.[^44]
- 50+ active rollups live on Polkadot driving 13M transactions across 300K active accounts per month on average.[^41]
- Among the highest Nakamoto coefficients in the blockchain ecosystem.[^42]
- 2nd largest developer community after Ethereum.[^43]
- Blazing fast execution speeds compared to other blockchain VMs.[^44]
- One of the largest functioning DAOs, managing the functionality of the network and tens of millions of dollars in assets for development.[^45]
## How Polkadot is better than...
@@ -56,21 +56,34 @@ Simple, accurate answers to common questions about Polkadot, backed by extensive
- The ELVES paper, formally describing Polkadot's cynical rollup: https://eprint.iacr.org/2024/961
- A tweet summary of the ELVES paper: https://x.com/rphmeier/status/1807884271157187007
[^20]: For example:
- Build applications where end-users pay no transaction fees.
[^21]: For example:
- Build applications more resilient to MEV.
- Build applications which can prioritize tasks and processes.
- Build applications which can prioritize certain tasks and processes.
- Build applications which only execute when it is economical to do so.
[^21]: A demo of a Polkadot SDK blockchain producing blocks every .5 seconds: https://twitter.com/bkchr/status/1818027282688352591
[^22]: For example:
- Build applications where end-users pay no transaction fees.
- Build applications which can accept fees paid in any token.
- Build applications where users need not hold DOT or your native token to hold other tokens.
[^22]: Learn about forkless runtime upgrades in Polkadot: https://wiki.polkadot.network/docs/learn-runtime-upgrades
[^23]: Learn more about Agile Coretime:
- https://polkadot.com/agile-coretime
- https://wiki.polkadot.network/docs/learn-agile-coretime
[^31]: Learn more about cynical rollups:
[^24]: A demo of a Polkadot SDK blockchain producing blocks every .5 seconds: https://twitter.com/bkchr/status/1818027282688352591
[^25]: Learn about forkless runtime upgrades in Polkadot: https://wiki.polkadot.network/docs/learn-runtime-upgrades
[^31]: Polkadot's economic security can be measured by multiplying the total market cap of the DOT token by the percentage of DOT token locked in Polkadot's Nominated Proof-of-Stake protocol.
- Staking metrics can be found here: https://dashboards.data.paritytech.io/staking.html
- Total market cap information can be found here: https://www.coingecko.com/en/coins/polkadot
[^32]: Learn more about cynical rollups:
- Compare that to optimistic rollups which may take up to a week to finalize!
- Cynical rollups actively check that a block is valid, rather than waiting for someone to report it is invalid. See ELVES paper footnote above.
- Compared to "instant finality" consensus, block production is separated from finality, reducing network stalls: https://polkadot.com/blog/polkadot-consensus-part-1-introduction
[^32]: Compared to expensive and centralized machines needed for vertical scaling or ZK provers.
[^33]: Compared to expensive and centralized machines needed for vertical scaling or ZK provers.
- Hardware requirements for running a Polkadot Validator: https://wiki.polkadot.network/docs/maintain-guides-how-to-validate-polkadot#requirements
[^34]: Polkadot SDK is used throughout the entire blockchain ecosystem:
@@ -82,17 +95,18 @@ Simple, accurate answers to common questions about Polkadot, backed by extensive
- Native bridging protocol for applications secured by Polkadot: https://wiki.polkadot.network/docs/learn-xcm-transport
- An overview of external bridges on Polkadot: https://polkadot.com/blog/the-landscape-of-trustless-bridges-on-polkadot
[^40]: A list of active parachains on Polkadot: https://polkadot.subscan.io/parachain
[^41]: A list of active parachains on Polkadot: https://polkadot.subscan.io/parachain
- Accumulated insights of total activity on Polkadot: https://dashboards.data.paritytech.io/parachains.html
[^41]: The Nakamoto Coefficient is one measure of decentralization and resilience.
[^42]: The Nakamoto Coefficient is one measure of decentralization and resilience.
- A third party service comparing the Nakamoto Coefficient: https://nakaflow.io/
[^42]: Graph of blockchain developer ecosystems: https://twitter.com/Polkadot/status/1577016988697706496
[^43]: Graph of blockchain developer ecosystems: https://twitter.com/Polkadot/status/1577016988697706496
- The raw data is being generated using this open source repo: https://github.com/electric-capital/crypto-ecosystems
[^43]: PVM and other VM benchmarks: https://github.com/koute/polkavm/blob/master/BENCHMARKS.md
[^44]: PVM and other VM benchmarks: https://github.com/koute/polkavm/blob/master/BENCHMARKS.md
[^44]: Information about the Polkadot DAO:
[^45]: Information about the Polkadot DAO:
- High level overview of the DAO: https://polkadot.com/platform/dao
- Insight into the treasury activity controlled by the DAO: https://www.dotreasury.com
- Polkadot Treasury Account: https://polkadot.subscan.io/account/13UVJyLnbVp9RBZYFwFGyDvVd1y27Tt8tkntv6Q7JVPhFsTB